• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.14-19
• /
• 2016

Biomass is a renewable and sustainable source of energy used to create electricity or pressurized steam. In biomass-fueled power plants, wood waste or other waste is burned to produce steam that runs a turbine to make electricity, or that provides heat to industries and homes. Biomass power plants, apart from producing energy, help to reduce the $CO_2$ emission. However, the main problem is the high-temperature corrosion due to fuel corrosivity, especially of the straw. This limits both the temperature of the steam and also the effectiveness of the power plant. The corrosion in biomass-fueled plant was described.

• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
• /
• v.21 no.6
• /
• pp.274-279
• /
• 2011

In this study, we investigated the analytical methods for bromine (Br) and chloride (Cl) with oxygen combustion bomb, using a halogen-containing polymer materials. On measuring Cl content, it showed less reproducibility of the results applying Mohr method or potentiometric titration method than those applying acid-base titration method. In both Br and Cl tests with an oxygen combustion bomb, their concentrations in the absorption and cleaning solution with distilled water were much higher than those in the combustion gas. On the other hand, the concentration level of Br measured by the oxygen combustion bomb method were a little bit lower than those measured by XRF or combustionion chromatography.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
• /
• v.50 no.7
• /
• pp.269-274
• /
• 2013

We are used with the alkaline ion water which an application field does to object for drinking water compare with the alkaline ion water which asked ion acid electrolysis so as to be very different. This is used with sterilization disinfection use by residual chlorine in case of strong acidity according to ph intensity, and in case of middle acidity use by washing and face washing, and mix with meal materials in case of weak acidity widely usable in cooking. Acid ion water generates as we electrolyze water. Chlorine gas and sodium hydroxide etc. was generated at electrolysis process, and we have toward sterilizing power. Derelicts such as chlorine, phosphorus, sulfur etc. are gathered from a negative ion, and we make acid ion water to + electrode direction in electrolysis. We used a diaphragm in order to disconnect too acid water and alkaline water. We implemented so that the acid water which it came down to three kinds of PWM voltage to PWM (pulse width modulation) control, and implementation method of ph intensity change authorized ph intensity between weak acidity to electrode in strong acidity as we used Microprocessor, and intensity was adjusted successively by PWM control was generated.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.45 no.8
• /
• pp.1233-1238
• /
• 2016

Combined treatment of chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) gas, mild heat, and fumaric acid was performed to reduce microbial growth and maintain quality of Citrus unshiu during storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Citrus unshiu fruits were treated with $ClO_2$ gas (15 or 30 ppmv), mild heat (40, 50, or $60^{\circ}C$), and fumaric acid (0.1, 0.3, or 0.5%). Combined treatment of 15 or 30 ppmv $ClO_2$ gas, $50^{\circ}C$ mild heat, and 0.5% fumaric acid reduced populations of inoculated Listeria monocytogenes by 3.5~3.7 log CFU/g. In addition, combined treatment decreased populations of yeast and molds in Citrus unshiu by 2.54 log CFU/g after 30-day storage at $4^{\circ}C$. Combined treatment also reduced the decay rate by 48% after 30 days of storage compared with the control. Total solid content, titratable acidity, and color values were not significantly affected by the combined treatment. Therefore, combined treatment of $ClO_2$ gas, mild heat, and fumaric acid can be a useful hurdle technology to improve microbial safety and quality of Citrus unshiu during storage.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.170-177
• /
• 2019

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different concentrations of chlorine dioxide ($ClO_2$) on sterilization and deodorization of food-holding cabinets under different exposure times. For the measuring sterilization and deodorization, a 6.5 L chamber and a 625 L cabinet with circulation systems were used. Two bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus KCTC1916 and Escherichia coli KCTC 1682) that were artificially inoculated in the plate respectively were put into the 6.5 L chamber and the 625 L cabinet. The $ClO_2$ gas was produced by ampules. In the 6.5 L chamber, neither of the two bacteria was detected after 24 hours treatment by $ClO_2$ gas. Moreover, the deodorization rate against ammonia and phenol was 94% and 70%, respectively, but deodorization against formaldehyde was not effective. When the concentration reached maximum (6 ampule, 4.6 ppm) levels in the cabinet, it lasted for approximately 2 h and then decreased slowly. When a circulator was used, the gas concentration was very low (6 ampule, 0.8 ppm) and the antibacterial activity against S. aureus and E. coli was low. The level of reduction against S. aureus and E. coli was 2.98 log CFU/plate and 6.06 log CFU/plate, respectively, in the cabinet after 24 h without a circulator. The reduction against S. aureus KCTC1916 and E. coli KCTC1682 was 2.69 log CFU/plate and 4.41 log CFU/plate for 24 h, respectively.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.195-204
• /
• 2023

The drone's battery system uses lithium-ion or lithium-polymer batteries, and it is known that the cause of fire during the disposal process after using the drone is combustible gas from the battery being discarded. Most of the batteries in the disposal process generated oxygen, but a small amount of flammable gas was also generated, and a large amount of chlorine ions and sulfates were also detected in the equipment used for treatment. If a system that detects this early is configured, it will be possible to reduce the risk of accidents caused by discarded batteries.

• Proceedings of the Korea Air Pollution Research Association Conference
• /
• 2000.11a
• /
• pp.83-84
• /
• 2000

식물은 반휘발성유기화합물(Semivolatile organic compounds : 이하 SOCs)의 지구적인 순환과 먹이 연쇄에 있어서 중요한 역할을 한다. 또한 식물은 대기중 가스상 SOCs을 보유하고 입자상 SOCs를 제거하는 역할을 하기 때문에 대기를 정화하는데 중요한 기능을 한다(Lorber et al, 1993). SOCs 화합물 중 PCBs와 BHCs는 친지질성(lipophilic) 유기염소계 화합물로 식물의 뿌리를 통해서는 흡입되지 않고 대기중에서 식물잎의 표면에 존재하는 지질에 침착되므로 식물잎에 침착된 오염물질은 대기의 농도에 의존한다. (중략)

• 대한예방의학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 1996.10a
• /
• pp.287-288
• /
• 1996

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
• /
• v.2 no.4
• /
• pp.7-17
• /
• 1998

This study is to develop the consequence modeling methodology for quantitative prediction of the hazard distance(or toxic buffer distance) for two-phase flow continuous releases from the pressurized chlorine saturated liquid storage tank of the chemical plant facilities. The source term modeling was peformed by the refined analysis method based on USEPA's guideline and SuperChems model self-calculation, respectively. The hazard distance was predicted for STEL, IDLH and ERPGs(ERPG-2 and ERPG-3) concentrations being used as the toxic regultaion concentration in hazard estimation. To use as hazard estimation guideline for the establishment of the emergency response planning, the effects of source characteristics and meteorological vaiations on the hazard distance was especially considered for ERPG-2 concentration.

• Korean Journal of Materials Research
• /
• v.4 no.8
• /
• pp.934-944
• /
• 1994

Effects of residual chloride on thermal decomposition behaviour of a-stannic acid and physical properties of $SnO_{2}$ powder were observed. The powder was fabricated by hydroxide method; $\alpha$-stannic acid was precipitated by mixing acqueous solutions of $SnCl_{4}$ and $NH_{4}$OH . The precipitate was washed with $NH_{4}NO_{3}$ solution while washing was controlled to be of three grades to modify its residual chloride content. The precipitate was dried at $1100^{\circ}C$ ~ 24h and calcined in air at $500^{\circ}C$ ~ $1100^{\circ}C$ for one hour. Thermal decomposition behaviour of $\alpha$-stannic acid was examined by a DT-TGA and a FTIR. Chemical composition and physical properties of $SnO_{2}$ powder were observed by an AES, a BET and a TEM, respectively. With a reduction in chloride content, the relative crystallite size of $SnO_{2}$ powder slightly increased by a low-temperature-calcining. However, at a high calcining temperature(T), the reverse relation occured. It was suggested that chloride ion replaces part of lattice oxygen site of a-stannic acid. Also, chloride ion on the site was suggested to retard de-hydration as well as crystalization at a low T while to promote crystal growth of $SnO_{2}$ by forming oxygen vacancy at a high T.