• Journal of the Korean Crystal Growth and Crystal Technology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.224-230
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• 1999

Agglomeration of colloidal alumina particles in a suspension is simulated. Particles in a suspension have potential energies between them and move to decrease the summation of all the potential energies between particles. The effects of various types of potential curves on particle agglomeration were checked. Strong short range attractive energy without repulsive energy barrier makes small strong clusters with disordered network structure but weak short-range force with big repulsive energy barrier makes big agglomerates with a close packing structure. As particles are agglomerated the potential energy with strong repulsive energy barrier between agglomerates gradually decreases the importance of the repulsive energy barrier and induces a different type of agglomeration behavior.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.273-274
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• 2009

현재 가로등의 93.3[%]를 차지하고 있는 나트륨램프는 색상이 적황색이며, 시력에 장애와 피로감을 주어 인체에 해로우므로 고효율 램프로 교체되고 있으며 백열전구는 전력을 많이 소모하고 잦은 고장으로 빈번한 대체와 유지보수를 필요로 하므로 LED를 선택하면, 유지보수 비용과 안전성, 에너지 효율성면에서 큰 강점을 갖는다. 본 연구에서는 에너지 효율이 높은 LED 가로등 제작을 위한 모듈을 제작하여, 열적, 광학적 분석을 하였다. 동작 150분 후, LED Module의 PCB기판 6 Point에서 Thermal Grease와 Thermal Pad의 처리에 의한 열적 변화를 측정하였으며, Thermal Grease 처리는 Thermal Pad 보다 평균 3 $[^{\circ}C]$ 정도 낮은 35 $[^{\circ}C]$결과를 얻었으며, 제작된 LED Module의 광학적평가의 결과는 10 [m] 높이에서 $20\times20\;[m^2]$ 면적에 조사된 조도의 최대,최소값은 10.9~0.6 [lx]이고, 주로 10~5 [lx] 값이 조도의 면적을 차지하였으며, 곡선은 옆으로 넓게 펼쳐진 곡선을 나타내었다.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.11a
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• pp.221-225
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• 2006

본 논문에서는 국내 기술을 활용하여 Sunbelt 지역에 설치된 50kW급 PV 실증 단지에서의 태양광발전을 대상으로 경제성을 분석하였으며, VLS-PV로의 성공적인 확장 가능성을 발견하였다. 이를 바탕으로 2008년부터 2017년까지의 10년 동안 연간 10MW급의 단계적 시스템설치를 통한 최종 100MW급의 VLS-PV 개발을 가정하여 경제성 분석을 수행하였다. 이 과정에서 과거 누적 PV 설비용량과 PV 시스템 가격사이의 관계를 경험곡선을 활용하여 분석하였으며, 이에 기초하여 2017년까지의 PV 모듈 및 PV시스템의 가격을 예상하였다. 현재 실증 단계에서의 발전단가는 567.2원/kWh으로 나타나 국내 태양광발전보다 낮은 발전단가를 보였으며, 가격 하락 효과를 적용한 100MW급의 VLS-PV 시스템 개발시에는 최종 305.4원/kWh이 될 것으로 전망되었다. 향후 기술혁신에 따른 모듈의 효율향상과 시스템 수명의 증가는 경제성을 더욱 향상시킬 것이며, 환경적인 이점 및 정책적인 효과까지 고려할 경우 향후 20년 이내에 기존의 발전원과 비교하여 충분한 경쟁력을 확보할 수 있을 것으로 예상된다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.116-126
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• 2010

The Korean rolling stock safety regulation stipulates that the collision deceleration of a car body should be maintained under average 5g and maximum 7.5g during train collisions. One-dimensional dynamic model of a full rake train, which is made up of nonlinear springs/bars-dampers-masses, is often used to estimate the collision decelerations of car bodies in a basic design stage. By the way, the previous studies have often used some average force-deformation curve for energy absorbing structures in rolling stock. Through this study, we intended to analyse how much the collision deceleration levels are influenced by the initial peak force modeling in the one-dimensional force-deformation curve. The numerical results of the one-dimensional dynamic model for the Korean High-Speed Train show that the initial peak force modeling gives significant effect on the collision deceleration levels. Therefore the peak force modeling of the force-deformation curve should be considered in one-dimensional dynamic model of a full rake train to evaluate the article 16 of the domestic rolling stock safety regulations.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.161-164
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• 2007

연료전지의 상용화 시점에 이르러 내구성에 대한 기술 확보가 점점 더 부각되고 있다. 현재 연료전지의 내구성을 감소시키는 1차적인 요인은 핵심부품인 촉매, 전해질막, MEA(Membrane & Electrode Assembly) 등에 의한 것이며 2차적인 요인은 운전 시스템 및 환경 등에 의해 결정되어진다. 특히, 연료전지자동차는 이동용, 가정용, 발전용에 비하여 부하변동이 극심한 조건에서 운전되기 때문에 연료전지 시스템의 내구성 확보에 많은 제어기술이 요구된다. 본 연구에서는 연료전지자동차 운전조건(Driving mode)을 부하변동 기준에 의한 고전류, 중전류, 저전류의 3가지 모드로 분류하였다. 각각의 운전조건에서 일정 cycle마다 성능곡선을 측정하여 10만 cycle 이상의 반복운전을 수행하였으며 측정된 성능곡선을 empirical equation에 적용하여 시간에 따른 overvoltage 인자에 대한 분석을 하였다. 운전시간이 증가함에 따라 고전류 모드의 경우 activation overvoltage 인자 중 current density loss가 증가하여 OCV가 급격히 감소하였으나 내구성은 저전류 모드에 비하여 높게 나타났다. 저전류 모드의 경우 고전류 모드와 상반된 결과를 보였으며 성능감소요인은 activation 및 ohmic overvoltage의 점차적인 증가에 의한 것으로 분석되었다.

• Plant Journal
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.43-47
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• 2013

Even if an expert who has majored energy engineering, it is a difficult concept to understand power output optimization and power efficiency optimization. In this study a diagram applying thermodynamic state value as specific exergy and exergy ratio was developed. Although general peoples who did not major energy engineering can be easily understand the concept of power output optimization and power efficiency through the developed diagram. A represented property that can identify the performance of power plant is the main steam temperature and pressure. At the developed diagram the maximum power output line and maximum power efficiency line are shown according to the temperature and pressure of main steam. Therefore we can identify how much a power plant approach to maximum power output and maximum power efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.66 no.4
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• pp.278-283
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• 2022

Using the Kirkwood's method, the free energy of a binary lattice solution consisting of two identical interpenetrating sublattices, such as a simple cubic lattice or a body-centered cubic lattice, was calculated up to the tenth order of the reciprocal of absolute temperature. Using this, liquid-liquid coexistence curves and critical solution temperatures for the binary lattice solutions were calculated to quantitatively investigate the effect of non-random mixing of molecules. And it was shown that the coexistence curve of the simple cubic lattice solution was in good agreement with the Monte-Carlo computer simulation result.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.685-692
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• 2007

When the shear force governs the response of an RC element, as in the case of a low-rise shear wall, the effect of shear on the element's response is thought to be responsible for the 'pinching effect' in the hysteretic loops. However, it was recently shown that this undesirable pinching effect can be eliminated in the hysteretic load-deformation curves of a shear-dominant element if the steel grid orientation is properly aligned in the direction of the applied principal stresses. In this paper, the presence and absence of the pinching mechanism in the hysteretic loops of the shear stress-strain curves of RC elements was explained rationally using a compatibility aided truss model. The analytical results indicate that the pinching effect of the RC elements is strongly related to the direction of the steel arrangement. The area of the energy dissertation does not increase proportionally to the difference between the direction of the principal compressive stress and the direction of the steel arrangement.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.230-240
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• 1997

An experimental research investigation of the fracture properties of polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete is reported. Fibers used in this experiment were two types, monofilament and fibrillated polypropylene fibers. Fiber length was 19 mm, and volume fractions were 0, 1, 2, and 3%. Also, as initial notch depths influence the fracture properties of fiber reinforced concrete, the notch depth ratios by specimen height were 0.15, 0.30 and 0.45. The main objective of this experimental program is to obtain the load-deflection and the load-CMOD curves, to investigate the fracture properties of the polypropylene fiber reinforced concretes. Therefore, the flexural specimen testings on the four-point bending were conducted. Then, the load-load point displacement and the load-crack mouth opening displacement curves were measured. The effects of different volume fractions of the monofilament and the fibrillated polypropylene fiber reinforced concrete on the compressive strength, flexural strength and toughness, stress intensity factor, and fracture energy were investigated through the experimental results.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.754-760
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• 2012

This paper describes peak shaving algorithms as long-term cycle scheduling in the power management system (PMS) for MW-scale battery energy storage systems (BESS). The purpose of PMS is basically to manage the input and output power from battery modules placed in the systems. Assuming that an one-day ahead load curve is provided, off-line peak shaving algorithms can be employed, but applying the results of the off-line algorithm may result in the difference in the real-time performance because there is uncertainty in the provided load curve. This paper adopts fuzzy based LP (linear programming) algorithms for describing the peak shaving algorithm in PMS and discusses a solution technique and real-time operation strategies using the solution.