• Title/Summary/Keyword: 어휘자원

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The Effects of Overseas Internships on Development of English Competence (해외인턴쉽의 영어능력 발전에 미치는 영향)

  • Cha, Mi-Yang
    • Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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    • v.9 no.1
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    • pp.99-104
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    • 2019
  • In an attempt to shed light on the effects of overseas internships on foreign language development, this study investigated the differences in English compositions written by 10 Korean university students who joined an overseas internship program for 15 weeks. For data collection, the participants each wrote an English composition before and after the internship. Data collected was analyzed to discern differences in the two writings, and statistical analyses were carried out of the results. Results showed that the participants appeared to have attained lexical fluency, generating longer sentences embedded with multisyllabic, more diverse types, more complex and less redundant words in more complicated structures after the internship. This study revealed that overseas internships facilitated the growth of linguistic abilities. Korean SMEs need to enhance the global capacity of their human resources via overseas internships to strengthen their global competitiveness, apart from improving their industrial competencies such as productivity and product quality.

Construction and application of Korean Semantic-Network based on Korean Dictionary (사전을 기반으로 한 한국어 의미망 구축과 활용)

  • 최호섭;옥철영;장문수;장명길
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2002.04b
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    • pp.448-450
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    • 2002
  • 시소러스 의미망, 온톨로지 등과 같은 지식베이스는 자연언어처리와 관련된 여러 분야에서 중요한 언어자원의 역할을 담당하고 있다. 하지만 정보검색, 기계번역과 같은 특정 분야마다 다르게 구축되어 이러한 지식베이스는 실질적인 한국어 처리에는 크게 효과를 보지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문은 한국어를 대상으로 한 시소러스, 의미망의 등의 구축 방법론적 문제를 지적하고 말뭉치를 중심으로 한 텍스트 언어처리에 필요한 의미망의 구축 방법과 포괄적인 활용방안을 모색한다. 의미망 구축의 기반이 되는 지식은 각종 사전(dictionary)를 이용했으며, 구축하고 있는 의미망의 활용 가능성을 평가하기 위하여 ETRI의 의미기반 정보검색과 언어처리의 큰 문제 중 하나인 단어 중의성 해소(WSD)에서 어떻게 활용되는지를 살핀다. 그리하여 언어자인의 처리 방안 중의 하나인 의미망을 구축함으로써 언어를 효과적으로 처리하기 위한 기본적이면서 중요한 어휘 데이터베이스 마련과 동시에 언어자원 구축의 한 방향을 제시하고자 한다.

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Efficient Classification of User's Natural Language Question Types using Word Semantic Information (단어 의미 정보를 활용하는 이용자 자연어 질의 유형의 효율적 분류)

  • Yoon, Sung-Hee;Paek, Seon-Uck
    • Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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    • v.21 no.4 s.54
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    • pp.251-263
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    • 2004
  • For question-answering system, question analysis module finds the question points from user's natural language questions, classifies the question types, and extracts some useful information for answer. This paper proposes a question type classifying technique based on focus words extracted from questions and word semantic information, instead of complicated rules or huge knowledge resources. It also shows how to find the question type without focus words, and how useful the synonym or postfix information to enhance the performance of classifying module.

Semantic Information Retrieval using User-Word Intelligent Network (사용자 어휘지능망을 이용한 의미적 정보검색)

  • Kim, Chang-Hwan;Im, Ji-Hui;Choe, Ho-Seop;Yoon, Hwa-Mook;Ock, Cheol-Young
    • Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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    • 2006.11a
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    • pp.157-160
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    • 2006
  • 웹 자원이 방대함에 따라, 사용자가 원하는 정보를 얼마나 정확하게 제시하느냐가 정보검색시스템 성능을 판단하는 기준이 된다. 그러나 동형이의어만을 질의어로 이용한 검색 결과는 동형이의어 각 의미에 관련된 문서가 혼재되어 있거나, 특정 의미에 관련된 문서가 집중적으로 나타나는 현상을 볼 수 있다. 이에 본 논문에서는 한국어 사용자 어휘지능망(U-WIN)의 관계정보를 이용하여 질의어의 모호성을 해결하고 의미적 정보검색의 기반을 마련하고자 한다. 우선, 전문분야에 주로 사용되는 동형이의어와 보편적으로 사용하는 동형의어를 구번하여 질의어로 선정하고, '질의어+상위어' 형태의 확장 질의어에 대해 두 개의 포탈사이트(Google, Naver)를 대상으로 웹 문서를 검색하여 정확률이 각각 81.5%(Naver), 65.5%(Google)로 나타났다.

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KorLexClas 1.5: A Lexical Semantic Network for Korean Numeral Classifiers (한국어 수분류사 어휘의미망 KorLexClas 1.5)

  • Hwang, Soon-Hee;Kwon, Hyuk-Chul;Yoon, Ae-Sun
    • Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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    • v.37 no.1
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    • pp.60-73
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    • 2010
  • This paper aims to describe KorLexClas 1.5 which provides us with a very large list of Korean numeral classifiers, and with the co-occurring noun categories that select each numeral classifier. Differently from KorLex of other POS, of which the structure depends largely on their reference model (Princeton WordNet), KorLexClas 1.0 and its extended version 1.5 adopt a direct building method. They demand a considerable time and expert knowledge to establish the hierarchies of numeral classifiers and the relationships between lexical items. For the efficiency of construction as well as the reliability of KorLexClas 1.5, we use following processes: (1) to use various language resources while their cross-checking for the selection of classifier candidates; (2) to extend the list of numeral classifiers by using a shallow parsing techniques; (3) to set up the hierarchies of the numeral classifiers based on the previous linguistic studies; and (4) to determine LUB(Least Upper Bound) of the numeral classifiers in KorLexNoun 1.5. The last process provides the open list of the co-occurring nouns for KorLexClas 1.5 with the extensibility. KorLexClas 1.5 is expected to be used in a variety of NLP applications, including MT.

A Question Example Generation System for Multiple Choice Tests by utilizing Concept Similarity in Korean WordNet (한국어 워드넷에서의 개념 유사도를 활용한 선택형 문항 생성 시스템)

  • Kim, Young-Bum;Kim, Yu-Seop
    • The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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    • v.15A no.2
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    • pp.125-134
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    • 2008
  • We implemented a system being able to suggest example sentences for multiple choice tests, considering the level of students. To build the system, we designed an automatic method for sentence generation, which made it possible to control the difficulty degree of questions. For the proper evaluation in the multiple choice tests, proper size of question pools is required. To satisfy this requirement, a system which can generate various and numerous questions and their example sentences in a fast way should be used. In this paper, we designed an automatic generation method using a linguistic resource called WordNet. For the automatic generation, firstly, we extracted keywords from the existing sentences with the morphological analysis and candidate terms with similar meaning to the keywords in Korean WordNet space are suggested. When suggesting candidate terms, we transformed the existing Korean WordNet scheme into a new scheme to construct the concept similarity matrix. The similarity degree between concepts can be ranged from 0, representing synonyms relationships, to 9, representing non-connected relationships. By using the degree, we can control the difficulty degree of newly generated questions. We used two methods for evaluating semantic similarity between two concepts. The first one is considering only the distance between two concepts and the second one additionally considers positions of two concepts in the Korean Wordnet space. With these methods, we can build a system which can help the instructors generate new questions and their example sentences with various contents and difficulty degree from existing sentences more easily.

Analyzing Contextual Polarity of Unstructured Data for Measuring Subjective Well-Being (주관적 웰빙 상태 측정을 위한 비정형 데이터의 상황기반 긍부정성 분석 방법)

  • Choi, Sukjae;Song, Yeongeun;Kwon, Ohbyung
    • Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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    • v.22 no.1
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    • pp.83-105
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    • 2016
  • Measuring an individual's subjective wellbeing in an accurate, unobtrusive, and cost-effective manner is a core success factor of the wellbeing support system, which is a type of medical IT service. However, measurements with a self-report questionnaire and wearable sensors are cost-intensive and obtrusive when the wellbeing support system should be running in real-time, despite being very accurate. Recently, reasoning the state of subjective wellbeing with conventional sentiment analysis and unstructured data has been proposed as an alternative to resolve the drawbacks of the self-report questionnaire and wearable sensors. However, this approach does not consider contextual polarity, which results in lower measurement accuracy. Moreover, there is no sentimental word net or ontology for the subjective wellbeing area. Hence, this paper proposes a method to extract keywords and their contextual polarity representing the subjective wellbeing state from the unstructured text in online websites in order to improve the reasoning accuracy of the sentiment analysis. The proposed method is as follows. First, a set of general sentimental words is proposed. SentiWordNet was adopted; this is the most widely used dictionary and contains about 100,000 words such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs with polarities from -1.0 (extremely negative) to 1.0 (extremely positive). Second, corpora on subjective wellbeing (SWB corpora) were obtained by crawling online text. A survey was conducted to prepare a learning dataset that includes an individual's opinion and the level of self-report wellness, such as stress and depression. The participants were asked to respond with their feelings about online news on two topics. Next, three data sources were extracted from the SWB corpora: demographic information, psychographic information, and the structural characteristics of the text (e.g., the number of words used in the text, simple statistics on the special characters used). These were considered to adjust the level of a specific SWB. Finally, a set of reasoning rules was generated for each wellbeing factor to estimate the SWB of an individual based on the text written by the individual. The experimental results suggested that using contextual polarity for each SWB factor (e.g., stress, depression) significantly improved the estimation accuracy compared to conventional sentiment analysis methods incorporating SentiWordNet. Even though literature is available on Korean sentiment analysis, such studies only used only a limited set of sentimental words. Due to the small number of words, many sentences are overlooked and ignored when estimating the level of sentiment. However, the proposed method can identify multiple sentiment-neutral words as sentiment words in the context of a specific SWB factor. The results also suggest that a specific type of senti-word dictionary containing contextual polarity needs to be constructed along with a dictionary based on common sense such as SenticNet. These efforts will enrich and enlarge the application area of sentic computing. The study is helpful to practitioners and managers of wellness services in that a couple of characteristics of unstructured text have been identified for improving SWB. Consistent with the literature, the results showed that the gender and age affect the SWB state when the individual is exposed to an identical queue from the online text. In addition, the length of the textual response and usage pattern of special characters were found to indicate the individual's SWB. These imply that better SWB measurement should involve collecting the textual structure and the individual's demographic conditions. In the future, the proposed method should be improved by automated identification of the contextual polarity in order to enlarge the vocabulary in a cost-effective manner.

Automatic Generation of Named Entity Tagged Corpus using Web Search Engine (웹을 이용한 개체명 부착 말뭉치의 자동생성과 정제)

  • An, Joo-Hui;Lee, Seung-Woo;Lee, Gary Geun-Bae
    • Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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    • 2002.10e
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    • pp.85-91
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    • 2002
  • 최근 정보 추출, 질의응답 시스템 등의 고정밀 자연어처리 어플리케이션이 부각됨에 따라 개체명 인식의 중요성이 더욱 커지고 있다. 이러한 개체명 인식을 위한 학습에는 대용량의 어휘자료를 필요로 하기 때문에 충분한 학습 데이터, 즉 개체명 태그가 부착된 충분한 코퍼스가 제공되지 못하는 경우 자료희귀문제(data sparseness problem)로 인하여 목적한 효과를 내지 못하는 경우가 않다. 그러나 태그가 부착된 코퍼스를 생성하는 일은 시간과 인력이 많이 드는 힘든 작업이다. 최근 인터넷의 발전으로 웹 데이터는 그 양이 매우 많으며, 습득 또한 웹 검색 엔진을 사용해서 자동으로 모음으로써 다량의 말뭉치를 모으는 것이 매우 용이하다. 따라서 최근에는 웹을 무한한 언어자원으로 보고 웹에서 필요한 언어자원을 자동으로 뽑는 연구가 활발히 진행되고 있다. 본 연구는 이러한 연구의 첫 시도로 웹으로부터 다량의 원시(raw) 코퍼스를 얻어 개체명 태깅 학습을 위한 태그 부착 코퍼스를 자동으로 생성하고 이렇게 생성된 말뭉치를 개체면 태깅 학습에 적용하는 비교 실험을 통해 수집된 말뭉치의 유효성을 검증하고자 한다. 향후에는 자동으로 웹으로부터 개체 명 태깅 규칙과 패턴을 뽑아내어 실제 개체명 태거를 빨리 개발하여 유용하게 사용할 수 있다.

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Improving Query Translation by Extracting Parallel Sentences from Wikipedia for Cross-Language Information Retrieval (위키피디아로부터의 자동 병렬 문장 추출 기법을 이용한 영어-한국어 교차언어 정보검색의 번역 성능 개선)

  • Cheon, Juryong;Ko, Youngjoong
    • Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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    • 2015.10a
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    • pp.35-40
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    • 2015
  • 본 논문은 영어-한국어 교차언어 정보검색의 질의어 번역에 대한 중요한 자원으로 활용되는 병렬 말뭉치의 품질 향상을 위해서, 위키피디아의 비교 말뭉치로부터 자동으로 병렬 문장을 추출하여 활용하는 기법을 제안한다. 기존 연구에서 질의어 번역을 위해 위키피디아의 이중 어휘 사전 및 동의어, 다의어 정보를 구축하고, 기 기축된 병렬 말뭉치와 함께 활용하여 여러 의미를 가진 번역 후보 단어들 중, 최적의 단어를 선택하는 방법을 이용하고 있다. 여기서 활용되는 병렬 말뭉치는 질의어 번역에서 가장 중요한 자원이다. 하지만, 기 구축된 병렬 말뭉치는 양이 적거나, 특정 영역을 중심으로 구성되어 있는 문제가 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해, 본 논문은 위키피디아로부터 자동 병렬 문장 추출 기법을 이용, 대량의 영어-한국어 간 병렬 말뭉치를 구축하고, 이를 교차언어 정보검색을 위한 질의어 번역에 적용하여 개선을 보인다. 실험의 성능 비교를 위해서 NTCIR-5 데이터를 이용하였으며 기 구축된 세종 병렬 말뭉치를 활용한 질의어 번역의 성능이 MAP 31.5%, R-P 33.0%에서, 새롭게 구축한 위키피디아 병렬 말뭉치를 활용한 질의어 번역의 성능이 MAP 34.6%, R-P 34.6%로, 각각 MAP 3.1%와 R-P 1.6%의 성능 향상을 보였다.

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Addressing Low-Resource Problems in Statistical Machine Translation of Manual Signals in Sign Language (말뭉치 자원 희소성에 따른 통계적 수지 신호 번역 문제의 해결)

  • Park, Hancheol;Kim, Jung-Ho;Park, Jong C.
    • Journal of KIISE
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    • v.44 no.2
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    • pp.163-170
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    • 2017
  • Despite the rise of studies in spoken to sign language translation, low-resource problems of sign language corpus have been rarely addressed. As a first step towards translating from spoken to sign language, we addressed the problems arising from resource scarcity when translating spoken language to manual signals translation using statistical machine translation techniques. More specifically, we proposed three preprocessing methods: 1) paraphrase generation, which increases the size of the corpora, 2) lemmatization, which increases the frequency of each word in the corpora and the translatability of new input words in spoken language, and 3) elimination of function words that are not glossed into manual signals, which match the corresponding constituents of the bilingual sentence pairs. In our experiments, we used different types of English-American sign language parallel corpora. The experimental results showed that the system with each method and the combination of the methods improved the quality of manual signals translation, regardless of the type of the corpora.