• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.111 no.1
• /
• pp.177-185
• /
• 2022

In this study, the economic feasibility of a local energy facility that uses forest biomass as an energy source was assessed. We analyzed profitability using data from the Forest Energy Self-sufficient Village Project financed by the Korea Forest Service. The energy facility has a cogeneration generator and wood chip boiler. Wood chip, which has lower heat value and is cheaper than wood pellets, is used as fuel. Revenue comes from the sale of electricity, heat, and renewable energy certificates. Additionally, we considered the sale of carbon credits as substitutes for fossil fuels. The expenditure consists of fuel costs and fixed costs, and the initial investment is treated as a sunk cost. Under the condition of a 55% operation rate and wood chip price of 95,000 KRW per ton, the annual net revenue is positive. Crucial factors for managing the facility sustainably are operation rate and fuel cost. A simulation in which two factors were changed showed that the annual net revenue is negative with a 50% operation rate and 100,000 KRW per ton of wood chip price. To improve net revenue, an increase in the operation rate or a decrease in the wood chip price is required. Additionally, selling carbon credits will make the operation of the facility more profitable. Furthermore, the payment required to procure wood chips could contribute to the rural economy. To foster the use of forest biomass for energy, the price for heat supplied from renewable energy sources should be subsidized.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.448-454
• /
• 2010

The strengthened regulations for atmospheric emissions from ships have caused a necessity of new, alternative power system in ships for the low pollutant emissions and the high energy efficiency. Recently, new kinds of propulsion power system such as fuel cell system, which use hydrogen as an energy source, have been sincerely considered. The purpose of this work is to predict the performance of methanol fueled SOFC system and to analyze the influence of operating temperature, current density, S/C, and $H_2$ utilization ratio.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.34 no.4
• /
• pp.417-422
• /
• 2010

Low temperature diesel combustion was achieved via a combination of late injection timing ($8.5^{\circ}$ CA BTDC to $0.5^{\circ}$ CA BTDC) and heavy exhaust gas recirculation (37% to 48%) with ultra low sulfur Swedish diesel fuel in a 1.7L common rail direct injection diesel engine. When injection timing is retarded at a certain exhaust gas recirculation rate, the particulate matter and nitrogen oxides decease simultaneously, while the hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide increase. Hydrocarbon speciation by gas chromatography using a flame ionization detector reveals that the ratio of partially burned hydrocarbon, i.e., mainly alkenes increase as the injection timing is retarded and exhaust gas recirculation is increased. The two most abundant hydrocarbon species are ethene which is a representative species of partially burned hydrocarbons, and n-undecane, which is a representative species of unburned hydrocarbons. They may be used as surrogate hydrocarbon species for performing a bench flow reactor test for catalyst development.

• Journal of Energy Engineering
• /
• v.2 no.1
• /
• pp.75-82
• /
• 1993

A 50 ㎾ phosphoric acid fuel cell(PAFC) system using natural gas was simulated for steady state with the commercial software, ASPEN PLUS. The USER block and the FORTRAN block were prepared to simulate the cell. The changes of hydrogen yield according to the variation of several operating conditions were examined and the operating conditions to maximize hydrogen yield were obtained. The simulation results agree with the real data, which can be used to prepare the basic process data and the optimal conditions for the domestic commercial fuel cell system. H$_2$utilization rate over 50% should be maintained to achieve the efficiency of the conventional electricity generation. Energy consumption can be reduced by utilizing the heat released from the reformer and the cell which are operated at high temperatures.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
• /
• v.16 no.6
• /
• pp.23-31
• /
• 2012

Present work deals three families of $SiO_2$ gelling agents which have been used to produce gel fuel based on Kerosene. Jet A-1 is chosen as fuel where power-law rheological model is used to confirm whether or not the gelification is achieved depending on the %wt of gellant. It was confirmed that the produced jelly-like substance have shear-thinning effect, and that its apparent viscosity increases as $SiO_2$ concentration increases. Compared to other gellants, gel with Aerosil(R) R972 fits most to the power-law model, while gels with Silica 230 and Silica 530 deviate from the power-law model. The rheological characteristics behaved differently depending on the mixing method(vortex mixing and manual mixing) when gellant concentration is increased.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2011.05a
• /
• pp.93.1-93.1
• /
• 2011

To obtain higher power efficiency of Residential Power Generation System(RPG), it is needed to operate system on optimized stoichiometric ratio of fuel and air. In this paper, optimizing stoichiometric ratio of fuel/air is conducted through systematic experiments and modeling. Based on fundamental principles and experimental data, constraints are chosen. Using these stoichiometric ratios as decision variables, maximum power efficiency of system could be found. As a result of research, power efficiency of RPG system is improved.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
• /
• v.49 no.4
• /
• pp.423-431
• /
• 2011

Recentincreasing awareness of the environmental damage caused by the $CO_2$ emission of fossil fuelsstimulated the interest in alternative and renewable sources of energy. Fuel cell is a representative example of hydrogen energy utilization. In this study, Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell system is simulated by using $Aspen^{TM}$. Stack model is consisted of equilibrium reaction equations using $ACM^{TM}$(Aspen Custom Modeler). Balance of process of fuel cell system is developed in Aspen $Plus^{TM}$ and simulated at steady-state. Analysis of performance of the system is carried out by using sensitivity analysis tool with main operating parameters such as current density, S/C ratio, and fuel utilization and recycle ratio.In Aspen $Dynamics^{TM}$, dynamics of MCFC system is simulated with PID control loops. From the simulation, we proposed operation range which generated maximum power and efficiency in MCFC power plant.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.41 no.6
• /
• pp.594-605
• /
• 2013

This study was performed to analyze GHG (Greenhouse gas) reduction effectiveness and economic feasibility in the wood pellet fuel switching project using JCDM (Japan Clean Development Mechanism) and KVER (Korea Voluntary Emission Reduction)data. The major data for the analyses consist of investment costs, annual GHG reductions, fuel prices and GHG credit prices. The wood pellet fuel switching projects are the $CO_2$-zero projects. Therefore, these projects are essential to accomplish the GHG mitigation target, especially in Korea. In order to raise the economic feasibility of the wood pellet fuel switching project, the results of this study suggest that the Korean government should reduce the price of wood pellet through the supply on a large scale and raise the KCER price of wood pellet fuel switching project.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
• /
• v.34 no.9
• /
• pp.1273-1279
• /
• 2010

Pressure tubes at the CANada Deuterium Uranium (CANDU) nuclear power plants are periodically inspected in accordance with the CSA N285.4 code. If flaws that do not satisfy the criteria given in CSA N285.4 are detected, the code permits a fitness-for-service assessment to determine the acceptability of the flawed pressure tubes. In this paper, the Wolsong In-service Evaluation System (WIES) is introduced; this system has been developed for the assessment of the flawed pressure tubes and is based on CSA N285.8. Since the system evaluates the integrity of flawed pressure tubes exactly and promptly during an in-service inspection, it will help in operating the Wolsong nuclear power plants without prolonging the outage period.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 2009.06a
• /
• pp.208-211
• /
• 2009

제4차 전력수급기본계획(2008-2022)과 제3차 신 재생에너지 기술개발 및 이용.보급계획에 의거하여 전력산업기반기금을 통해 우선 구매되는 풍력발전이 계통한계가격(SMP, System Marginal Price)에 미치는 영향을 점검하였다. 제4차 전력수급기본계획(2008-2022)에서 향후의 전원설비건설계획과 전력수요를 참고하고, 제3차 신 재생에너지 기술개발 및 이용 보급계획에 의거, 풍력발전보급계획을 반영하였다. 발전변동비의 변화는 미래의 화석연료변동에 따를 것으로 보아 명목상승률 3%, 6%, 그리고 8%의 경우를 검토하였다. 현재는 풍력발전용량이 전체발전용량에 비해 미미해서 SMP에 큰 변화를 가져다주지 못하고 있지만 2014년에는 SMP가 결정되는 구간이 LNG발전기에서 유연탄발전기로 옮겨감에 따라 SMP차이가 최대 20.02[\/KWh](발전 비용 명목 상승률8%)에 달하다가 2020년에는 다시 0[\/KWh](발전비용 명목상승률8%)으로 줄어드는 것으로 분석되었다.