• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.87-97
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• 2000

One week survey to investigate the prevalence rate and clinical characteristics of laryngopharyngeal reflux symptoms in Korea. The subject(n=7,704 patients) was newly enrolled patients at the out patient clinic in 90 ENT departments of resident training hospitals and 11 local clinics, which were voluntarily participated in the study 1) Twenty five percent of all enrolled patients has LPR-related symptoms or clinical findings from the examination by ENT specialists. 2) Among e name of LPR-related diagnosis, globus syndrome was e most common, and follows by reflux laryngitis, and chronic laryngitis. 3) Women was more prevalent than men, and it is common in 5th, 6th, and 7th decades, which seems to be related with aging process. 4) Most popular symtoms of LPR. were globus sensation, conic throat clearing, and hoarseness of unknown origin. 5) Aggravating factors of LPR-related symptoms were tiredness, mental stress, drink alcohol, cigarettes smoking, spicy food, and drinking coffee. 6) LPR-related symptoms were more common in professional voice users. 7) In past medical history, diseases of stomach and tonsillitis were most common.

• Journal of Korean Medicine for Obesity Research
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.87-96
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• 2007

Objectives : This study was performed to evaluate the effect of oriental medical treatment on aged female obese patient. Methods : We experienced an aged female obese patient. We applied herbal medication(Choweseuncheng-tang), electrolipolysis, auricular acupuncture to her from 26th, March. 2007 to 25th, May. 2007. And we examined the changes of her weight, body composition, body size, skin resistance variability, visual analogue scale of knee pain. Results : 1. Her weight decreased from 73.5kg to 71.1kg and body mass index(BMI) decreased from $29.46kg/m^2$ to $28.11kg/m^2$. 2. Body fat mass(BFM) decreased from 25.7kg to 21.6kg but body muscle mass(BMM) increased from 45.1kg to 46.7kg. 3. Waist-hip ratio(WHR) decreased from 0.96 to 0.92. 4. Basal metabolic rate(BMR) increased from 1,273kcal to 1,314kcal. 5. The circumference of upper extremity decreased 1.03cm and lower extremity decreased 1.30cm but the circumference of the muscle of upper extremity increased 0.41cm and lower extremity increased 0.63cm. 6. The circumference of chest and hip are decreased. In addition to the circumference and fat of abdomen are decreased. 7. The visual analogue scale of knee pain is improved. Conclusions : According to above results, oriental medical treatment could be used safety to aged obese patients without loss of fat free mass. The study is more required to aged obese patient from now on.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.303-314
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• 2002

The colors of apparel have become an important element to be used strategically in order to give differentiated character at the level of fiber and fabric production. The colors of apparel have a close relationship with the skin colors of consumers and their preference colors. This study was carried out to classify the skin colors of Korean elderly women into several similar skin colors and to analyse their preference colors. Sample size was 471 Korean elderly women. With color spectrometer, JX-777, we measured 4 points of the body; cheek with removing cosmetics off, forehead, rear neck and arm on the interior part near elbow. All subjects had been shown with 40 color chips and answered the preference colors of apparel and the preference colors. Data weirs analysed to classify skin colors using K-means Cluster Analysis and Duncan test. Independent variables for Cluster Analysis were 12 variables out of L value, a value and b value of 4 points. In doing so, we used SPSS WIN 10 statistical package. Findings were as follows: 1) The skin colors of the Korean elderly women were composed of skin colors of YR, R, and Y. 2) 355 subjects were classified into 4 kinds of skin color groups. 3) The average face color of type 1 was 6.7YR 5.1/4.3 and 56 observations out of 355 subjects were composed of Type 1 and of Type 2 was 6.1YR 6.1/4.5 and 166 observations out of 355 and of 3 Type 6. YR 4.8/4.2 and 75 observations out of 355 and of Type was 6.17 YR 5.7/4.7 and 58 observations out of 355. 4) The average skin color of Type 1 was 7.0YR 5.9/4.4 and of Type 2 was 7.2YR 6.3/4.2 and of Type 3 was 7.0YR 6.2/4.2 and of Type 4 was 7.6YR 5.4/4.2 respectively. 5) The mean values of 12 variables between the 4 classified face color and skin color groups showed significantly different except H value of skin color. 6) All 4 groups showed that the most preference color of apparel and the most preference color were 2.5R 5/14 respectively.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.2
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• pp.1-23
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• 1991

농촌주민들의 영양 섭취실태에 대한 동향을 요약해 보면 1. 총 섭취식품중 약 90% 정도를 식물성식품으로써 섭취하고 있으며, 곡류가 차지하는 비율은 점차 감소되는 반면 콩류, 채소류 및 과일류의 섭취 비율은 현저히 증가하고 있다. 2. 총 열량섭취는 감소하는 추세이고 총열량에 대한 탄수화물 :단백질 :지방의 비율이 74 : 12 : 12의 수준이다. 총 단백질 섭취에 대한 동물성 단백질 섭취율은 36%로써 질적으로 바람직하게 변화되고 있다. 칼슘의 섭취수준이 권장량의 90%정도로서 조금 부족한 듯 하지만 철분, 비타민 등 대체로 영양섭취상태는 많이 개선되었음을 알 수 있다. 3. 농촌 영아들의 경우는 모든 영양소가 권장량에 현저히 미달되는 상태이다. 이유식품 개발 및 이유 방법에 대한 상담 지도가 적극 필요한 실정이다. 4. 새마을 유아원의 설치 및 유아급식의 혜택으로 농촌 유아들의 영양 섭취 상태는 두드러지게 개선되었으나 철분섭취 상태는 권장량에 미달되는 실정이다. 취학전 아동의 영양향상을 위해서는 유아 교육시설 확충 및 간식의 중요성에 대한 농촌 주부 대상의 영양 교육 확대 실시가 요청된다. 5. 국민학교 아동들에게서는 빈혈의 발생 빈도가 높게 나타났다. 성장 발육기에 있는 이들의 심신발달에 필요한 영양공급 및 올바른 식습관 형성을 위해서는 학교에서 일정한 지도 목표를 설정하여 계획적으로 실시하는 학교 급식의 필요성이 강조된다 하겠다. 6. 청소년기 및 임신 수유부의 경우도 철분의 섭취상태가 부족하기는 하지만, 철 결핍성 빈혈증상이 나타날 정도는 아니고 영양섭취상태도 대체로 양호하다. 7. 노인들의 식품 영양 섭취실태는 권장량에 크게 미달되는 실정이기는 하지만 혈액검사의 수치들이 대체로 정상인 범위에 있고 건강상태도 양호한 편이다. 식품 개발 및 조리법에 관해서 요약해 보면 1. 식량수급의 안정을 기하고자 다수확 품종인 통일계통 쌀의 취반 및 가공적성에 대한 검토가 진행되었으며, 잡곡류 및 감자류의 효과적인 이용을 위해 복합분의 사용에 의한 식품가공 적성에 대한 연구들이 실시되었다. 2. 콩류에 대한 연구로는, 기름을 추출하고 남은 탈지대두박의 단백질 식품으로의 이용을 위해 추출법의 검토 및 탈지대두박을 이용하는 두부제조법 등 다각적으로 식품에의 적용에 관해 연구가 진행 되었다. 3. 발효식품 중 김치에 대해서는 농촌지역에서 제조되는 김치의 종류와 섭취실태에 관한 연구 및 김치의 저장성을 증진시키기 위한 일련의 검토가 있다. 간장, 고추장, 된장에 대해서는 Koji를 이용한 개량식 제조법 및 팽화시킨 곡분을 사용하는 간편 제조법, 비용 절감을 위한 대체원료 이용에 대한 연구 등이 진행되었다. 4. 이밖에도, 병조림 제조방법, 어린이를 위한 고영양 보충식 개발, 생선의 폐기 부분을 이용하여 칼슘 급원 식품으로서의 유용성에 관한 조리과학적 검토 등이 실시되었다. 식습관 및 식생활 관리 지도에 관한 연구에 의하면, 농촌여성의 농업역할이 가중되면서 자녀들의 식생활을 방임하기 쉬운 실정이므로 유아 교육시설 및 학교 급식 등을 통해서 바람직한 식습관 형성을 위한 프로그램이 개발되어져야 하며, 한편, 식생활 담당자인 농촌주부에 대한 규칙적이고 정확한 영양교육이 이루어져야 하리라 본다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.124-132
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• 2005

While use of a pet bottle with use it is light recently and convenient increases quickly, it is used from the child, also diffusing the user to a pet bottle to people of various classes, such as an old person, a woman, a male, the man in the street, and a disabled person. However, those who are standardized on the basis of the common man with the plan energy of a pet bottle, and cannot attain to the standard, That is, a child and a disabled person may be condemnedto the vague situation that a lid cannot be opened or a contents thing cannot be drunk without external help. And the characteristic of a material and production which are called PET Even if convenience is emphasized for the cost reduction of COST, a design is chosen easily, and even if it calls it the man in the street, the point of coming to experience a situation with the difficult time of use can be found well. In research of a book, problem derivation which classifies entering school and a preschool boy and girl child for a child drink for an object first by the viewpoint of universal design paying attention to such problems, and leads the actual use example of a pet bottle was carried out in true heart, and various notional approach was shown by the solution method.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.114-118
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• 2009

주요 일간지와 KBS 1 9시 뉴스에서 다루고 있는 건강관련 기사의 내용을 분석하여, 건강관련 정보의 경향을 파악하여, 건강 예보제 실시를 위한 현황 분석을 위해 본 연구를 실시하였다. 1. 일간지 건강정보 내용분석 결과요약: 기사 보도 분야에서는 생활건강(47.8%), 사회(14.6%), 종합(7.7%), 국제(4.7%), 경제(1.5%) 순이었고, 3/4분기에서만 국제와 경제 분야가 종합분야 보다 많이 보도 되었으며, 기타 분야가 22.9%로 많은 비율을 차지하였다. 건강정보를 대상 성별별로 분류 하였을 시 남녀 모두에 해당되는 자료가 대다수였고(87.9%), 여성이 대상인 정보(8.0%)가 남성(4.1%)보다 많았으며, 생애 주기별 대상으로 분류 하였을 시에 역시 특별히 구분되지 않은 모든 연령층에 해당 정보가 가장 많았고(60.8%), 성인(19.8%), 학동기 어린이(7.3%), 청소년 (4.9%), 노인(4.9%), 영유아(3.3%) 순이었다. 일간지별 기사의 주제를 조사한 결과 두 일간지의 총합은 병의 원인 및 위험인자(15.5%)가 가장 많이 보도 되었는데, 조선일보는 건강증진, 치료 및 술기, 투약, 기타의 순이었고, 한겨레신문은 건강증진, 행정, 치료 및 술기, 투약 순이었으며 각 주제별로 분기별로 약간의 차이를 나타내었다. 예측성에 관한 내용분석을 보면 예보성은 있는 경우(76.2%)가 없는 경우보다 많았고, 예보성의 정보는 알림성, 예측성, 행사성의 순이었고 예측성의 경우 건강형태가 가장 많았으나 한겨레 신문의 경우 기타에 속하는 경우가 가장 많았다. 사 ICD-10 체계, 21대 분류로 질병에 관한 기사를 분류한 결과 신생물(14.5%), 특정 감염성 및 기생충성 질환(13.6%), 정신 및 행동장애(9.5%)의 순이었으며 두 일간지간의 차이를 보였다. 2. TV 뉴스 건강정보 내용분석 결과요약: 건강정보의 대상 특징 성별은 모두 해당되는 경우가 265회 중 238회 (89.8%)로 가장 많았고, 생애주기별 대상으로 보면 모든 연령층에 해당 되는 것이 154회(58.1%)로 가장 많았다. 건강정보의 주제에 대해서 조사한 결과 병의 원인 및 위험인자가 73회(27.5%), 역학(역학조사 및 보도성)이 64회 (24.2%), 행정이 30회(11.3%), 증상 및 호소가 27회(10.2%) 등의 빈도순으로 조사 되었다. 건강정보의 내용의 분야를 보면 대분류로는 질병관리 분야가 102회(38.5%), 보건의료제도 및 행정 분야가 52회(19.6%), 보건행태 및 기타 42회(15.8%), 생활환경분야 39회(14.7%)의 빈도순으로 나타났다. 건강정보 내용을 질병의 분류 ICD-10 체계로 분석한 결과는 특정감염성 및 기생충성 질환 48회(26.8%), 소화기계의 질환, 손산, 중독 및 외인에 의한 특정기타 결과, 건강상태 및 보건서비스 접촉에 주는 요인 등의 빈도순으로 조사되었다.

• The Journal of Korean Obstetrics and Gynecology
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.123-138
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to identify the real condition of urinary incontinence(UI), interstitial cystitis(IC), atrophic viginitis(AV) for elderly women and analyze the cognition of traditional korean medicine(TKM) for them. Methods: We utilized questionnaire from May to June, 2010. Questionnaires were taken from 125 women using senior welfare center and nursing home, aged over 65 up to 92. The data were analyzed by $X^2$-test using SPSS/PC ver 18.0 program. Results: The prevalences of UI, IC and AV symptoms were 50.4%, 40.8%, 56%, respectively. The average I-QoL score for UI was $82.62{\pm}21.16$, and the average ICSI score for IC was $8.16{\pm}2.50$. After adjustment for each of the variables considered in this study, alcohol was associated with UI and age, BMI(body mass index) were associated with IC. Most of respondents have no experience(94.4%) or don't know (79.2%) about TKM for UI, IC and AV. 44 women(37.3%) indicated that they weren't willing to use TKM for UI, IC and AV. Reasons for not taking TKM were because of 'no knowledge of TKM(34.1%)' and 'more accustomed to western treatment(34.1%)'. Conclusion: Although the prevalence of UI, IC, AV for elderly women was high, the actual percentage of treatment for these diseases was low, furthermore, patients were not aware of TKM and had very few experiences of TKM for these diseases. The development and increased promotion about TKM program for elderly women's urogenital diseases is needed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.11
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• pp.8074-8088
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• 2015

In this study, main focus was analyzing whether the retired middle-aged people's life style and personal characteristics affect house selection attributes and there are any differences according to their life styles. The finding and implications of this study were as follows. The middle-aged people were trying to pursue leisurely and healthy life. Therefore, they prefer the high service quality of health, medical facilities, culture, leisure, and entertainment facilities. These trends were caused by the expansion of the five-days working styles, the improvements of the smart consumptions, the high levels of the education, and the high social and economic participations of the females. The overall changes in social, cultural, economical circumstances made them different from other generations. Also current middle-aged people were more challenging and active and they thought themselves young compared with the people of the older generation. In the future those middle-aged people's life style will be more diversified. Therefore new housing plans are necessary for the middle-aged popple to satisfy their diverse housing needs and housing circumstances. Based on the results of this study for the middle-aged people's life style and housing selection attributes after their retirement, more studies are necessary in new and different views. Furthermore diverse house supplies, housing marketing, housing policies should be provided for the middle-aged people for their retirement and need to study more their future housing satisfaction and their housing needs.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.50-62
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• 1996

The purpose of this study was to identify and construct a substantive theory about the experience of fatigue among the female elderly with osteoarthritis. The interviewees were 6 female elderly with osteoarthritis. Of them 3 were admitted General hospital, the remaining 3 didn't admitted hospital. The data were collected through in-depth interviews by the investigators from May 20th, 1995 to June 19th, 1995. The collected data were coded into concepts and categories according to Strauss & Corbin's grounded method. The data thus collected were analyzed immediatly after interviews and fed into next round of interviews until the data collection reaches the saturation point where no additional concepts emerge. The 35 concepts were from analyzing the grounded data. The results of this study were as follows : 'change of the health condition','change of the life pattern', 'physiologic change', 'change of the coping pattern', 'performance of homework', 'activity daily living', 'tireness', 'ache', 'change of general apperance', 'sleep disturbance', 'powerlessness'. 'Physiologic unbalance', 'change of the family dynamics', 'physical imbalance', 'loss of the control', aviodance', 'conversion', 'leaving', 'indifference', 'hesitation', 'the pursue of information and trial', 'the western therapy', 'heat therapy', 'the oriental therapy','exercise', 'weight control', 'support', 'solution', 'being as before', 'adding more'. Six categories emerged from the analysis of ground data. They were as follows : 'stimuli', 'fatigue', 'passive coping', 'active coping', 'disolution', 'remains'. 13 hypothesis were derived from the integration of categories as follows : 1. The stronger the stimulus as perceived by the subjects, the more the fatigue will exrerience. 2. The more severe the fatigue, the more severe the tireness. 3. The more severe the fatigue, the more the hardness. 4. The more severe the fatigue, the more the variability of appear will experience. 5. The more severe the fatigue, the more the pain will experience. 6. The more severe the fatigue, the more the insomnia will experience. 7. The more severe the fatigue, the more the powerless will experience. 8 The more severe the fatigue, the more the psychological unbalance will experience. 9. The more severe the fatigue, the more variability of the family dynamics will experience. 10. The more severe the fatigue, the more the physical unbalance will experience. 11. The more severe the fatigue, the more loss of control will experience. 12. The subjects who experienced the fatigue will be to show passive coping and active coping mechanism.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.51
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• pp.229-256
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• 2002

This study is about the relationship between traditional familism and welfare consciousness in Korea. Traditional familism is known as the value that most Koreans share with, and the impeding value for welfare program development. Strong family solidarity and family-centered perception among Koreans influences other social values and ideology. Especially, care of the family members is understood as a family duty and responsibility. And this inhibits Koreans to develop welfare consciousness and further to develop welfare programs at the governmental level. Thus, this study purposes to explore the relationship between the two. The sample of 1,131 men and women was selected in Seoul area. As a result, traditional familism is found to be quite influential to welfare consciousness among Koreans. First, perception of welfare institution is strongly related with welfare consciousness. The respondents in high familism group showed low welfare consciousness. Second, state-friendly welfare responsibility was shown low in the group of high familism for the aged and youth. In the same context, for the disabled and the unemployed, state-friendly welfare responsibility was shown high in the group of low familism. Lastly, the relationship between familism and the welfare need was not apparent. Such results make possible to conclude that traditional familism among Korean is still influential to welfare consciousness and welfare ideology. However, although this conclusion should not be used for an excuse to avoid state responsibility but used as a tool to develop a welfare model to strengthen family function as one solid family.