• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제36권8호
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• pp.857-864
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• 2012

복사열손실을 받는 확산화염의 선형 안정성 해석을 수행하여 복사강도와 Damkohler 수에 대한 화염 불안정이 나타나는 조건을 확인하였다. 대향류 유동장을 모델로 하여 Lewis 수는 1로 가정하였다. 반응속도 제한에 의한 소염근처에서 교란의 증가율은 실수의 고유값을 가지며 안정한계는 정상상태 소염조건과 정확하게 일치한다. 반면에 복사 열손실에 의한 소염 영역 근처에서 증가율의 고유값은 복소수이며 정상상태 소염 전에 맥동 불안정성이 예측된다. 진동하는 화염온도가 양의 실수 고유값을 갖는 정상상태 화염온도 보다 클 경우에만 한계 순환 안정 특성이 나타난다. 만약 그 온도보다 작게 되면 화염은 회복되지 못하고 소염된다. 넓은 복사강도 범위에 대하여 복사 열손실에 의한 불안정성의 안정한계 곡선을 도시하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.405-412
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• 2006

In order to realize a stably propagating flame in a narrow channel, flame instabilities resulting from flame-wall interaction should be avoided. In particular flame quenching is a significant issue in micro combustion devices; quenching is caused either by excessive heat loss or by active radical adsorptions at the wall. In this paper, the relative significance of thermal and chemical effects on flame quenching is examined by means of quenching distance measurement. Emphasis is placed on the effects of surface defect density on flame quenching. To investigate chemical quenching phenomenon, thermally grown silicon oxide plates with well-defined defect distribution were prepared. ion implantation technique was used to control defect density, i.e. the number of oxygen vacancies. It has been found that when the surface temperature is under $300^{\circ}C$, the quenching distance is decreased on account of reduced heat loss; as the surface temperature is increased over $300^{\circ}C$, however, quenching distance is increased despite reduced heat loss effect. Such abberant behavior is caused by heterogeneous surface reactions between active radicals and surface defects. The higher defect density, the larger quenching distance. This result means that chemical quenching is governed by radical adsorption that can be parameterized by oxygen vacancy density on the surface.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권5호
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• pp.397-404
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• 2006

Effects of surface defect distribution on flame instability during flame-surface interaction are experimentally investigated. To examine chemical quenching phenomenon which is caused by radical adsorption and recombination processes on the surface, thermally grown silicon oxide plates with well-defined defect density were prepared. ion implantation technique was used to control the number of defects, i.e. oxygen vacancies. In an attempt to preferentially remove oxygen atoms from silicon dioxide surface, argon ions with low energy level from 3keV to 5keV were irradiated at the incident angle of $60^{\circ}$. Compositional and structural modification of $SiO_2$ induced by low-energy $Ar^+$ ion irradiation has been characterized by Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). It has been found that as the ion energy is increased, the number of structural defect is also increased and non-stoichiometric condition of $SiO_x({\le}2)$ is enhanced.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.493-500
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• 2014

Damk$\ddot{o}$hler수가 클 때 복사열손실에 의한 소염근처에서 셀모양의 대향류확산화염의 특성에 대하여 수치해석적으로 연구하였다. Lewis 수를 0.5로 두고 일차원 정상상태의 화염의 해에 매우 작은 교란을 가하여 시간에 따른 화염전개를 계산하였다. 천이과정 초기에는 선형안정성 해석에서 예측된 결과와 매우 비슷하게 진행된다. 시간이 증가함에 따라 증가율이 가장 강한 파동수를 갖는 교란파가 성장하고, 완전히 발달되면 소염영역과 화염영역이 번갈아 나타나는 셀모양의 화염구조를 갖는다. 화염온도는 총엔탈피의 국소 이득 때문에 일차원 정상상태의 화염온도보다 높다. 셀모양의 확산화염은 Damk$\ddot{o}$hler 수가 증가함에 따라 셀의 모양이 원형으로 되며 일차원 정상상태 소염조건보다 큰 Damk$\ddot{o}$hler 수에서도 셀모양의 화염은 꺼지지 않고 살아남는다.

• 한국추진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국추진공학회 2000년도 제15회 학술강연회논문초록집
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• pp.22-22
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• 2000

고체 추진제에서 연소실 압력이 급격히 변하는 비정상 상태에서의 연소 특성은 정상 상태와 다른 경향을 보인다. 고체 추진 시스템에서 안정적이고 필요한 성능을 얻기 위해서는 이러한 비정상 상태에서 일어나는 현상에 대한 예측이 필요하다. 고체 추진제에서 비정상 연소는 크게 두 가지 경우에 나타나게 된다. 그 중 하나는 소염을 위하여 연소실내 압력강하가 일어나는 경우이며, 다른 하나는 점화 후 압력이 상승하는 경우이다. 급격한 압력 강하로 인한 고체 추진제의 소염에 대하여 그 동안 많은 연구들이 진행되었다.(중략)

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.919-926
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• 2002

Down scaled combustor undergoes increased heat loss that results in incomplete combustion or quenching of the flame as a consequence. Therefore, effect of enhanced heat loss should be understood to design a MEMS scale combustion devices. Existing combustion models are inadequate for micro combustors because they were developed for analysis of regular scale combustor where heat loss can be ignored during the flame propagation. In this research a combustion model is proposed in order to estimate the heat loss and predict quenching limit of flame in a down scaled combustor. Heat loss in the burned region is expressed in a convective form as a product of wall surface area, heat transfer coefficient and temperature difference. Comparison to the measurements showed satisfactory agreement of the pressure and temperature drop. Quenching is accounted for by introducing a correlation of quenching parameter and heat loss. The present model predicted burnt fraction of gases with reasonable accuracy and proved to be applicable in thermal design of a micro combustor.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.351-358
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• 2008

Extinction characteristics of hydrogen-air diffusion flames at various pressures are investigated numerically by adopting counterflow flame configuration as a model flamelet. Especially, effect of radiative heat loss on flame extinction is emphasized. Only gas-phase radiation is considered here and it is assumed that $H_2O$ is the only radiating species. Radiation term depends on flame thickness, temperature, $H_2O$ concentration, and pressure. From the calculated flame structures at various pressures, flame thickness decreases with pressure, but its gradient decreases at high pressure. Flame temperature and mole fraction of $H_2O$ increase slightly with pressure. Accordingly, as pressure increases, radiative heat loss becomes dominant. When radiative heat loss is considered, radiation-induced extinction is observed at low strain rate in addition to transport-induced extinction. As pressure increases, flammable region, where flame is sustained, shifts to the high-temperature region and then, shrunk to the point on the coordinate plane of flame temperature and strain rate. The present numerical results show that radiative heat loss can reduce the operating range of a combustor significantly.

• 한국연소학회지
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2005

Incomplete combustion due to quenching in a narrow confinement has been a major problem for realization of a reliable micro combustion device. In most micro combustors, effects of flows are absent in the quenching because the flow is laminar and no severe stretch is present. In such circumstance, quenching is caused either by heat loss or by removal of active radicals to the wall surface of the confinement. An experimental investigation was carried out to investigate the relative significance of these two causes of quenching of a premixed flame. A premixed jet burner with a rectangular cross section at the exit was built. At the burner exit, the flame stands between two walls with adjustable distance. The gap between the two walls at which quenching occurs was measured at different wall surface conditions. The results were analyzed to estimate the relative significance of heat loss to the wall and the removal of radicals at the surface. The measurements indicated that the quenching distance was independent of the wall surface characteristics such as oxygen vacancy, grain boundary, or impurities at low temperature. At high temperature, however, the surface characteristics strongly affect the quenching distance, implying that radical removal at the wall plays a significant role in the quenching process.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

가스연소와 촉매연소 실험을 통해 열교환 연소기의 연소 및 소염한계에 대하여 레이놀즈 수에 적용하여 성능평가를 수행하였으며, 마이크로 스케일 연소 장치에 대한 적용 가능성에 대해 살펴보았다. 본 논문에서는 연소기의 특성을 살펴보기 위해 나선형 연소기의 물리적 크기와 회전수를 변화시킨 스위스롤 연소기를 제작하여 실험을 수행하였다. 또한 연소가스 분석을 통한 연소효율에 대해서도 살펴보았다. 실험 결과를 바탕으로 스위스롤 연소기의 최적 작동상태에 대해서도 분석하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.55-62
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• 2005

Combustion Characteristics and quenching criteria of micro combustor in various condition was exploited experimentally. Two different gases were used, and various geometric matrixes were considered to figure out quenching characteristic of micro combustor. The micro combustor studied in this study was constant volume, and has cylindrical shape. Geometric parameter of combustor was defined to be combustor height and diameter. The effect of height was exploited parametrically as 1 mm, 2mm and 3mm and the effect of diameter was parameterized to be 7.5mm and 15mm. Three different combustibles. (1) Stoichiometric mixture of methane and are, (2) Stoichiometric mixture of hydrogen and air and (3) Mixture of hydrogen and air with fuel stoichiometry of two were used. Pressure transition during combustion process was recovered. The ratio of maximum pressure to initial pressure responded favorably with the change of height of combustor and the initial pressure, the maximum pressure was also increased. The flame propagation was observed only when a specific condition was satisfied. From the experiment the condition that guarantees stable propagation of flame was tabulated. The tabulated results includes criteria of quenching according to combustor height, combustor diameter, species of fuel and initial pressure.