• 월간 한농연
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• s.55
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• pp.38-44
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• 2006

• CHINESE LITERATURE
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• v.95
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• pp.73-97
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to reveal a variety of Chinese translations of Aquinas' term, "anima humana," created through a series of Jesuit translation in China since the end of the sixteenth century, and the way they were transmitted and incorporated into Joseon academia in two parts. First, the contention among the variety of translations for a single term-hollyeong 魂靈, yeonghon 靈魂, yeongsin 靈神, sinhon 神魂, anima 亞尼瑪, yeongseong 靈性, sinche 神體, yeongmyeongjiche 靈明之體 and others-are examined. The second part is to trace how these translated terms were engraved into the neo-Confucian scholars' body of knowledge following their sporadic introduction to Joseon.

• Journal of the Daesoon Academy of Sciences
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• v.42
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• pp.167-199
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• 2022

A majority of religious orders in Jeungsanism believe in Jeungsan as a spiritual entity or incarnation of Maitreya. However, Daesoon Jinrihoe insists that the destiny of Maitreya lasts for fifty-thousand years and the 'gold (金)' associated with the Maitreya icon (Geumsan-sa Temple) symbolizes the 'Later World.' A different Maitreya icon was produced for Daesoon Jinrihoe's Toseong Training Temple Complex. That icon of Maitreya looks similar to the one at Gwanchok-sa Temple. That is because the icon in Daesoon Jinrihoe has been formed in order to emphasize Maitreya as a symbol different from the one in Geumsan-sa Temple. If the Maitreya icon of Geumsan-sa Temple is a core that symbolizes two figures, Jeungsan and his successor, Jeongsan, who inherited his religious orthodoxy, then the Maitreya icon at Toseong Training Temple Complex is a symbol that suggests faith and religious practice from a more conventional perspective. The Maitreya icon in Geumsan-sa Temple deals with issues of religious orthodoxy whereas the icon at Toseong is related to the prophecies on the redemption of people and the advent of Dao-empowered sages. According to Daesoon Thought, Maitreya is not just the future Buddha. He has already descended on the earth in modern times. Due to Jeungsan's descending on the earth, the incarnation of Maitreya has been accomplished as far as the Daesoon faith is concerned. Henceforth, the true practice of Maitreya reverence in the context of Daesoon Jinrihoe should be focused around a group of devotees who specifically practice Jeungsan's Reordering Works of Heaven and Earth. An attempt to do so will enable the formation of the ideal world aimed upon by Maitreya.