• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.583-592
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• 2015

Zero-inflation has recently attracted much attention in integer-valued time series. This article deals with conditional variance (volatility) modeling for the zero-inflated count time series. We incorporate zero-inflation property into integer-valued GARCH (INGARCH) via conditional Poisson and negative binomial marginals. The Cholera frequency time series is analyzed as a data application. Estimation is carried out using EM-algorithm as suggested by Zhu (2012).

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 1998.10c
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• pp.165-167
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 한.영 기계번역을 위한 한국어 품사 분류를 한다. 한국어 표준문법에서 제시되는 품사 분류 기준은 의미, 기능, 형식의 세 가지 기준을 적용하고 있으며, 자연언어처리에서도 같은 분류 기준을 바탕으로 하고 있다. 품사 분류에 여러 가지 기준을 적용하는 것은 문법구조 이해 및 품사 분류를 어렵게 한다. 또한 한.영 기계번역시 품사의 불일치로 전처리가 필요하다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 하나의 기준을 적용하여 품사 분류를 한다. 방법으로 한국어 표준문법에 의하여 말뭉치에 태깅하고 문제점을 찾아내며, 새로운 기준에 의하여 품사 분류를 한다. 본 논문에서 분류된 품사는 한국어 문장에서 통사적 역할이 동일하고, 영에서의 사전 품사와 동일하다. 또한 품사 분류의 모호성을 제거하고, 한국어의 문장 구조를 명확히 표현하며, 한.영 기계번역시 패턴 매칭에 의한 목적언어 생성이 가능하다.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.99-112
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• 2009

This study examined how infant-teacher relationships perceived by teachers related to observed toddler-teacher and toddler-peer interactions in play. Participants were 57 2-year-old toddlers and their 8 teachers. Toddler-teacher perceived relationships were examined by questionnaire toddler-teacher and toddler-toddler interactions were observed and recorded during play. Data were analyzed by correlation. Results were : (1) the perceived relationships of toddlers to multiple teachers in the classroom were very similar. (2) The pattern of interactions between toddlers and teachers was similar to that of interactions between toddlers and peers. (3) The more positive the toddler-teacher perceived relationship, the more positive the observed interactions between the children and teachers and between children and their peers.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.319-327
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• 1999

Zero-Inflated Poisson distributions have been widely used for defect-free products in manufacturing processes. It is very interesting to check the shift after the unknown changepoint. If the detectives are caused by the two different types of factor, we should use bivariate zero-inflated model. In this paper, likelihood ratio tests were used to detect the shift of changes after the changepoint. Some inferences for the parameters in this model were made.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2010.06c
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• pp.249-253
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• 2010

영한기계번역은 영어와 한국어 사이에 많은 언어적인 차이가 존재하며 이를 효과적으로 해결해야 한다. 규칙기반의 영한기계번역에서는 언어간의 차이를 어휘, 구문, 변환 등의 규칙을 이용하고 숙어 등의 사전정보를 활용하는 방법이 적용되고 있으나 한계가 있다. 본 논문에서는 두 언어간의 차이를 해소하는 방안으로 전처리를 적용하였으며 규칙기반의 영한기계번역에서 요구되는 전처리작업에 대해서 연구하였다. 전처리작업은 전처리문제와 해결방안으로 구성되는데, 언어간의 차이해소에 필요한 전처리문제를 조사하여 전처리문제가 영한기계번역의 어떤 단계에서 다루어져야 할지에 의해 문제들을 구분하였으며 이를 해결하기 위한 방안을 고안하여 본 논문에서 제시하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2024.05a
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• pp.149-150
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• 2024

차량 애드 혹 네트워크(VANET)는 운전자에게 안전하고 편안한 운전을 위한 다양한 서비스를 제공한다. VANET 은 차량의 이동으로 인해 토폴로지 변화가 빠르게 발생하기 때문에 무선 링크 품질과 링크 안정성의 변화가 극심하다는 문제가 있다. 본 논문에서는 VANET 을 위한 새로운 라우팅 프로토콜을 제안한다. 제안하는 프로토콜은 링크 품질과 링크 안정성을 사용하여 최적의 라우팅 경로를 제공하며, 네트워크 QoS 를 제공할 수 있다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 처리량, 패킷 손실률, 그리고 종단 간 지연 측면에서 상당한 성능 개선을 보여준다.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.817-833
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• 2013

The study aims to analyze Thomas Young's problem solving processes of analogical reasoning during the formation of the interference theory of light, and to draw its implications for secondary science education, particularly for enhancing creativity in science. The research method employed in the study was literature review of the papers which Young himself had written about sound wave and property of light. His thinking processes and specific features in his thought that were obtained through analysis of his papers about light are as follows: Young reconsidered Newton's experiments and observations, and reinterpreted Newton's results in the new viewpoints. Through this analysis, Young discovered that Newton's interpretation about his own experiments and observations was faulty in a certain point of view and new interpretation is necessary. Based on the data, it is hypothesized that colors observed on thin plates and colors appeared repeatedly on Newton's ring are appeared because of the effect of light interference. Young used analogical reasoning during the process of inference of similarity between sound and light. And he formulated an hypothesis on the interference of light through using abductive reasoning from interference of water wave, and proved the hypothesis by constructing an creative experimental device, which is called a critical experiment. It is implicated that the analogical reasoning and experimental devices for explaining the light interference which Young created and used can be utilized for school science education enhancing creativity in science.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.130-143
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to identify factors of 25~36 months old infant's happiness and to develop a scale to measure infant happiness. The subjects were 250 infants aged 25~36 months. The results of this study are as follows: First, the components and items of infant's happiness scale selected through the literature, the previous measurement tool, and the focus group interview were 8 components and 29 items. The items were composed of 4 items of problem behavior, 4 items of achievement through immersion, 4 items of relationship with friends, 4 items of relationship with teacher, 3 items of physical environment, 4 items of positive emotion, 3 items of negative emotion, and 3 items of health. Second, as a result of validation of validity for infant's happiness scale, the item fit was confirmed with CFI=0.89, TLI=0.88, and RMR=0.05. Also, the construct validity was confirmed with convergent validity and discriminant validity. The concurrent validity was significantly correlated with the components of the previously developed measurement tools, and the reliability was appeared with 0.71-0.89. The infant's happiness scale developed in this study ensured reliability and validity as a measurement to measure infant happiness. Therefore, this scale is expected to be used as a major test tool to develope and verify a program for promoting infant happiness.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.32
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• pp.245-278
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• 2008

The purpose of this paper is to create an inter-religious dialogue between the Western Christian concept of the spirit and Eastern ch'i philosophy within the category of panentheism. The Hebrew term ruah means 'moving air' and 'wind' which derive from the particular experience of the ancient Hebrew people living in the desert. The Greek pnuema also means 'life' and 'wind' which denote the natural power. Both ruah and pneuma consist of the main idea of the spirit exploring the symbol of relationality of the divine in Western tradition. Eastern ch'i philosophy indicates a vital force for keeping the body and soul alive, which is unconscious and spontaneous. Ch'i as a vital force constitutes cosmogony and cosmology with the constant movement of yin and yang. Yin and Yang as representing earth and heaven are dynamic breaths, blending harmoniously to become all existence. The ethical implication of the inter-religious dialogue between the spirit and ch'i would be the integration and interconnection of heaven, earth, and human beings. The dialogue suggests becoming one body with nature and human community through embodying the non-dualistic spirit of life. The inter-relationality means that since all modalities of existence are made of the cosmic life, human beings are part of the divine cosmic process. This is related to degree of spirituality in the entire chain of being: rocks, trees, animals, humans, and goods represent different levels of spirituality based on the varying composition of the spirit and ch'i. All beings that internally embody with the spirit and ch'i are organically inter-connected, and they are integral part of a continuous process of transformation of life towards holistic liberation of human and nature community.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.361-369
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of spirituality and stress of clinical practice and to identify the relationship of variables among nursing students. Data were collected from 203 nursing students using self-report questionnaire composed of demographic characteristics and two scales including spirituality and stress of clinical practice. Data were analyzed by frequencies, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients using the SPSS program. The mean score for spirituality and stress of clinical practice were above medium level, with the value of 3.18 and 3.42 out of 5 respectively. There were significant mean differences in spirituality according to religion and satisfaction on major while those in stress of clinical practice according to sex and satisfaction on major. Significant negative correlation between spirituality and stress of clinical practice was found. In conclusion, to reduce clinical stress in nursing students, it is necessary to develop and apply educational program for spiritual improvement.