• Proceedings of The Korean Society of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.89-92
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• 2001

오갈피속 수종은 우리나라에 10여 종 있는 것으로 보고되고 있는데(김영진, 등 1997)약용성분이 가장 뛰어난 수종은 가시오갈피(Acanthopanax senticosus (Ruper. et Max.)Harms)로 알려져 있다. 가시오갈피는 높이 2∼3 m의 낙엽활엽관목으로서 강한 햇볕이 드는 더운곳에서는 거의 발견되지 않으며 내음 및 내한성이 강하다.(중략)

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.249-256
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• 2016

This study was performed to investigate the effect of various concentrations of Diniconazole (DC) on the growth and quality of grafted tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) seedlings cultivated during the summer season. Concentrations of DC were set to 0 (non-treatment), 5, 10 and $20mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$, were treated once 3 days after grafting. Rootstock of the seedlings was shorter in the DC $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment compared to the non-treatment, and the scions were significantly shorter in the DC $20mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment. Seedlings were significantly shorter in the DC $20mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment compared with the non-treatment. Leaf area was lower for seedlings subjected to all treatments than for seedlings in non-treatment group, and reduction was dose dependent. In particular, the DC $20mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment inhibited both leaf and stem growth. The fresh weighs of leaves and stems of the seedlings treated with DC $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and the fresh weights of roots subjected to all treatments were significantly greater than those of the non-treatment seedlings. Dry weight per organs of the seedlings treated with DC $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was significantly greater that of the non-treatment seedlings, but the dry weight of leaves of seedling treated with DC $20mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ was much less than that of the non-treatment seedlings. The T/R ratio of the seedlings was lower for all treatments than for the non-treatment. The relative growth rate of the seedlings was significantly lower in the DC $20mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment and, the leaf area rate of seedlings was lower in the DC $5mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ and $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ treatment than in the non-treatment. Therefore, the optimal concentration of Dinoconazole used to produce a suitable grafted tomato seedling in the summer season is $10mg{\cdot}L^{-1}$ or less.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.178-186
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• 2015

This study was carried out to determine the effects of environment controls (temperature and shading level) on germination responses and early growth of Allium thunbergii. Germination experiment was performed by pre-treatment (with low temperature and wetting treatments for 0, 20, 40 and 60 days) and temperature controls (5, 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30). And growth experiment was performed by containers (128 and 200 cavities containers) and shading level (full sunlight (control), 35%, 50% and 75% shading). Germination rate of A. thunbergii seeds were, 20 days of seed pre-treatment, the highest at $10^{\circ}C$ (81.7%) and the more temperature went up, the more germination rate went down. As a result of surveying container and shading treatments, the height, leaf area, leaf length, leaf aspect ratio (L/W) were higher under 50% shading of 128 (24.2cm, $2.76cm^2$, 22.3cm and 223.4, respectively) and 200 (22.6cm, $2.29cm^2$, 19.4cm and 190.5, respectively) cavities container. The root was grown well under full sunlight. Specially, fresh weight of shoot (leaves+stem) was higher under 50% shading of 128 (0.241g) and 200 (0.212g) cavities container. As a result of surveying the whole experiment, A. thunbergii seeds need to pre-treatment (with low temperature and wetting treatments for 20~40 days) for high germination rate. And it is judged better growth and higher yield by maintaining 50% shading of 200 cavities container.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.6
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• pp.818-829
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• 2016

This study evaluated the responses of 18 potato cultivars to three levels of salinity stress (electrical conductivity, EC: 1.0, 4.0, and $8.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$). Stem, leaf, root, chlorophyll, tuber yield, and proline content were investigated and statistically analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and correlations. Stem number and stem diameter were not affected by salinity, but stem length and aerial weight showed highly significant responses to salinity. Aerial weight decreased with increasing salinity levels in most cultivars, while it increased in some the cultivars 'Daejima', 'Goun', 'Haryeong', and 'LT-8'. Leaf number, leaf area index, and leaf weight were most significantly affected by salinity and the cultivar ${\times}$ salinity interaction. Root length, root weight, total chlorophyll and chlorophyll a were affected by salinity, but not by the cultivar ${\times}$ salinity interaction. The opposite trend was shown in chlorophyll b. Although there was great variability among cultivars, tuber yield decreased in all cultivars, and was most significantly influenced by salinity and the cultivar ${\times}$ salinity interaction. 'Superior', 'Kroda', 'Romana', and 'Duback' gave better tuber yields under salinity at EC 4.0 and $8.0dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$ than the cultivars with better aerial weights. Proline content was increased by salinity in all cultivars, and was more remarkable in the cultivars with better aerial weights than in cultivars such as 'Superior' and 'Kroda' with better tuber yields. Leaf number, leaf area index, leaf weight, and root length parameters were considered to be useful criteria in the evaluation of salt tolerance because of their high positive correlation with tuber yield; however, given its negative correlation with tuber yield under high salinity, proline content was not. Salinity tolerances varied greatly among potato cultivars. The low correlation between growth and yields of aerial parts under high salinity suggests that, in commercial agriculture, it might be more practical to compare relative yields to controls. Additionally, 'Superior', 'Kroda', 'Romana', and 'Duback' might be very useful cultivars to use in breeding programs to develop salinity-tolerant potatoes, as well as for sustainable potato production in saline areas.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.309-313
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• 2014

This research was conducted to establish recommendable side shoot management methods in the growth and yield of tomato in winter. A cherry tomato, $^{\circ}{\times}Unicorn^{\circ}{\pm}$ (Monsanto Korea, Korea) was cultivated in coconut coir in the form of bag as substrate. There were four treatments related to side shoot removal methods; 1) To remove all side shoots and also each one of three leaves which gives shade to each cluster attached below (UP-FL), 2) To remove all side shoots and also each one of three leaves which gives shade to each cluster only with fruit attached below (UP-FR), 3) To remove all side shoots (AS-All), and 4) To remain two leaves of each side shoot coming from right below each cluster (AS-Part). The number of malformed leaves were more in UP-FL, UP-FR, AS-All, and AS-Part in descending order, which showed the severe the removal of leaves the more the malformed leaves. The malformed leaves were diminished after the development stage the second or third cluster bloomed. The yields until fifth cluster were not different among the treatments. Therefore removal of side shoots and leaves recommends not to be done severely in early growth stage when tomato plants are cultivated in winter.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.40-47
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• 1987

Under the different conditions of planting density and compound fertilizer level, some agronomic and chemical characteristics of burley tobacco were investigated from 1982 to 1984. Leaf area and dry leaf weight per plant, crop growth rate, relative growth rate and net assimilation rate for 40-60 days after transplanting were higher with increasing plant spacing and fertilizer, but leaf area index was lower with increasing plant spacing. At topping stage, the leaf size was increased with increasing plant spacing and amount of fertilizer applied and the stem diameter was increased by increasing plant spacing. Leaf area, leaf weight per plant and weight per unit leaf area of harvested leaf were higher when plant spacing and fertilizer increased. It was estimated that the optimum plant spacing was 105cm x 34cm and level of com-pound fertilizer (N-P$_2$ O$\sub$5/ -K$_2$O =10-10-20) was 263kg/l0a for high yield. There were trends toward increase the contents of total alkaloid and total nitrogen with increasing plant spacing and fertilizer application. There was significant positive correlation between plant spacing and total nitrogen, and between fertilizer application and total nitrogen. The plant spacing of 105cm x 35 to 40cm and 227.5kg/l0a of fertilizer level may be profitable for farm economy and the low nitrogenous leaf.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.211-217
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• 2001

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Zn and Cu on physiological responses of tobacco at the different leaf ages for the purpose of phytoremediation of heavy metal contaminated field. Plant height was significantly decreased at Zn and Cu concentrations of 1.0 mM or higher. Especially, root dry weight decreased more (50% reduced) than shoot dry weight. Zn and Cu accumulation in the shoot and root was dramatically increased after 2.0 mM treatment. The accumulation pattern was different by leaf aging in that Zn accumulated more in senescence leaf and Cu accumulated more in growing leaf. The amounts of heavy metal accumulations per plant were 146,000 mg/kg for Zn and 20,500 mg/kg for Cu at 2.0 mM treatment. The proper harvesting time would be suggested as vegetative growth stage for Zn and reproductive stage for Cu. The concentrations of other inorganic ions (Mg, Mn, Fe) were decreased when Zn and Cu concentrations were increased. Cu concentration and Zn concentration of both shoot and root were decreased in Zn treatment and Cu treatment, respectively.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.287-292
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• 2005

Calli were induced by culturing the leaf segment of Actinidia deliciosa ${\times}$ A. arguta clone 118 on MS medium supplemented with 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.1 mg/L NAA and 0.05 mg/L BA for 8 weeks in light condition. The induced calli were inoculated in liquid MS medium containing 0.5 mg/L 2,4-D, 0.1 mg/L NAA, 0.05 mg/L BA and 3% sucrose to establish cell suspension culture. The cells at the exponential stage and the stationary stage could be observed between 5-11 days and after that 12 days in culture, respectively. The fresh weight of callus induced from the suspended cells did not vary much among the media containing eight different combinations of plant growth regulators tested. The highest frequency of shoot induction (88.3%) was observed in MS medium containing 2.0 mg/L zeatin. Either BA or zeatin mixed with thidiazuron (TDZ) seemed to be effective in shoot induction. The induced shoots were transferred to MS medium containing 0.2 mg/L zeatin for further shoot growth. And then the shoots were transferred to Standardi (ST) medium containing 1.0 mg/L indolebutyric acid (IBA) for rooting. Plantlets could be obtained through cell suspension culture of Actinidia deliciosa ${\times}$ A. arguta clone 118.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Bio-Environment Control Conference
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• 1998.05a
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• pp.153-157
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• 1998

무등산 수박의 유묘 생산에 있어 적정 배양액 농도를 구명하기 위하여 일본원시균형배양액을 기준으로 하여 NO$_3$-N, K 및 Ca의 농도별 첨가량에 따른 유묘생장반응을 조사하였다. 1. 배양액내 질소농도을 증가시킬수록 초장, 엽면적, 엽수, 엽장, 엽폭이 증가하였으며 생체중과 건물중도 증가하였다. 2. 배양액내 칼륨의 농도를 증가시켰을 경우 수박 유묘의 초장은 200ppm까지는 약간 증가하지만 엽면적, 엽수, 엽장, 생체중 및 건물중은 200ppm이상으로 증가시키면 감소하는 경향이었다. 3. 칼슘처리의 경우 농도의 증가가 생장의 증가를 나타내지는 않았으며 원시균형 배양액의 표준이라 할 수 있는 80ppm처리구의 생장이 양호한 것으로 나타났다. 4. 배양액(일본원시균형배양액 1/2농도)에 N의 농도를 200ppm으로 증가시킬 경우 수박유묘의 엽병내 N, K 및 Mg의 함량이 증가하였지만 P 및 Ca의 증가나 감소의 경향은 보이지 않았다. 5. K의 농도를 100ppm으로 증가시킬 경우 수박유묘의 엽병내 N, K 및 Mg의 함량이 증가하였지만 P 및 Ca의 증가나 감소의 경향은 보이지 않았다. 5. K의 농도를 150ppm으로 증가시킬 경우 수박유묘의 엽병내 N, K 및 Mg의 함량이 증가하였지만 P 및 Ca의 증가나 감소의 경향은 보이지 않았다. 그러나 200ppm이상으로 증가시킬 경우 N과 Mg의 감소가 나타났다. 6. 양액내 Ca의 농도를 증가시킬수록 엽병내 N, K Ca 및 Mg의 농도가 증가하는 반면 P의 경우 거의 변화가 없었으며,N의 경우는 200ppm 이상의 농도에서 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. Mg의 경우는 150ppm까지는 함량의 변화가 없었지만 200ppm 이상의 처리구에서 급격한 함량증가를 나타내었다.~21.2ml가 흘러나와 배지의 공극이 일정하지 않아 시간당 통과하는 양이 일정하지 않았다고 생각되었다. $\bigcirc$ 펄라이트 : 합섬A(비스코스+레이온)급액천의 유입은 소(1$\times$60cm)에서 21.8ml, 중(2$\times$60cm) 33.5ml, 대(3$\times$60cm) 43.4ml가 통과되었고 합섬(폴리에스텔)에서는 19.0~30.7ml로서 급액천의 규격에 따라 통과되는 차이가 있었다. 배지가 규격화되어 있어 급액천의 규격별로 일정하게 유입되었으며 급액천의 재질이 유입에 영향을 미친 것으로 사료되었다. (2) 급액관과 베드상과의 높이에 따른 유출양 : 급액과 베드상과의 낙차가 클수록 유출이 증가함을 알수 있었으나 합섬C(인견)실험구에서는 낙차가 유출에 영향을 미치지 않았다. (4) 급액된 양액의 EC 및 pH조사 : 급액된 양액의 EC 및 pH에 전혀 변화가 없어 재배 적응에 문제가 없을것으로 사료되었다.이가 가장 이상적인 것으로 생각된다.세포수에 대한 내부세포괴세포(ICM/total cells)가 20~40% 범주에 드는 비율은 처리구가 대조구보다 낮은 결과를 나타냈다. 결론적으로 돼지난포란을 이용하여 체외성숙을 유기할 때 효과적인 cysteamine의 농도는 50$\mu$M이 적당하며, 초기배발달을 유기할 때의 효과적인 cysteamine의 농도는 25~50$\mu$M인 것으로 판단된다.N)A(N)/N을 제시하였다(A(N)=N에 대한 A값). 위의 실험식을 사용하여 헝가리산 Zempleni 시료(15%$S_{XRD}$)의 기본입자분포로부터 %$S_{XRD}$를 계산한

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.471-475
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• 1987

Some physiological analysis and the trend of a change in mineral nutrient contents in 2 years old ginseng plants were investigated for 10 times at 15 to 25 days interval from April 25th to October 10. The growth of leaf in size was completed by the beginning of June and that of stem in height by the late of June. The trend of a seasonal change in root weight showed a form of V letter, that is, the weight was de-creased until late of May and increased continuously thereafter up to September. However, the duration of root growth might be dependent on the defoliation. The growth of root in length begins from the beginning of June and stops in the beginning of August. Relative growth rate, net assimilation rate and crop growth rate were all negative values in just after shoot-emergence. The values showed a peak in May and decreased gradually thereafter. The leaf area ratio showed a peak of 76$\textrm{cm}^2$/g in May, and down to 30$\textrm{cm}^2$ /g in the beginning of October. The contents of nitrogen and potassium in aerial part of ginseng plants decreased at the late growing season, but increased on lime. No seasonal changes on phosphate and magnesium were observed. The contents of nitrogen, phosphate and potassium in root decreased rapidly at the maximum growing season for the aerial part and increased gradually thereafter. Whereas no changes on lime and magesium were observed during the growing season.