• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.1 s.32
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• pp.207-210
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• 2006

${\ulcorner}$상한잡병론(傷寒雜病論)${\lrcorner}$에 나오는 양허증의 병인병리(病因病理)에 대한 내용을 종합하여 검토하고, 그 처방의 구성 약물과 용약 규율에 대하여 살펴본 결과, 양허증을 치료하는 상용약물로는 부자 계지 건강 오수유 생강 등이 쓰였음을 알 수 있었다. 임상에서 약을 사용할 때에는 장부의 생리적 특징에 근거하여 약물을 배합하여야 좋은 효과를 얻을 수 있다. 예를 들어 심양허(心陽虛)에는 계지감초(桂枝甘草)에 복령(茯笭)을 배합하고, 신양허(腎陽虛)에는 진무탕(眞武湯) 신기환 등(等)에 복령(茯笭), 택사(澤瀉), 백출(白朮) 등의 약물을 배합하여, 비양허(脾陽虛)로 인한 담음(痰飮)에는 계지감초(桂枝甘草)의 신감(辛甘)한 약성으로 화양(化陽)하고, 복령(茯笭), 백출(白朮)로 건비리습(健脾利濕)하는 영계출감탕을 사용하며, 심하(心下)에 수(水)가 정체된 경우에는 윗 처방에 사인 백두구 등의 온건비위(溫健脾胃)하고 성비소식(醒脾消食)하는 약물을 가하여 사용한다. 폐양허(肺陽虛)하여 폐위가 된 경우에는 감초(甘草) 건강(乾姜) 등을 사용하여 온폐복기하는데, 이는 ‘배토생금(培土生金)’의 의미이다. 간양허(肝陽虛)가 나타나는 경우는 매우 드문데, 위기가 허한(虛寒)하여 간(肝)이 소설(疏泄)작용을 못할 때에는, 오수유(吳茱萸)로 온위산한(溫胃散寒)하고, 인삼(人參) 대조(大棗)로 보중익기하며, 오수유(吳茱萸) 생강(生姜)의 신산(辛散)작용으로 간기를 다스리는 오수유탕(吳茱萸湯)을 사용하여 강역지구(降逆止嘔)하며, 혼(魂)을 수렴하지 못하여 생긴 실안(失眼)에는 산조인탕(酸棗仁湯)으로 보간(補肝)하여 치료하며, 간경(肝經)에 한사(寒邪)가 침입하여 근맥이 연급(攣急)하게 된 경우에는 지주산(蜘蛛散)을 사용하여 온경산한(溫經散寒)한다.

• The Journal of Dong Guk Oriental Medicine
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.67-89
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• 1997

The heart takes the top position as the monarch of the physiological activity in five viscera and six bowels. Activity to think and ponder, or harmony of the function of viscera and bowels and passing smoothly of qi and blood and so on, these depend on the function of heart. So it is called the center of life activity. This thesis studied bibliographically the process of formation of the system of differention of syndromes. First, in the classify of deficiency syndrome, insufficiency of the Heart is classified deficiency of the Heart-yin and insufficiency of the Heart-yang. After it classified insufficiency of the Heart-qi, insufficiency of the Heart-yang, dificiency of the 'Heart-blood and deficiency of the Heart-yin. At lately it classified more subdivide into insufficiency of the Heart-qi, insufficiency of the Heart-yang, dificiency of the Heart-blood, deficiency of the Heart-yin. Deficiency of the Heart-qi yin, deficiency of the Heart-qi blood, deficiency of the Heart-yin yang and sudden exhaustion of the Heart-yang. Second, It were the most important that the phlegm, fire and heat in the classify of excess syndrome. It classified various differentiation of syndrome. In the beginning of a period, it only classified phlegm syndrome and heat syndrome, but recently it classified not only phlegm syndrome and heat syndrome but also phlegm-fire. Also, It classified importantly gradually Heart-blood stasis caused by deficiency of the Heart-qi and the Heart-yang. Variety and subdivision of classify of differentiation of syndrome seemed resault of study to prepare various disease. And that after demanded more and more positive study.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.143-157
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• 2007

통과분석(通過分析)"금궤요략심전 혈비허노병맥증병치제육(血痺虛勞病脈證幷治第六)" 조문중우재경주석적특미(條文中尤在經註釋的特微), 득출여하결론(得出如下結論) : 인위혈비적발병원인(認爲血痺的發病原因), 주요시양허위외불고(主要是陽虛衛外不固), 기주요증상(其主要症狀), 시신체불인(是身體不仁). 여풍사소치적풍비구별개(與風邪所致的風痺區別개). 음양구미중적음양(陰陽俱微中的陰陽), 해석위(解釋爲)'해인영(該人迎), 부양(趺陽), 태계위언(太溪爲言)'. 인위허노천증적병인시기허혹양허(認爲虛勞喘症的病因是氣虛或陽虛), 여일반인위시신불납기적관점유소부동(與一般認爲是腎不納氣的觀點有所不同). 인위건중적중시사운지축(認爲建中的中是四運之軸), 음양지기(陰陽之機), 구체지비위(具體指脾胃). 영위생성우수곡(營衛生成于水穀), 수곡전수우비위(水穀轉輸于脾胃). 비위시음양순환적관건(脾胃是陰陽循環的關鍵). 위료화음양조영위(爲了和陰陽調營衛), 강조필수사용구우중기지입적치법(强調必需使用求于中氣之立的治法).

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.370-378
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• 2007

${\ulcorner}$Zhujieshanghanlun(註解傷寒論)${\lrcorner}$ are som particular points as below ; first, set up the concepts of chuanjing(傅經), zaichuanjing(再傅經), and guojing(過經). Second, suggested the half exterior and half interior syndrome(半表半裏證) firstly. The third, understood origin literature by the distinguished way for syndrome in accordance with the Yin and Yang(陰陽). Forth, wangyang(亡陽) is described by two different syndromes. One is with perspiration. The other is yangxuzheng(양허증(陽虛證)) from injured yangqi(陽氣). Fifth, xialibiannongxue(下利便膿血) was distinguished by the generic characters of The Cold and Hot(熱${\cdot}$寒). The last, ${\ulcorner}$Shanghanlun${\lrcorner}$ (傷寒論) was described at the view of viscera & bowels's physiology and their pathology. And shaoyin(少陰) disease was aware of kidney case and Taiyin(太陰) disease was aware of spleen case. There are two different cases of bowel diseases. One is that xieqi(邪氣) goes in stomach of Yangming(陽明). The other is that xieqi(邪氣) follows channel and goes into bowel.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.153-166
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• 2013

Yang deficiency pattern is a representative syndrome differentiation. This article is a study on to which categories of modern diseases yang deficiency is assigned by reference to modern clinical papers and the meaning of yang deficiency interpreted with a perspective of Korean Medicine and a modern perspective. Yang deficiency, yang qi deficiency, lack of yang qi and yang qi debilitation are the words found in "Nei Ching" and yang qi can be interpreted as something to warm, drive and arouse. Zhangzhongjing considered recovery or loss of Yang as the key to life in "Shanghanlun". Danxi proposed "Yang being liable to hyperactivity, Yin being insufficient" and emphasized pathological ministerial fire of Yang exuberance rather than physiological ministerial fire of Yang deficiency. Zhangjingyue proposed "Yang not being in excess, Yin being often deficient" and understood growth and decline of yin qi are all led by yang qi and put emphasis on true yin in addition to yang qi. Diseases of yang deficiency pattern are related with decline of metabolic level, hypofunction of internal secretion, disorder of immune function, disorder of automatic nerve system, sympathetic nerve inhibition, metabolic disorder of microelements, increase of cGMP, change of microcirculation, low speed of blood stream, kidney malfunction. Diseases related with kidney are sterility, polycystic ovary syndrome, spinal stenosis, edema, renal failure, IgA nephropathy, erectile dysfunction, nephritis, prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia, decrease of adrenal cortical hormone by nephrotic syndrome, myelodysplastic syndrome. Disease related with heart are heart failure, arrhythmia, cardiomyopathy, atherosclerosis heart disease, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, pulmonary heart disease. Diseases related with spleen are irritable bowel syndrome, ulcerative colitis. Diseases related with liver are hypothyroidism, liver cirrhosis ascites, hepatitis B, chronic hepatitis, hepatic diabetes. Diseases related with lung are allergic rhinitis, cough variant asthma, bronchial asthma, pulmonary emphysema. And diabetes mellitus, metabolic syndrome, aplastic anemia, headache, encephalatrophy, Alzheimer's disease are also related with yang deficiency.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.1742-1748
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• 2006

In order to establish the manifestational symptoms in men and women and highly frequent symptoms(HFS) of deficiency of Qi and blood(氣虛, 血虛), stagnation of Qi(氣滯), deficiency of Yin(陰虛), deficiency of Yang(陽虛), and, 546 questionaires were analyzed through Cronbach alpha value and Pearson's correlative efficient. Symptomatic differences of male and female specimens were as follows. HFS of Qi deficiency were similar in terms of inactivity like mental and physical fatigue, enervation in men and women. In blood deficiency, dizziness and light sleep were common in men and women, but mucosal symptoms of conjunctiva, lip, nail bed were more frequent in women than men. Emotional explosion was common in Qi stagnation, then women had more motivation-related symptoms than men. Inner heat was frequently arisen in Yin deficiency in both, and the heat was expressed more common in exterior and upper part in women but in interior abdominal part in men. In Yang deficiency, main symptoms of men were feeling coldness in peripheral, but Qi deficiency symptoms were more common in women former than coldness.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.1-9
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• 2023

Objectives: To study symptom differentiation for yang deficiency and blood heat based on 117 psoriasis patients. Methods: Obtained frequency analysis (%), mean (%), and OR, CL(P-value) with prospective pre-post intervention design and multiple regression analysis. Results: There were no statistically significant differences as to sex, BMI, smoking and marital status, but there were statistically significant differences in variables of average age, family history, and alcohol consumption (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in psoriasis symptoms as to initial age of onset, morbidity span, area of the initial onset, and the progression of psoriasis during the last three months of each patient. However, the type of psoriasis showed a statistically significant difference (p=0.011). While there were no statistically significant differences as to common cold, condition of psoriasis after recovering from the cold, skin condition, exercise, and seasonality, irregular perspiration showed significant difference (p<0.00). When confounding factors have been controlled the blood heat patient group as the comparison group, multiple regression analysis showed OR, CI(95%) of 1.06(0.31-3.63) for men, 0.28(0.08-1.06) for aged 30 to 49,0 and 0.18(0.04-0.80) for aged 50 and older. it was 0.06(0.01-0.7) for family history, 1.06(0.29-3.88) for drink alcohol, 19.90(2.53-156.7) for seasonality, and 10.28 (3.19-33.11) for perspiration problems. In these variables, Sex, age, smoking, and alcohol consumption showed no statistically significant results, but family history(p=0.049), seasonality(p=0.005), and irregular perspiration (p=0.017) were statistically significant. Conclusion: Family history, seasonality and irregular perspiration are the determining factors for yang deficiency and blood heat in psoriasis.

• The Journal of the Society of Stroke on Korean Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 2019

■ Objectives The purpose of this study is to report the improvement of dilated cardiomyopathy after traditional Korean medical treatment; herb-med, acupuncture, moxibustion. ■ Methods A patient with cardiomyopathy whose chef complaint was oversleep, shortness of breath, fatigue and coldness of hand-foot received inpatient treatment from September 2^nd 2019 to September 23^rd 2019. And we analyzed treatment progress and result. ■ Results We observed that traditional Korean medical treatment decreased symptoms; Fatigue by 30% and Coldness of hand-foot by 100%. And The patient's general condition is improved. ■ Conclusion We report this clinical study to be helpful in treating patients of dilated cardiomyopathy by traditional Korean medicine.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.53-64
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• 1989

In an attempt to investigate the current of clinical researches on spleen yang or vital energy deficiency syndrome, the results were as follows. 1. It is possible to occure spleen deficiency syndrome which come from genetic factor. 2. The absorption disturbance in spleen deficiency syndrome can be likely caused by gastrointestinal mucosa injury, disorder of vagus nerve funtion and impairment of excretion of exocrine gland in pancreas. 3. Owing to the failure of tansporting and converting funtion of spleen, minerals, hematogenic substance and nutritional substance are scanty and then imbalanced metabolism state which heat production is decreasing is appeared. 4. By the failure of vital energy and blood growth, decreasement of $O_2$ transportation ability of RBC, disoder of blood coagulation, immune system disturbance which humoral immunity is enhanced and cellular immunity is decreased, are noted. 5. While there is not still an attemt to study the spleen deficiency sydrome in muscle disease or disease of four extremities, but it is likely suggested that spleen-stomach supplyment thereapy is very excellent effect on muscle disease and disease of four extremities.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.136-146
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• 2006

파(把) "상한론(傷寒論)" 지중풍여상한적발병원인(之中風與傷寒的發病原因), 인위구분성풍사여한사(認爲區分成風邪與寒邪), 시불태적당(時不太適當). 우시(于是), 논자이사기적경중여체질(論者以邪氣的輕重與體質)(양기(陽氣))적성쇠(的盛衰), 진행중풍여상한적분석(進行中風與傷寒的分析), 득도료여하적결론(得到了如下的結論). 기일시(基一是), 중풍시양기허적인감수료경적풍한사(中風是陽氣虛的人感受了輕的風寒邪), 소이사기침입우기육(所以邪氣侵入于肌肉). 상한시양기성적인감수료중적풍한사(傷寒是陽氣盛的人感受了重的風寒邪), 소이사기유우부표(所以邪氣留于膚表). 기이시(其二是), 중풍인정사적대치상태소완(中風因正邪的代置狀態疎緩), 소이기맥위부완(所以其脈爲浮緩). 상한시정사대치우부표이집중우피모(傷寒是正邪代置于膚表而集中于皮毛), 소이기맥위부긴(所以其脈爲浮緊). 기삼시(其三是), 중풍지사기직접거영향우인체(中風之邪氣直接去影響于人體), 소이위(所以爲)“즉발열(卽發熱)”. 상한적(傷寒的) “혹미발열(或未發熱)”시(是), 성적양기가이억제사기적상태(盛的陽氣可以抑制邪氣的狀態). “혹기발열(或己發熱)” 시양기수성이부가이억제중사적상태(是陽氣雖盛而不可以抑制重邪的狀態). 기사시(其四是), 중풍시인양기허이불가이고섭(中風是因陽氣虛而不可以固攝), 소이위자한(所以爲自汗). 상한시강성적정사도취우부표이울폐(傷寒是强盛的正邪都聚于膚表而鬱閉), 소이위무한(所以爲無汗). 기오시(其五是), 중풍감수료경적사기(中風感受了輕的邪氣), 소이견풍이재손양기(所以見風而再損陽氣), 재회유악풍한적증상(才會有惡風寒的症狀). 상한시감수료중적사기(傷寒是感受了重的邪氣), 소이수거밀실이유악풍한적증(所以雖居密室而有惡風寒的症). 기육시(其六是), 계지탕유해기적효능(桂枝湯有解肌的效能), 소이능치중풍증(所以能治中風證). 마황탕유축부표지사기적효능(麻黃湯有逐膚表之邪氣的效能), 소이치상한증(所以治傷寒證). 기칠시(其七是), “발어양(發於陽)”시당우상한(是當于傷寒), “양(陽)”적의사상당시최표층부적부표(的意思相當是最表層部的膚表). “발어음(發於陰)”시당우중풍(是當于中風), “음(陰)”적의사상당우비부표교심부적기육(的意思相當于比膚表較深部的肌肉). 기팔시(其八是), “풍가(風家)”시인양허이역환중풍적인(是因陽虛而易患中風的人).