• LP가스
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• s.83
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• pp.59-70
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• 2003

산업연구원은 최근 "차량연료간 적정가격 비율 연구"에 대한 최종보고서를 통해 휘발유:경유:LPG의 가격비는 100:80-85:44-47이 적당하다고 밝혔다. 요약분과 방법별 가격비율 조정결과를 게재한다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.264-270
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• 2016

This Study is to into fuel using a torrefation reaction to food waste. When the fuel of only food waste alone, fuel value is was performed at a ratio of sewage sludge constant attempts to prevent low. Mixing ratios of food waste and sewage sludge, 10:0, 8:2, 6:4, 5:5. Regardless mixing ratio, it was possible to confirm that decreases the moisture content of 10% or less at a reaction temperature of $240^{\circ}C$ or higher. As the ratio of the reaction temperature and the sewage sludge is high, the fixed carbon content is increased. It was measured at up to 36%(mixing ratios6:4, reaction temperature $270^{\circ}C$) from the initial 1.1%. From the reaction temperature $240^{\circ}C$ satisfied with 3000Kcal/Kg or more is a SRF criteria shows the calorific value. It was possible to obtain a heating value that is increased from the raw sample approximately sextuple. As reaction temperature is heightened, Van krevelen Diagram moved to the range of Lignite range. It was possible to obtain high fuel ratio and 5,500Kcal/kg or less of a combustility index as the sewage sludge mixing ratio becomes high. Increase the fixed carbon content, than those food waste alone solid fuel into and improved fuel costs, it is necessary to ensure that the quality of the fuel is improved.

• LP가스
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• s.81
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• pp.59-62
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• 2002

최근 우리회와 LPG수입사는 산업연구원고 "차량연료간 적정가격비율 연구"에 대한 용역계약을 체결했다.

• Plant Journal
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.39-45
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• 2016

Each of fuel consumption per hour was measured at the 320 MW and 380 MW generator output while changing mixing ratio of bio fuel oil to 50%, 80% and 100%. Fuel consumption per hour was increased from 11.0% to 20.4% as mixing ratio of bio fuel oil was changed from 50% to 100% at the 320 MW generator output comparing with fuel consumption per hour in case of bunker-C oil single firing. Fuel consumption per hour was also increased from 12.0% to 21.1% as mixing ratio of bio fuel oil was changed from 50% to 100% at the generator output 380 MW. Furthermore, it was confirmed that plant efficiency was decreased as mixing ratio of bio fuel oil was increased from 50% to 100% as a result that plant efficiency was calculated using the measured fuel consumption per hour, the generator output and the gross heating value.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.38 no.9
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• pp.763-771
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• 2014

As a preliminary study on the spray behavior characteristics of emulsified fuel, the fuel properties (viscosity, surface tension, and density) and evaporation characteristics of a fuel droplet were investigated. The emulsified fuel was made by mixing diesel and $H_2O_2$. In addition, the macroscopic spray behavior characteristics such as the spray penetrations and spray angles of the emulsified and diesel fuels were compared. The stirring condition of the emulsified fuel was a 9:1 mixture of the diesel fuel and the surfactant span 80. The mixing ratios for the hydrogen peroxide were set at EF2, EF12, EF22, EF32, EF42, EF52, EF62, EF72, EF82, and EF92. The injection pressures were set at 400, 600, 800, and 1000 bar. We found that as the mixing ratio of the hydrogen peroxide was increased from EF2 to EF52, the viscosity of the emulsified fuel increased. However, afterward, the viscosity of the emulsified fuel gradually decreased and approached the viscosity value of the diesel fuel. Therefore, generally oil-in-water emulsions were used for the hydrogen peroxide mixing ratios up to 52 (EF52), and water-in-oil emulsions were used for the hydrogen peroxide mixing ratios above 52. Finally, the spray behavior characteristics (spray penetration and spray angle) of the emulsified fuel were found to be almost independent of the mixing ratio.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.356-359
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• 2006

고분자전해질 연료전지의 MEA를 CCM (Catalyst Coated Membrane) CCS(Catalyst Coated Substrate) 형태로 각각 제조하고 백금담지 비율이 서로 다른 백금 담지촉매를 각각 적응하여 MEA를 CCM형태로 제조하여 단위전지 성능평가를 수행하였다 백금담지 비율이 다른 촉매를 적용한 CCM형태 MEA의 표면을 SEM (scanning electron microscopy)으로 분석하였으며, 단위전지 성능평가를 수행하는 동시에 EIS (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy)를 통하여 MEA의 저항을 분석하였다. 고분자전해질 연료전지의 성능은 MEA의 제조방법과 백금담지 촉매의 백금담지비율에 따라 크게 변함을 확인 할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2008.08a
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• pp.67-72
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• 2008

본 논문에서는 하이브리드 차량 내부 전기모터의 등판 마력값과 회전 RPM, 흡기온도 센서의 온도 변화와 공기 및 연료의 혼합비율인 공연비에 대해 퍼지 제어 기법을 적용하여 차량의 연료 소비를 제어하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안된 기법에서는 초기 가속부분에서 등판 마력간과 회전 RPM을 퍼지제어 규칙에 의해 전기모터와 엔진의 사용비율을 제어하고, 엔진이 가동될 때 각각의 공기유입량과 연료 분사량을 이용하여 공연비 수치를 구한 후, 공연비, 흡기온도, 최종 연료 보정량에 대해 설정된 피지 소속 함수와 퍼지 추론 규칙에 따라 차량 연료를 제어한다. 시뮬레이션을 통하여 실험한 결과, 제안된 퍼지 제어 기법을 이용한 엔진 및 연료 제어 방법이 퍼지기법을 적용하지 않은 제어방법보다 평균연비가 개선되어 제안된 연료 제어 방법이 효율적임을 확인하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2014.02a
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• pp.245.2-245.2
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• 2014

홀 방식 이온빔 소스는 방전 채널 내부에 중성기체 및 전자를 주입하여 플라즈마를 생성하며, 생성된 이온들은 자기장에 의해 구속된 전자들과 양극이 만드는 전기장에 의해 가속되어 이온 빔을 발생시킨다. 홀 방식 이온빔 소스에는 고리형 소스와 원통형 소스가 있으며, 기하학적 구조 및 자기장 구조가 달라 발생되는 이온전류, 가속효율, 연료효율, 이온화 비율 등 플라즈마 특성이 다르다. 특히, 플라즈마의 이온화 비율은 이온빔 소스의 방전 전류 및 연료효율에 영향을 미치며, 다중전하를 띤 이온의 높은 에너지는 채널벽의 침식 문제를 야기하는 등 이온빔의 전하량 분석 연구는 물리적 연구측면 뿐만 아니라 실용적인 측면에서도 매우 중요하다. 원통형 소스의 경우 연료효율이 100% 이상으로, 이온화 효율이 매우 높아 발생되는 이온의 가속효율도 높게 나타난다. 본 연구에서는, 이를 통해 다중이온을 진단할 수 있는 ExB 탐침을 개발하여, 다중이온의 생성 비율과 연료 효율과의 관계를 살펴보았다. 이온전위지연 탐침과 패러데이 탐침을 이용하여 채널 및 자기장 구조에 따른 전류 분포 및 이온에너지분포를 측정하였으며, 이온 빔의 효율 및 플라즈마 특성을 분석하였다.

• JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL WORLD
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• no.3 s.28
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• pp.23-26
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• 1973

세계의 연료자원 채굴이 현재 그 비율대로 나아간다면 서기 2,000년에는 극도로 연료의 부족을 초래하게 될 것이다. 그렇게 되면 잔여자원 속에서 가장 유효하게 사용할 수 있는 방법을 모색하게 될 것임에 틀림이 없다. 이러한 문제에 대해서 미국의 퀸${cdot}$메리대학 교수인 트링씨의 구상과 의견을 여기에 소개한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.72-79
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• 1987

In this paper, an investigation of the property of blended fuel oil, combustion characteristics and engine performance was made, in case blended fuel oil(light oil+heavy oil) was used in a home-made precombustion diesel engine for small-sized fishing boat. The results may be summarized as follows: 1. The specific gravity was linearly increased in accordance with the increase in heavy oil ratio in blended fuel oil, and the relationship between viscosity and temperature was coincided with the formula of Walther-ASTM, and the CCAI, the ignition quality index, was increased nearly as a straight line of the gradient 1.0. 2. The ignition delay was slightly increased below 810 of CCAI(blending ratio to be 60% of heavy oil), but remarkably increased above 810 of CCAI. Therefore, it was considered that the practicable value of CCAI, ignition quality of blended fuel oil, was more than 810. 3. The maximum combustion pressure was increased until blending ratio of heavy oil was raised up to 40%. On the contrary, it came to be decreased at that ratio, with smoke emissions remarkably increasing above 60%. Therefore, it was found in this experiment that the best practicable limit of heavy oil blending ratio was around 50% for saving fuel costs with least smoke emissions.