• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.102-109
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• 2008

The aims of this study were to evaluate dental caries status and to analyze the dental caries related factors which could explain the relationship between dental caries and disabled type, severity of handicap, and oral health behaviors among disabled children and adolescent in Korea. A total of 677 subjects aged from 6 to 18 were finally selected by stratified cluster sampling. They were examined by 13 trained dentists and interviewed with questionnaire. For the crude and adjusted associations, bivariate and multivariate analysis were performed using SPSS program(SPSS Inc, Chicago, USA). DMFT index were 0.90(ages 6-8), 2.32(ages 9-11), 3.63(ages 12-14) and 4.93(ages 15-17), respectively. The DMFT index was significantly related to age, frequency and dependency of toothbrushing, and mastication and functional disorder. Specialized preventive care program which accounted the age and toothbrushing instruction be developed and adapted to promote oral health status and behaviors of disabled children and adolescent in Korea.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.121-129
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• 2006

Prevalence of refractive error have revealed variation in relation to ethnicity, educational level, age, gender, and social economic status. Especially prevalence of refractive error varies by country, estimation of prevalence of refractive error have shown increase in Asia than in Western world. The present report aimed to investigate the prevalence of refractive errors by the age and gender in Korean population without eye disease. A total of 960 subjects were sampled and their refractive error was determined using Auto refractometer. Prevalence of emmetropia was 29% and that for myopia and hyperopia was 67%, 4%, respectively. Astigmatism was 22%, and the simple astigmatism was 1%. However the compound astigmatism was 99%. Prevalence of refractive errors differed significantly among age and gender group in our results. The percentages of with-the-rule, against-the-rule and oblique astigmatism among people with astigmatism were 36.6%, 20.7% and 42.7% for right eye and 31.8%, 10% and 58.1% for left eye.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.315-320
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• 2013

We have investigated the variation of spherical aberration of the anterior and posterior surface in a Korean sample population with various age between 20 to 71 years old. We used Pentacam (Oculus Inc., Germany) to measure the corneal radius, asphericity, and spherical aberration of 290 patients with normal cornea. There were negative correlation between corneal anterior radius and spherical aberration(r = -0.22, p<0.0001), and, there were negative correlation between corneal posterior radius and spherical aberration(r=-0.27, p < 0.0001). There were positive correlation between anterior asphericity and spherical aberration(r = 0.24, p < 0.0001), however there were negative correlation between posterior asphericity and spherical aberration(r = -0.17, p=0.00288).The average of anterior spherical aberration and posterior spherical aberration was $0.482{\pm}0.099{\mu}m$ and $-0.098{\pm}0.029{\mu}m$. The average of spherical aberration was $0.385{\pm}0.097{\mu}m$. There were significant positive correlations between anterior spherical aberration and age(r = 0.227, p<0.0001), and there were positive correlations between posterior aberration and age(r = 0.349, p<0.0001). It is considered that this data can be used as basic information for furture studies for improving the quality of vision of modern human and, through the analysis of the spherical aberration of cornea was to provide a better understanding of the optical part of the Korean's eye.

• 한국노년학
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.23-32
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to identify lifestyle types for Koreans' time use through the 2014 National Time Survey. In this 2014 national life time survey data, the required maintenance time, mandatory time, and free time presented in the triangle model were divided into three areas, and compared and analyzed by age and region. In this type of lifestyle, teenagers, people in their 20s and 50s were given reasonable life-seeking, people in their 30s and 40s were given achievement-seeking, and people in their 60s, 70s and 80s were given passive real-life seeking. The required maintenance time of each regional lifestyle activity was Jeonbuk, Ulsan, and Gangwon took up the most time during free time. The higher the age, the higher the satisfaction level of each age, the higher the satisfaction level of life, while the satisfaction level of each region was the highest in Daejeon and the lowest in Ulsan. The satisfaction level for each lifestyle type was higher, followed by rational life pursuit, achievement pursuit and passive reality. It seems that systematic research on lifestyle will be needed in future studies through the diversification of areas of time, classification according to leisure characteristics, and type of lifestyle.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.370-382
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of health promoting behaviors and the significant factors in rural elderly(young-old vs old-old). Methods: The data was collected using structured questionnaires from June 22th to Sep. 18th, 2009. A total of 556 elderly aged 65 years or over were selected from 14 rural districts in C province, South Korea. Age was divided into two groups as below 65-74 and 75 or older. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on the demographic characteristics, their perceived health status, the difficulty of activities of daily living, quality of life, self-efficacy and health promoting behaviors. The health promoting behaviors included nutrition, stress management, interpersonal support, exercise, health responsibility and self-actualization. The scores for health promoting behaviors were used mean and standard deviation. The data was analyzed using SPSS Win 12.0. Results: Of the 556 subjects, we found that the young-old(65-74 aged) were 359 and the old-old elderly(over 75 aged) were 197. We found that the level of health promoting behavior was higher for young-old ($2.75{\pm}0.374$) compared to old-old elderly people ($2.67{\pm}0.399$). In multiple linear regression, quality of life, self-efficacy, living with spouse, and number of generation living together for the young-old, and quality of life for old-old elderly were significantly associated with health promoting behaviors. Conclusions: The study findings indicate that there are age differences in associated factor of health promoting behaviors. Therefore our findings may provide useful assistance in developing effective intervention programs to improve health promoting behavior of the elderly in rural areas according to their age differences.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.46 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2003

Purpose : Recently, different results about factors affecting accurate quantitation of 24-hr urinary protein(24UP) amount using spot urine protein/creatinine ratio(PCR) have been reported. The current study was designed to evaluate correlation between 24UP amounts and PCR in children, and the effect of 24UP amounts, age, sex, and glomerular filtration rate(GFR) on this correlation. Methods : Among 94 patients who visited the department of pediatrics in Busan Paik Hospital from March 2002 to August 2002, 68 patients whose urinary creatinine excretion was ${\geq}15mg/kg/day$ were included in this study. All the patients were divided into I, II/A, B group(I : 24UP<500 mg/day, II : $24UP{\geq}500mg/day$, A : <10 years of age, B : ${\geq}10years$ of age). Pearson correlation analysis was performed between 24UP and PCR to evaluate the relationship. We defined fractional difference between 24UP and PCR, and then performed multiple regression analysis with 24UP amount, age, GFR and fractional difference. Results : There was a strong positive linear correlation between 24UP and PCR(R=0.936, P<0.0001) in all patients, and the correlation was also good in each group. Using PCR cutoff values of 0.5, the PCR provided high sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive value in predicting 24UP amount ${\geq}500mg$. The factors affecting accurate quantitation of proteinuria using spot urine PCR was age, not 24UP amount, GFR or sex. Conclusion : Spot urine PCR is a useful test but has limitations in predicting 24UP amount. Therefore, it should be used only as screening method. Age-adjusted PCR cutoff values may be necessary to predict 24UP amount in children with proteinuria.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.48 no.11
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• pp.1244-1251
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• 2005

Purpose : $Henoch-Sch{\ddot{o}}nlein$ purpura(HSP) is the most common and benign systemic vasculitis in children. Few reports have focused on worse outcomes of HSP in adults. The age of onset is suggested as a main risk factor. We assessed the characteristics of adolescent-onset HSP. Methods : We retrospectively analyzed 205 cases presented from Aug. 1993 to Oct. 2003. Patients were classified as children(<10 years of age), adolescents(10-20 years of age), and adults(>20 years of age). Results : The mean age was $5.7{\pm}1.8years$ in 149 children, $13.5{\pm}2.4years$ in 38 adolescents, and $44.9{\pm}14.5years$ in 18 adults. The male to female ratio was 1.2 : 1 in children and adolescents, and 2 : 1 in adults. Previous upper respiratory infections were found in 53.4 percent of children, 32.4 percent of adolescents, and 33.3 percent of adults. Positivity of stool occult blood was more frequent in adults(50.5 percent) than in children(23.0 percent)(P<0.05). Renal involvement was found in 46 cases (30.9 percent) of children, 23 cases(60.5 percent) of adolescents, and 15 cases(83.3 percent) of adults. Recurrences occurred in 23 cases(15.4 percent) of children, nine cases(23.7 percent) of adolescents, and three cases(16.7 percent) of adults. Among the cases with renal involvement, 97.8 percent of children and 87.0 percent of adolescents improved to normal or asymptomatic urinary abnormalities. 60.0 percent of adults persisted with severe nephropathy and 13.3 percent progressed to renal insufficiency. Conclusion : Although the outcome of adolescent HSP was as good as children, the clinical manifestations were similar to those of adults. Adolescents had the highest rate of recurrences. Thus long term observations may be needed in adolescent onset HSP.

• Proceedings of the KOR-BRONCHOESO Conference
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• 1993.05a
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• pp.97-97
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• 1993

Primary tumor arises infrequently in the parotid gland and generally, only about 20 to 40 percent of which prove to be malignant. They are characterized by histopathologic diversity, slow tumor growth, significant proportion of patients who have received previous treatment elsewhere. We have reviewed retrospectively 101 cases of parotid gland tumors which were treated for the recent eight years (1985-1992), Non-neoplastic tumor-like lesions were all excluded.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.603-614
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to classify latent profiles based on SNS addictive tendencies of married women and to examine the effects of age, adult attachment, extrinsic motivation of the fear of missing out and marriage satisfaction. A total of 300 married women who have been using SNS participated in this study. The result indicated that there were three latent profiles for SNS addictive tendencies of married women : (1) high-risk group (2) potential-risk group (3) low-risk group. The high-risk group had high scores in all sub-areas (obsession and withdrawal symptoms, over-communication and immersion, over-consumption). The high-risk group accounted for 24.51% of the total and the potential-risk group was 44.33%, which had the highest proportion of them. While attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance, extrinsic motivation of the fear of missing out, and marriage satisfaction were significant determinants of latent profiles, age was not. This study divided groups according to the characteristics of married women's SNS addiction tendencies and provided implications for counseling and education according to group characteristics, and discussed the need for various research through the development of standardized SNS addiction scale for married women.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.29 no.2 s.73
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• pp.267-276
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• 1999

Distributions trends were examined in 9159 malocclusion patients who had been examined and diagnosed at Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry Yonsei University over a 6 year-period from 1992 to 1997. The results were as follows ; 1. The total number of orthodontic patients in 1997 increased in comparing with that of 1992(86%) and after 1995, the number of annual patients showed an increase. 2. Age distribution had shown over-19 year-old group being the largest(39.9%) but percentages of pre-adolescent patients had been decreasing while that of adult patient had gradually increased. 3. Distributions in the types of malocclusion, the Angle's Classification had shown : 33.3% for Class I, 28.6% for Class II and the largest 38.1% for Class III. 4. Among Class I patients, crowding showed the largest(32.6%) and protrusion group had gradually increased to 33.9% in 1996. Otherwise openbite and crossbite groups tend to decrease, annually. 5. Geographic distribution showed a majority of patients from Seoul(above 70%). Among the patients from Seoul, group within the distance 3-6Km from Yonsei dental hospital was the largest(32.3%) and group within 9Km showed 69% of total patients.