• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.02a
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• pp.129-134
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• 2009

Recently, percentage of people who use SMS service is increasing. However, it is difficult to express own complicated emotion with text and emoticon of exited SMS service. This paper focuses on that point and practical uses character animation to express emotion and nuance correctly, funny. Also this paper suggests emotion based gesture animation generation system that use character's facial expression and gesture to delivery emotion excitably and clearly than only speaking. Michel[1] investigated interview movies of a person whose gesturing style they wish to animate and suggested gesture generation graph for stylized gesture animation. In this paper, we make focus to analyze and abstracted emotional gestures of Disney animation characters and did 3D modeling of these emotional gestures expanding Michel[1]'s research. To express emotion of person, suggests a emotion gesture generation graph that reflects emotion flow graph express emotion flow for probability. We investigated user reaction for research the propriety of suggested system and alternation propriety.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea CI
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.1-11
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• 2008

In this paper, we propose the new eye detection method by using adaboost (adaptive boosting) method. Also, to reduce the false alarm rate which identifies the non-eye region as genuine eye that is the Problems of previous method using conventional adaboost, we proposed the post processing methods which used the cornea specular reflection and determined the optimized ratio of eye detecting box. Based on detected eye region by using adaboost, we performed the double circular edge detector for localizing a pupil and an iris region at the same time. Experimental results showed that the accuracy of eye detection was about 98% and the processing time was less than 1 second in mobile device.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.171-179
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• 2013

Recognition and image processing technology depends on illumination variation. One of the most important factors is the parameters of algorithms. When it comes to select these values, the system has different types of recognition accuracy. In this paper, we propose performance improvement of the eye tracking system that depends on some environments such as, people, location, and illumination. Optimized threshold parameter was decided by using reinforcement learning. When the system accuracy goes down, reinforcement learning used to train the value of parameters. According to the experimental results, the performance of eye tracking system can be improved from 3% to 14% by using reinforcement learning. The improved eye tracking system can be effectively used for human-computer interaction.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Telematics and Electronics B
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• v.33B no.1
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• pp.38-48
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• 1996

We implemented and evaluated the preformance of a task level pipelined multicomputer "RV860-PIPE(Realtime Vision i860 system using PIPEline)" for computer vision applications. RV860-PIPE is a message-passing MIMD computer having ring interconnection network which is appropriate for vision processing. We designed the node computer of RV860-PIPE using a 64-bit microprocessor to have generality and high processing power for various vision algorithms. Furthermore, to reduce the communication overhead between node computers and between node computer and a frame grabber, we designed dedicated high speed communication channels between them. We showed the practical applicability of the implemented system by evaluting performances of various computer vision applications like edge detection, real-time moving object tracking, and real-time face recognition.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02b
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• pp.362-369
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• 2006

3 차원 그래픽스에 적용하는 한국어 립씽크 합성 체계를 연구하여, 말소리에 대응하는 자연스러운 립씽크를 자동적으로 생성하도록 하는 디자인 시스템을 연구 개발하였다. 페이셜애니메이션은 크게 나누어 감정 표현, 즉 표정의 애니메이션과 대화 시 입술 모양의 변화를 중심으로 하는 대화 애니메이션 부분으로 구분할 수 있다. 표정 애니메이션의 경우 약간의 문화적 차이를 제외한다면 거의 세계 공통의 보편적인 요소들로 이루어지는 반면 대화 애니메이션의 경우는 언어에 따른 차이를 고려해야 한다. 이와 같은 문제로 인해 영어권 및 일본어 권에서 제안되는 음성에 따른 립싱크 합성방법을 한국어에 그대로 적용하면 청각 정보와 시각 정보의 부조화로 인해 지각의 왜곡을 일으킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 이와 같은 문제점을 해결하기 위해 표기된 텍스트를 한국어 발음열로 변환, HMM 알고리듬을 이용한 입력 음성의 시분할, 한국어 음소에 따른 얼굴특징점의 3 차원 움직임을 정의하는 과정을 거쳐 텍스트와 음성를 통해 3 차원 대화 애니메이션을 생성하는 한국어 립싱크합성 시스템을 개발 실제 캐릭터 디자인과정에 적용하도록 하였다. 또한 본 연구는 즉시 적용이 가능한 3 차원 캐릭터 애니메이션뿐만 아니라 아바타를 활용한 동적 인터페이스의 요소기술로서 사용될 수 있는 선행연구이기도 하다. 즉 3 차원 그래픽스 기술을 활용하는 영상디자인 분야와 HCI 에 적용할 수 있는 양면적 특성을 지니고 있다. 휴먼 커뮤니케이션은 언어적 대화 커뮤니케이션과 시각적 표정 커뮤니케이션으로 이루어진다. 즉 페이셜애니메이션의 적용은 보다 인간적인 휴먼 커뮤니케이션의 양상을 지니고 있다. 결국 인간적인 상호작용성이 강조되고, 보다 편한 인간적 대화 방식의 휴먼 인터페이스로 그 미래적 양상이 변화할 것으로 예측되는 아바타를 활용한 인터페이스 디자인과 가상현실 분야에 보다 폭넓게 활용될 수 있다.

• Anxiety and mood
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.106-112
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• 2020

Objective : Social anxiety disorder (SAD) is characterized by fear of social threat and exhibits limbic hyper-reactivity toward social stimuli such as emotional faces. A previous study identified the uncinate fasciculus (UF) sub-tract as particularly related to facial memory. To explore the white matter tract relating to face-specific brain regions, we investigated the UF sub-tract in SAD. Methods : The diffusion tensor images of 22 patients with SAD and 20 healthy controls were analyzed with tractography. The UF sub-tract was delineated using the regions of interest of face patches in the anterior temporal lobe and the orbitofrontal cortex, and fractional anisotrophy (FA) and total number of streamlines (ST) were analyzed. We examined the group comparison of FA and ST of the UF sub-tract and correlations of FA and ST with the social anxiety symptoms such as the Liebowitz Social Anxiety Scale (LSAS), the Social Interaction Anxiety Scale (SIAS), the Social Phobia Scale (SPS) and the Fear of Negative Evaluation scale (FNE) in SAD. Results : There were no group differences in FA and ST of the UF sub-tract. However, negative correlations were observed between ST of the right UF sub-tract and severity of social anxiety symptoms (LSAS, r_s=-0.480, p=0.024; SIAS, r_s=-0.580, p=0.005; SPS, r_s=-0.590, p=0.004; FNE, r_s=-0.675, p=0.001) in patients with SAD. Conclusion : Although patients with SAD did not show quantitative abnormalities in the UF sub-tact connecting face-specific brain regions, this structure seems to play a role in the symptom severity of SAD.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.802-816
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• 2010

To create gesture from a new text input is an important problem in computer games and virtual reality. Recently, there is increasing interest in gesture stylization to imitate the gestures of celebrities, such as announcer. However, no attempt has been made so far to stylize a gestures using emotion such as happiness and sadness. Previous researches have not focused on real-time algorithm. In this paper, we present a system to automatically make gesture animation from SMS text and stylize the gesture from emotion. A key feature of this system is a real-time algorithm to combine gestures with emotion. Because the system's platform is a mobile phone, we distribute much works on the server and client. Therefore, the system guarantees real-time performance of 15 or more frames per second. At first, we extract words to express feelings and its corresponding gesture from Disney video and model the gesture statistically. And then, we introduce the theory of Laban Movement Analysis to combine gesture and emotion. In order to evaluate our system, we analyze user survey responses.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.182-192
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• 2017

In this paper, we propose hand tracking system combined with color and motion information. Most of hand detection and tracking systems are performed by modeling skin color. However, in this approach, since it is highly influenced by light or surrounding objects, accurate values cannot be derived constantly. Also, depending on the skin color, hand tracking may be interrupted by not only the hand but also the background with a color similar to that of the face and skin. Therefore, we design the hand tracking that can effectively track a hand by using motion history image(MHI) and combining it with CamShift. The proposed system is implemented based on C/C++, and the experiments proved that the proposed method shows stable and excellent performance.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.358-364
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• 2007

Purpose: A life-threatening hemorrhage resulting from a severe facial fracture is rare, but it needs a prompt and aggressive treatment. Especially, a massive oronasal bleeding combined with midfacial fracture which may result from the rupture of the internal maxillary artery. With the recent advances in the radiologic intervention, its use has increased for managing these life threatening case. We reviewed its usefulness with our experiences and literatures. Methods: A retrospective review was performed to determine the usefulness of the transcatheter arterial embolization in patients with panfacial trauma. If the vital signs were unstable, cardiopulmonary resuscitation was performed. Oronasal bleeding was controlled with nasal packing and electrocautery. All injured regions were studied by radiologic study including CT. Even after primary management, if the oronasal bleeding was persistent, radiologic intervention was performed 10 patients were treated with transcatheter arterial embolization and the bleeding focus controlled by embolization with polyvinyl alcohol and gelfoam. Results: After the intervention, the vital signs became stable and there were no complications from embolization in the follow-up for 6 months. Also patients could recover through appropriate operations. Conclusion: Transcatheter arterial embolization for maxillofacial injury has many advantages for both, the doctor and the patient. First, less pain is induced than a compression device or an operation, which is another way to treat oronasal bleeding. Second, it does not need general anesthesia. And through a single procedure not only we can know the accurate bleeding point, but we can also bleeding by embolization.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.497-501
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• 2008

3D facial scanner for an accurate analysis is measured precisely a distance in straight, a distance in curved line, an angle in 3D data, the area of surface. We can easy acquire 3D data by the method of 0.8sec in each scan with easy handling, simple merge to whole face, harmless and fast process. In the HyungSang medicine, the inspection of the facial shape includes the Dam(gall bladder) - Bang Kwang(urinary bladder) body, the Jung${\cdot}$Gi${\cdot}$Shin${\cdot}$Hyul, the six merdian types etc. And we will collect the evidence based date verifing in the HyungSang clinical medicine. As we will analyze the facial whole form and the size${\cdot}$length${\cdot}$angle of the facial part, put the facial form's standardization on a solid foundation.