• Archives of Craniofacial Surgery
• /
• v.11 no.2
• /
• pp.73-76
• /
• 2010

Purpose: There are several surgical methods for correcting a velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) but in some cases, it is not possible to achieve complete recovery of the velopharyngeal function. This paper introduces a new therapy for treating hypernasality without further surgery using continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). Methods: CPAP therapy was applied to seven VPI patients for eight weeks from April of 2007 to September of 2009. All patients underwent palatoplasty for the cleft palate and six patients underwent palatal lengthening for VPI before CPAP therapy. A speech pathologist performed an auditory perceptual evaluation to evaluate the improvement in hypernasality after 8-week CPAP therapy. Results: Six patients showed an improvement in hypernasality after CPAP therapy according to the auditory perceptual evaluation. One patient with severe hypernasality responded to the early part of therapy but the hypernasality did not improve after therapy. Conclusion: CPAP therapy might be effective in reducing the hypernasality in patients with VPI by providing resistance training to strengthen the velopharyngeal closure muscles. In particular, CPAP therapy could be more effective for patients who show mild to moderate hypernasality after surgery.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
• /
• v.18 no.1
• /
• pp.45-53
• /
• 1984

The purpose of this study is to observe the changes of pulmonary capillary permeability and various hemodynamic parameters before and after Positive End-Expiratory Pressure(PEEP) in Adult Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). Using a canine oleic acid induced ARDS model, we measured the pulmonary capillary permeability with a slope of lung: heart radioactivity ratio, hemodynamic parameters with Swan-Ganz catheter and blood gas tensions. 1) In normal and ARDS dogs, the PEEP didn't significantly influence the slope of lung: heart radioactivity ratio. But in ARDS group the slope index was increased compaired with that of control group (p<0.05). 2) Also in ARDS group, $PaO_2$ was significantly decreased, and $PaCO_2,\;PvCO_2$, MPAP, $AaDO_2$, Qs/Qt were significantly increased compared with those of control group (p<0.05). 3) In normal dogs, the PEEP didn't influence blood pH or gas tension, $AaDO_2$, Qs/Qt, or hemodynamics. 4) In ARDS dogs, however, the PEEP significantly increased $PaO_2$ and decreased $AaDO_2$, Qs/Qt (p<0.05).

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
• /
• v.5 no.1
• /
• pp.105-110
• /
• 1988

The study was undertaken to determine the most adequate tidal volume when used volume preset ventilator during anesthesia. The thirty patients were received controlled mechanical ventilation with constant inspiratory pressure of 10cmH2O and respiratory frequency of 12/minute. The results were as follows : 1) The PH was $7.39{\pm}0.01$ and it is within normal limit. 2) The $PaCO_2$ was $34.0{\pm}0.6$ mmHg and it is a slightly hyperventilatory state. 3) The $PaO_2$ was $228.0{\pm}8.2$ mmHg. 4) The Buffer base was $20.7{\pm}0.3mEql$ and it is a slightly buffer base deficient state. From the above results. We concluded that if patients were fully relaxed during general anesthesia, it is desirable to maintain the inspiratory pressure of anesthetic mechanical ventilator to $10cmH_2O$ for adeguate alveolar ventilation.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.6 no.3
• /
• pp.72-81
• /
• 1999

The purpose of this study was to identify the differences in pulmonary functioning after respiratory exercise with IPPB (Intermittent Positive Pressure Breather) in patients with progressive muscular dystrophy (PMD). The subjects were 46 patients with PMD who were admitted to the Rehabilitation Medicine Department of Youngdong Severance Hospital. The subjects were assigned into one of 2 groups. The control group received comprehensive treatments such as ROM exercise, deep breathing exercise, moist hot packs, and ultrasound twice a day while admitted at the Rehabilitation Medicine Department. Unlike the control group, the subjects at the experimental group received respiratory exercise treatment with IPPB. The subjects were admitted for 10~19 days, and the average length of hospital stay was 12.2 days. Pulmonary functioning was evaluated at admission and discharge by SENSOR MEDICS. The data were analyzed by a paired t-test and a independent t-test. The results were as follows: 1) The change of each parameter of pulmonary function tests were significantly improved in all groups after respiratory exercise treatment during admission (p<0.05). 2) By comparing the change of each parameter of pulmonary function tests between the experimental group and control group, the parameters of vital capacity (VC), forced vital capacity, forced vital capacity predicted (FVCP) and forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1) were significantly improved in the experimental group which had received the pulmonary exercise treatment with IPPB (p<0.05). In conclusion, this study suggests that the pulmonary exercise treatments with IPPB facilitated improvement in the pulmonary functioning for the PMD patients during their hospital stay.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
• /
• v.44 no.1
• /
• pp.94-99
• /
• 2007

Many cases of acute cardiac shock and cardiac arrest in emergency room and ICU have been increasing. In this case, ECMO with centrifugal pump has been used generally. However, due to the heavy weight and big size, the system is not adequate for emergency cases. And other defects of this system are that membrane oxygenator's pressure is high and blood are exposed to the air. There was some tries of ECMO using pulsatile pump, but it was found that the weak point of these system is high peak pressure and hemolysis. The mechanism of twin pulsatile pump is that Membrane oxygenator Outlet Pump(MOP) make negative pressure when Membrane oxygenator Inlet Pump(MIP) provides high positive pressure, and the negative pressure will decrease positive pressure of Membrane Oxygenator. Our group analyzed this advantage through In-Vitro and 12 Cases In-Vivo test.

• Anxiety and mood
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.157-159
• /
• 2008

Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been known as a safe and effective therapy for the patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Previous studies on CPAP treatment have often reported significant improvement in mood state in those patients. However, there are very few reports on its potential to induce manic or hypomanic episode in the patients with OSA. We report a case of 34-year-old patient with OSA who developed manic and hypomanic episodes consecutively after CPAP treatment with facial mask. We suggest that CPAP treatment could induce a manic or hypomanic episode in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• v.30 no.11
• /
• pp.1149-1153
• /
• 1997

Unilateral reexpansion pulmonary edema(RPE) is generally considered a rare complication occurring when a chronically atelectatic lung is rapidly reexpanded by tube thoracostomy or thoracentesis. It can also take place when the lung collapse is of short duration or when the lung is reexpanded without intrapleural sucti n. We experienced a case of RPE following surgical resection in mediastinal thymic cyst A 26 year old female patient suffered from long-standing atelectasis of the right lung due to a huge mediastinal cyst that was misrecognized as tuberculous pleural effusion. Empyema developed after iatrogenic rupture of mediastinal cyst by pig-tailed tube thoracostomy. We successfally managed the ruptured mediastinal thymic cyst, empyema and postoperatively developed RPE following reexpansion of the collapsed lung. The patient was treated with drugs and mechanical ventilation with positive end-expiratory pressure for RPE. The remainder of her hospital course was uneventful.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
• /
• v.51 no.6
• /
• pp.585-589
• /
• 2001

Pneumoperitoneum, Pneumomediastinum, subcutaneous emphysema and a pneumothorax are some of the mechanical complications of bronchial asthma. The incidence of pneumoperitoneum during an attack of acute asthma is rare. The pathogenesis is free gas track from the overdistended alveoli, through the bronchovascular sheaths to the mediastinum. If the high pressure is maintained, air can escape retroperitoneally into the abdomen and burst into the peritoneal cavity. A 43-year-old woman was admitted due to a severe asthma attack. She was required endotracheal intubation and AMBU(air mask bag unit) ventilation. Immediately after these procedures, pneumoperitonewn, pnewnomediastinwn, and subcutaneous emphysema developed. She was treated with mechanical ventilation and medical therapy. The pneumoperitonewn was resolved after 27days. Here, we report this case with the review of the relevant literature.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.324-328
• /
• 2019

There are several dedicated individual chambers for sports that are supplied and used, but none of them are multi-pressured all-in-one chambers that can provide a sport-multi environment simultaneously. In this study, we design a multi-pressure (positive / atmospheric / negative pressure) integrated chamber that can be used for the sport-multi-artificial environment system. We presented new chamber designs with enlarged space for the tall users and then carried out structural analysis with maximum stress and structural safety. Under the targeted allowable pressure conditions, maximum stresses occurred at the joint of the shell and the entrance, the structural safety of the chamber was evaluated with the allowable stress of its material. As a result of the structural analysis of the multi-pressure integrated chamber, the maximum stress for the positive pressure and negative pressure conditions was much smaller than the allowable stress of its material. And as a result of the structural safety evaluation, it was confirmed that the design of the final prototype for the chamber was structurally safe by satisfying the safety factor of 2 or more.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
• /
• v.20 no.5
• /
• pp.87-92
• /
• 2019

This study is the analysis of causes of printed circuit board (PCB) in collective protection equipment failure and quality improvement. The equipment is a component of the weapon system currently in operation and serves to defend against enemy chemical and biological attack as well as heating and cooling functions. However, during operation in the military, fans of condensate assembly failed to operate. The cause of the failure is the burning of PCB. It was found that the parts were heated according to the continuous cooling operation under the high temperature environmental conditions. Accordingly, the electronic components exposed to high temperature were deteriorated and destroyed. To solve this problem, PCB apply to heatsink. The performance test of improved PCB has been completed. Futhermore system compatibility, positive pressure maintenance and noise test were performed. This improvement confirmed that no faults have occurred in PCB so far. Therefore, the quality of the equipment has improved.