• Journal of Wetlands Research
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.471-478
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• 2012

The objective of the study is to find a way to utilize MSWI slag as filter material and to verify it. To do so, stability as filter material was tested, and used Ju-Munjin filter sand as control group to run actual filtering experiment to analyze filtering efficiency. According to result, MSWI slag is usable within designated waste acceptable standards. Also, it showed similar level of filtering capability to filter sand. Thus, MSWI slag could help to save and recycle resources if used as filtering material instead of filter sand As result of filtering test, SS and COD showed about same level of filtering capability similar to standard filter sand. MSWI slag has shown 26.96% higher with T-N, and 6.55% higher with T-P compared to standard filter sand. Also, remove efficiency comparison result with No. 40#(0.43mm) and mixed diameter showed equal or greater filtering capability.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.53-61
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• 2013

The characteristics of methane production from pig manure slurry was investigated using anaerobic digestor combined with compost filtration bed. In this study, raw pig manure slurry was digested in mesophilic rectangular digester (effective volume $250m^3$) for 25 days and anaerobic digestion wastewater was filtered through compost filtration bed, which is composed of double layer, sawdust and chaff. The characteristics of anaerobic digestion wastewater were BOD 1,800 mg/L, COD 3,500 mg/L, SS 11,800 mg/L, T-N 1,200 mg/L and T-P 350 mg/L. After the filtration process, the contents of BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P of the anaerobic digestion wastewater were reduced by 97%, 62%, 89%, 39% and 57%, respectively. The concentrations of N, $P_2O_5$, and $K_2O$ of the leachate were 1,024, 111 and 407 mg/L, respectively. However, there was no odor emitted from the leachate.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.144-155
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• 1995

본 연구는 배우자 선택과정에서의 만남의 유형, 만남의 유형에 따른 교제량(기간, 횟수) 배우자선택진행과정(처음 만날 때, 결혼을 의식하면서 만날 때, 결혼을 결정할 때의 여과망)을 밝힘으로써 배우자 선택의 메카니즘을 밝히고자 하였다. 연구대상은 서울시에 거주하는 368명의 결혼 1년 이상 5년 미만의 기혼남녀를 대상으로 하였으며 연구결과는 다음과 같다. 만남의 유형은 의도적인 것과 우연한 만남이 비슷한 수준이었고, 23-26세에 처음 교제를 시작하여 평균 한 달에 10회 2년 이하의 교제기간을 거치며 6-12개월에 결혼하고 싶다는 생각과 함께 결혼을 결정하며 결혼에 이르는 것으로 나타났다. 한편 교제진행과정에 있어서 각각의 단계를 지속시키는 여과망을 살펴본 결과, 첫만남의 시기에는 근접성 여과망이나 매력 여과망이 중요한 요인으로 작용하는 반면, 결혼의식과 결정단계에서는 의견일치나 상호보완 등의 내면적인 기준이 중요한 여과망으로 나타났다. 그리고 이들이 Udry의 이론과 같이 6단계로 나뉘어 여과되지 않고 동시적.압축적으로 여과작용을 하는 것으로 나타났다.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 2004.05b
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• pp.73-77
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• 2004

막분리 기술인 정밀여과와 한외여과는 물질의 크기 차에 따른 체분리 (sieving)를 기본 원리로 하기 때문에 분자수준에서의 선택적 물질분리가 어렵다는 문제점이 있다. 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위한 대안으로서 분리막에 분자수준에서의 물질 선택성을 부여한 친화성 막(affinity membrane) 제조에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다.(중략)

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.625-630
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• 2004

Granular media filtration is used almost universally as the last particle removal process in conventional water treatment plants. Therefore, superb particle removal efficiency is needed during this process to ensure a high quality of drinking water. However, every particle can not be removed during granular media filtration. Besides the pattern of particle attachment is different depending on physicochemical aspects of particles and suspension. Filtration experiments were performed in a laboratory-scale filter using spherical glass beads with a diameter of 0.55 mm as collectors. A single type of particle suspension (Min-U-Sil 5) and alum coagulation was used to destabilize particles. The operating conditions were similar to those of standard media filtration practice: a filtration velocity of 5 m/h. More favorable particles, i.e., particles with smaller surface charge, were well attached to the collectors especially during the early stage of filtration when zeta potential of particles and collectors are both negative. This selective attachment of the lower charged particles caused the zeta potential distribution (ZPD) of the effluent to move to a more negative range. On the other hand, the ZPDs of the effluent moved from more positive to less positive when the surface charge of particles was positive and this result was thought to be caused by ion transfer between particles and collectors.

• Proceedings of the Membrane Society of Korea Conference
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• 1994.04a
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• pp.24-25
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• 1994

한식간장은 콩을 주원료로 하여 콩속의 성분을 수용성단백질 및 아미노산으로 변화시켜만든 조미료로서, 콩으로 메주를 만든다음 20일 동안 배양해서 만든 종국(Seed)과 혼합후 발효시킴으로써 제조되며 발효공정을 통해 Total Nitrogen이 증가되게 된다. 이러한 한식간장은 탈지대두를 사용하는 양조간장과는 달리 메주를 쑤어서 만들기 때문에 탈지가 되지 않은 제조과정으로 인하여 여과 및 공정중 발생하는 잡물질의 제거가 어렵게 된다. 제조공정중 여과공정을 거치게 되는데 여과포를 사용한 압착공정으로 이루어지며 여과된 간장에는 발효에 사용된 균$\cdot$효모등이 $10^7$개/ml 수준으로 존재하여 저장안정성 및 품질보전을 위해 열처리 과정을 거치게 된다. 이 열처리가 끝난 간장은 방치$\cdot$냉각시켜 첨가제를 혼합한 후 포장된다. 냉각과정중 2차 침전물이 생성되기도 하며 멸균이 확실치 않거나 2차 오염등으로 인한 발효로 인해 $CO_2$ Gas가 발생하기도 하여 품질이 나빠지는 원인이 된다. 이러한 열살균방식은 에너지를 많이 소비하고 열살균시 간장성분으로 인한 Scale 형성등 문제점을 안고 있다. 또한 열살균을 통해 살균은 할 수 있지만 사균, 분해물질, 간장에 함유된 고약한 냄새를 풍기는 잡성분의 제거는 불가능하다.

• Proceedings of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute Conference
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.462-465
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• 2011

본 논문에서는 유한요소모델을 사용하여 원자력 발전용 해수 여과장치에 대한 동적 내진해석을 수행하였다. 장치의 검증을 위해서 운전기준지진(Operating Basis Earthquake, OBE)과 안전정지지진(Safe Shutdown Earthquake, SSE)이 설계하중으로 작용하였을 때 부재에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 해석대상은 유한요소법을 사용하여 수학적 모델링을 완성하였고, 층응답스펙트럼(Floor Response Spectrum, FRS)에 따른 지진하중과 사하중등을 적용하여 해석을 수행하였다. 해석된 해수여과장치의 최대변위는 OBE 조건에서 2.5 mm 이고, SSE 조건에서 최대변위는 4.6 mm 이다. 최대응력은 OBE 조건에서 24 MPa, SSE 조건에서 44 MPa이며, 이 값은 재료의 항복강도의 각각 18%, 27% 수준이다. 이에 따라 지진하중조건에 따른 해수여과장치의 구조적 안전성이 제시되었다.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.444-448
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• 2002

The waste brine gained from successively reused brine during kimchi manufacturing can cause serious water pollution. We investigated the filtration effects on the physicochemical characteristics and microbial counts of the waste brine. Chinese cabbage was salted for five times successively, and the waste brines were filtered through sand and active carbon column. While original values of salinity and soluble solid contents of waste brine were 15.4% and $18.0^{\circ}$Brix$, respectively, we observed decrease of them to 0.1% and $0.0^{\circ}$Brix$, respectively, after filtration of the waste brine through sand followed by active carbon column. The filtration also recover pH value of the waste brine to its original value, which was decreased by successive salting from 8.3 to 6.0. We also observed that COD of waste brine increased to 63.2 ppm after five times of salting but decreased to 5.1 ppm after active carbon filtration. Total viable count was also increased with successive 5 steps of salting and was not detected after active carbon-filtration.

• Korean Journal of Organic Agriculture
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.631-642
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• 2012

This study was carried out to determine the effect of SCB compost leachate on the growth and yield of rice. Field experiment was conducted on sandy loam soil under the different fertilizer management; 80%, 100%, 130% N level of SCB leachate based on 13kg N/10a of conventional farmer application level and chemical fertilizer as control. The plant height and tiller's number of 80 and 100% N levels of SCB leachate were lower than that of the chemical fertilizer plot. But in the plot of 130% N level of SCB leachate the plant height and tillers was higher than that of chemical fertilizer. And the SPAD reading value of leaf in plot of 130% N level was higher than that of the chemical fertilizer. Rice yield in the 80% and 100% SCB leachate was increased from 12 to 13% that of plot of chemical fertilizer. But rice yield of 130% N-level was decreased 7% compared with chemical fertilizer. Rice quality of the application levels of 80 and 100% SCB leachate levels was significantly better than those of chemical fertilizer and 130% level of SCB leachate. In conclusion, the 100% N application of SCB leachate was improved yield and quality of rice.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.312-316
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• 2000

Crude xylooligosaccharides(XO) were separated with a cellulose membrane (10,000 molecular weight cut-off). Flux variation was measured at transmembrane pressures of 5, 10, 20 and 30 psi, while flow rates were maintained at 100, 200, 300 and 400 ml/min and temperatures at 10, 20, 23-25 and $30^{\circ}C$. Optimal conditions were found at the transmembrane pressure of 20 psi, the flow rate of 300 ml/min and the temperature of $23-25^{\circ}C$, where the flux was decreasing with time by 62% after 200 min. Total sugar, total solid and ash contents were rather independent of ultrafiltration but protein was removed up to 55% from crude XO. Especially, the use of ultrafiltration was very effective for decolorization (84%) of crude XO. These results suggest that ultrafiltration is a useful method for the primary purification of XO.