• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.39C no.12
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• pp.1346-1351
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• 2014

We propose a novel approach for stereophonic acoustic echo suppression using spectro-temporal filtering based on soft decision. Unlike the conventional approaches estimating the echo pathes directly, the proposed technique can estimate stereo echo spectra without any double-talk detector. In order to improve the estimation of echo spectra, the extended power spectrum density matrix and echo overestimation control matrix are applied on this method. In addition, this echo suppression technique is based on soft decision technique using speech absence probability in STFT domain. Experimental results show that the proposed method improves compared with the conventional approaches.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.405-409
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to obtain basic data to be used in social welfare intervention for relieving psychological burdens caused by job stress in the eco-boomer generation that will be the center of Korean society in future, by estimating job stress change trajectories of the eco-boomer generation in the convergence era, figuring out predicting factors and examining job stress factors that individuals experience, in accordance with the degree of job stress and the changes. This is a longitudinal study using secondary data and for analysis, the Latent Growth Model(LGM) was applied to the 1st year to the 7th year Korean Welfare Panel Data. Self-esteem was one of job stress predicting factors of the eco-boomer generation. Since most of eco-boomers were students in the early measurement period, the level of job stress was low, but over time, the burden of job increased by gradation. This study has significance by providing an empirical basis for predicting factors of job stress changes of the eco-boomer generation to understand job stress in the eco-boomer generation.

• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
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• s.59
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• pp.22-23
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• 2009

(사)에너지절약전문기업협회(이하 ESCO협회)와 (주)에코아이는 지난 5월 28일 분당 에코아이 본 사에서 기후변화관련 온실가스 감축, 에너지 절감 촉진 및 청정개발체제(CDM)사업 공동 추진을 위한 업무협약을 체결했다. 에너지 절약 사업 추진 기반을 보다 탄탄하게 다지는 계기를 마련 했다는 평가다.

• The Magazine for Energy Service Companies
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• s.86
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• pp.74-75
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• 2014

비닐백이 시장을 점령하기 전 어머니 손에 들려있던 알록달록한 장바구니를 기억하는가! 비록 색상과 모양은 평범했지만 환경을 생각하는 면에서는 최고였다. 장바구니가 평범한 역할을 벗어나 요즘 '에코백'이란 이름으로 주부는 물론 학생, 직장인들에게도 사랑 받는 패션아이템이 되었다. 에코디자인의 대표주자이며, 지구를 지킬 수 있는 친환경 소재로 거듭나고 있는 에코백의 무한한 변신을 만나보자.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.209-210
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• 2012

철원군은 군사문화유적지와 더불어 과거 태봉국의 도읍지로서 한 시대를 풍미했던 역사문화유산이 살아 숨 쉬고 있는 우리역사의 장이다. 또한 청정지역의 이미지는 생태 관광지로서의 가능성을 보여주고 있다. 이에 따라 본 고에서는 에코뮤지엄(ecomuseum)의 개념을 토대로 철원군의 지역문화자원을 활용하는 방안을 제시하려고 한다. 연구의 이론적 바탕이 될 에코뮤지엄은 기존의 박물관처럼 한정된 공간 내에 수집품을 모아놓고 관람객을 끌어들이는 것이 아니라 지역 전체를 하나의 박물관으로 구성하는 새로운 형태의 박물관이다. 따라서 지역의 문화유산, 생태 환경, 관광자원을 포함한 포괄적인 유,무형의 자원이 모두 에코뮤지엄의 요소가 될 수 있으며, 관람객은 주변 환경과 일체가 되어 직, 간접적인 체험을 공유한다. 지역 주민은 적극적인 역할을 수행함으로써 지속적으로 지역의 개발과 보존에 주체적으로 참여하게 된다. 이러한 관점에서, 지역의 다양한 문화자원을 바탕으로 한 에코뮤지엄은 철원군의 지속가능한 경제 활성화에도 기여하게 될 것이다.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Industry Society
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• v.2 no.12
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• pp.1557-1562
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• 2001

The echo response time has been a concern in the performance of the UNIX systems, a significant tail always appears in the distribution of echo response time, though the average echo response time is less serious. This paper addresses the issue of echo response times in the UNIX systems. We explain how the Fair Share Scheduler (FSS) works and explain why the FSS might cause excessive echo response times and show by analysis how echo response time reacts to key parameters under FSS. Finally, we present a recommended solution that should improve the echo response time drastically. This solution is a refined FSS which will overcome the echo response time problem while retaining the essence of the FSG. This will enhance the UNIX performance and productivity.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.69-72
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• 2013

In long-range ultrasonic testing, a phased array probe composed of multiple identical transducers with an uniform interval of one quarter wavelength is usually used for the transmission or reception directivity control. This paper shows that the propagation directions of individual echoes can be identified in real time by displaying the inputs of a process for summing the constitution reception signals after compensating the phase difference due to the transducer interval, together with the output of the process. A constructive interference of the constitution echoes indicates a forward direction echo propagating along an intended direction while a destructive interference implies a reverse direction echo propagating along the direction opposite to the intended one.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.15-20
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• 2003

For some applications such as teleconference or telecommunication systems using a distant-talking hands-free microphone, the near-end speech signals to be transmitted is disturbed by an ambient noise and by an echo which is due to the coupling between the microphone and the loudspeaker. Furthermore, the environmental noise including channel distortion or additive noise is assumed to affect the original input speech. In the present paper, a new approach using echo canceller and maximum a posteriori(MAP) estimation is introduced to improve the accuracy of hands-free speech recognition. In this approach, it was shown that the proposed system was effective for hands-free speech recognition in ambient noise environment including echo. The experimental results also showed that the combination system between echo canceller and MAP environmental adaptation technique were well adapted to echo and noise environment.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.153-167
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to identify differences in dietary behaviors, dietary life consumer education related situation competencies, and dietary lifestyles between baby-boom and echo generations by gender. Methods: Data were drawn from the 2016 Food Consumption Behavior Survey, and 2,474 subjects (baby-boom generation 1,304; echo generation 1,170) were selected. Results: The baby-boom generation more frequently ate meals at home with family than the echo generation, whereas the echo generation had meals more frequently at cafeterias, cafes, bakeries, convenience stores and with friends or colleagues than the baby-boom generation. However, no significant differences in dietary life related consumer education were observed between generations, and experience with food related consumer education and food related promotional/events was very low in general. Baby-boomers received their primary dietary information from surrounding people, whereas the echo generation received it from broadcasting. The information use competence was lower for the baby-boom generation (3.29) than echo generation (3.35), although this difference was not significant. Healthy dietary life competence did not differ significantly, whereas the baby-boom generation showed a higher level of practice competence than the echo generation. Additionally, the baby-boom generation was more likely to pursuit health and less likely to be concerned with convenience and taste quality than the echo generation. Conclusion: The frequencies of meal eating places, drinking, and eating-out differed significantly between the two generations, while the participation ratios of food related consumer education/events, attitudes toward education, and information use competence did not. Additionally, knowledge regarding healthy dietary life competencies did not differ, whereas practice level showed significant differences between generations. Among dietary lifestyles, the baby-boom generation showed higher pursuit of health and lower pursuit of convenience and taste quality than the echo generation.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.114-124
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• 1998

We analyzed the mammographic (n=21) findings (location, margin, shape, cluster microcalcifications, size, multiplicity) and ultrasonographic (n=12) findings (shape, border, internal echo, boundary echo, posterior echo, lateral echo, width/depth ratio) to evaluate specific radiologic findings of histopathologically proved uncommon breast cancer. The mammographic findings (n=21) are as follow; 1) single; 16, multiple; 5 2) margin (smooth; 13, irregular; 4, spiculated; 4) 3) shape (round and ovoid; 9, lobulated; 8, irregular; 4) 4) cluster micro calcifications (abscent; 20, present; 1) 5) size (1-3cm; 18, 3-5cm; 2, 5cm> ; 1) 6) location (UOQ; 13, UIQ; 4, LIQ; 3, LOQ; 1). The ultrasonographic findings (n=12) are as follow; 1) shape (round to oval; 5, lobulated; 5, irregular; 2) 2) border (smooth even; 9, rough uneven; 3) 3) internal echo (fine homogeneous; 5, coarse heterogeneous; 7) 4) boundary echo (regular fine; 4, irregular thick; 8) 5) posterior echo (enhanced; 11, no change; 1) 6) lateral echo (marked; 7, nonexistent; 5) 7) width/depth ratio (1.5> ; 1, 1.0-1.5; 7, 1.0< ; 4). Uncommon breast cancer show benign nature on mammogram, but malignant nature on ultrasonogram (especially boundary echo, internal echo, width/depth ratio).