• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.38-42
• /
• 2008

Background and Objectives : This study was performed to investigate the perceptual and aerodynamic characteristics and the relation between vocal efficiency and the severity of strained voice. of adductor spasmodic dysphonia. Materials and Methods : 13 female patients with adductor spasmodic dysphonia were examined and compared with 10 normal female control group. MPT, MFR, Psub, Sound Intensity, VE(vocal efficiency) were obtained using PAS(Phonatory Aerodynamic System). GRBA(S) scale was used for Perceptual evaluation. Results : Psub(subglottic pressure) of SD was significantly higher than normal group. MPT, MFR, Sound Intensity, VE were not significantly different between two groups. Correlation between VE and 'S'(strained) was not significant. Conclusion : The results of this study show that certain aerodynamic parameters(Psub) distinguish adductor spasmodic dysphonia from normal voice.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.31 no.1
• /
• pp.35-38
• /
• 2020

Spasmodic dysphonia is a disease presumed to be a form of focal laryngeal dystonia. The widely used first-line treatment is botulinum toxin injection to the thyroarytenoid muscles. In spite of the effectiveness and safety of this method, it has a temporary effect that lasts only several months, resulting the patients' symptom fluctuating, called 'Botox rollercoaster.' Some surgical techniques had tried, but they had shown several limitations including high rate of recurrence. We tried thyroarytenoid myectomy with selective recurrent laryngeal nerve section in a patient with intractable spasmodic dysphonia. This procedure is an alternative treatment of spasmodic dysphonia to prevent recurrence and improve symptoms. During five years of follow-up, she has shown steady quality voice without any complication. To the best of our knowledgement, this is the longest follow-up case of this operation in South Korea.

• Journal of Digestive Cancer Research
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.58-61
• /
• 2017

5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) has been widely used in the treatment of various solid tumors. However, 5-FU cardiotoxicity is being reported with increasing frequency. The main symptom of cardiotoxicity is chest pain at rest with ischemic electrocardiographic changes. Up until now, the underlying mechanism has been suspected to be coronary artery spasm. However, this chest pain associated with 5-FU has several characteristics that are incompatible with coronary artery spasm; eg, inefficacy of calcium-channel blocker and a slow increase in cardiac enzyme levels. We experienced a case of 5-FU-induced cardiotoxicity which showed clinical findings consistent with acute myocardial infarction. Based on the clinical findings, coronary angiography, and no stenosis was noted. However, we concluded that the cardiotoxicity in this case was due to ischemia caused by coronary artery spasm. Because vasodilatator was effective and secondary attack was followed.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Inherited Metabolic disease
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.62-67
• /
• 2018

Hunter syndrome, also known as mucopolysaccharidosis Type II (MPS II), is one of the lysosomal storage diseases caused by a lack of the enzyme iduronate 2-sulfatase (I2S). Lack of the I2S enzyme activity leads to accumulation of the glycosaminoglycans (GAG), causing dysfunction of multiple organs and systems. MPS II is an X-linked recessive disease due to mutation of IDS gene located on long arm of the X chromosome (Xq28). To date, more than 350 mutations of IDS gene have been identified in Hunter syndrome. Phenotypes of MPS II are classified as either severe or attenuated depending on the degree of cognitive impairment. Because the phenotype of MPS II is related to the type of mutation, identifying mutations is useful in predicting prognosis. We recently had a case of MPS II diagnosed by exome sequencing in a 7 month old boy with infantile spasm uncontrolled by AED. He was diagnosed with hearing loss at 2 months of age, and he took vigabatrin and prednisolone to control infantile spasms diagnosed at 3 months of age. At 6 months of age, whole exome sequencing was performed to evaluate the infantile spasm and hearing loss in this patient, and the mutation c.851C>T (p.Pro284Leu) inherited from hemizygous mother was revealed. The results of urine Cetylpyridinium Chloride (CPC) precipitation test, which were negative until 8 months of age, were positive from 9 months of age. We report a case of MPS II diagnosed by exome sequencing and treated through enzyme replacement therapy from 9 months after birth.

• The Journal of Pediatrics of Korean Medicine
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.61-70
• /
• 2014

Objectives The purpose of this study is to report three cases of epileptic children who were treated by oriental medicine. Methods Three epileptic children were treated by Gwakhyangjeonggi-san and Kuibiondam-tang. Two children had took combination therapy; anti-epilepsy drugs and oriental medicines and the other one took only oriental medicines. We measured frequency and intensity of seizure, and observed general conditions. Results The oriental medicine treatment is not only reducing seizures, but also improving general condition like digestion, constipation and reducing frequency of common cold and symptom of rhinitis. Conclusions Epilepsy in childhood is induced by various factor like Fung (風), Dam (痰), Sik (食), Kyung (驚). We administrated oriental medicine and prevented seizures.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2016.07a
• /
• pp.309-310
• /
• 2016

Sealed flooded lead acid batteries are becoming popular in the industry because of their low cost as compared to their counterparts. State of Charge (SOC) estimation has always been an important factor in battery management systems. For the accurate SOC estimation, open circuit voltage (OCV) hysteresis should be modelled accurately. The hysteresis phenomenon of the sealed flooded lead acid battery is discussed in detail and its ultimate modeling is proposed based on the conventional parallelogram method. The SOC estimation is performed by using Unscented Kalman Filter (UKF) while the parameters of the battery are estimated using Auto Regressive with external input (ARX) method. The validity of the proposed method is verified by the experimental results. The SOC estimation error by the proposed method is less than 3 % all wing the 125hr test.

• Proceedings of the KIPE Conference
• /
• 2011.11a
• /
• pp.32-33
• /
• 2011

Recently, researches on SOC(State Of Charge) of batteries are being increased. Techniques of measuring the battery SOC is essential to researches on increasing cycle life of batteries and to electric vehicle battery charging systems. The surface charge phenomenon of lead storage batteries and the needs of SOC measuring techniques are considered. Features of SOC measuring techniques that have been recently developed are also considered.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.104-110
• /
• 2012

The usages of botulinum toxin were most commonly for the treatment of spasmodic dysphonia in the otolaryngology field. It has been not only widely used in otolaryngology-Head Neck surgery but also plastic surgery, ophthalmology, rehabilitation medicine, and orthopedics. Now botulinum toxin is used such as blepharospasm (excessive blinking), strabismus, cosmetic, muscle spasms, upper motor neuron syndrome, severe primary axillary hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating), cervical dystonia (spasmodic torticollis), chronic migraine, bruxism, and achalasia. The indication of this drug still gradually expanding with the times. In this articles, the author will demontrate how to use the botulinum toxin for treating cricopharyngeal spasm, arytenoid dislocation, sialocele, Frey syndrome, contact granuloma, bilateral vocal fold paralysis, and mutaional falsetto instead of conventional surgical treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.54-58
• /
• 1997

Spasmodic dysphonia is an uncommon and poorly understood disorder of motor control of laryngeal speech. We analysed 88 patients with spasmodic dysphonia, using chart review. These patients had historical information evaluated for age of onset(mean 39.2 years), duration of symptoms(mean 8.8 years), sex(4.2 : 1 female to male) family history(positive in 16.7%), and primary(84.8%) and secondary(15.2%) etiology : neurological evaluation for other dystonic involvement(40.7%). Eighty-three patients(94.3%) had adductor type of spasmodic dysphonia and 4 patients were abductor type and 1 patient was mixed type. All patients had normal thyroid and parathyroid functions and among 46cases, 8 patients had abnormal brain MRI finding. seventeen patients were evaluated by auditory brainstem response parameters. four out of the 17 patiemts had prolonged wave Ⅰ-Ⅴ interpeak latency.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.8 no.1
• /
• pp.95-100
• /
• 1999

대우자동차는 1992년 이래로 전기자동차 개발사업을 추진하고 있으며 1996년에는 전기자동차의 Fleet 운영시험을 위해 10대의 씨에로 개조형 전기자동차를 제작하였다. 이 씨에로 전기자동차에는 고성능 연축전지, 교류유도전동기, 탑재형 충전기 및 전동조향배력장치 등이 장착되어 있으며 고등기술연구원에서는 전기자동차의 Fleet 운영시험의 일환으로 시외 일반도로 운행조건에서 전기자동차의 에너지비용을 조사하기 위한 연구를 수행하였다. 두 대의 씨에로 전기자동차를 용인시와 안성군 지역의 일반도로에서 1998년 4월부터 운행하였으며 이 운행시험 결과를 바탕으로 일반도로 주행조건에서 씨에로 전기자동차의 에너지비용과 동급의 가솔린자동차인 씨에로 1.5DOHC A/T 차량의 에너지비용을 계산하였다. 두 대의 전기자동차중 한 대의 연비는 5.7 km/kWh이었으며, 다른 한 대의 연비는 5.8 km/kWh이었다. 이에 비해 가솔린자동차의 연비는 13.7 km/l로 년간 20,000 km를 주행한다고 가정할 때 가솔린자동차의 년간 주행비용은 전기자동차의 3.4∼18.0배가 되는 것으로 나타났다. 이 시험을 통해 향후 전기자동차의 개발을 위해 유용하고 가치있는 많은 데이터를 얻었다.