• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.45 no.2 s.143
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• pp.201-209
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• 2006

Five strains of Korean entomopathogenic nematodes (EPN), steinernematids and heterorhabditids were evaluated and tried in laboratory, pot, and vegetable greenhouses for environmentally friendly control of diamondback moth (DBM), Plutella xyiostella, from 2002 to 2005. LC$_{50}$ values of five EPN strains against DBM were different depending on nematode strain and DBM instar. LC$_{50}$ value of Steinernema carpocapsae GSN1 (GSN1) was the lowest representing 2.6$\sim$3.9 infective juveniles (Ijs, 3rd stage) to 2nd to 4th instars of DBM. Pathogenicity of five effective strains against DBM was different depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and vegetable in pot. The most effective nematode was GSN1. Steinernema spp. was more effective than Heterorhabditis spp. against DBM. Two or three times of applications of EPN were effective regardless of nematode strain and concentration in pot. Efficacy of EPN was different depending on vegetable species. Efficacy was higher on Chinese cabbage, red mustard, and Ssamchoo than that on cabbage, kale, and leaf broccoli. Efficacy of GSN1, Steinernema GSNUS-10, Steinernema CSNUS-14, and Heterorhabditis GSNUH-1 was variable depending on nematode strain, concentration, application times, and vegetable in greenhouse experiments. GSN1 was the most effective and 100,000 infective juveniles per m$^2$(=$1\times10^9$ Ijs/ha) resulted in higher efficacy. Three times of application of nematodes led to higher control efficacy than one or two applications. Efficacy of nematodes was higher on Chinese cabbage than cabbage or kale in greenhouse.

• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.199-210
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• 2022

This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the type and number of enrichments on growth performance, blood characteristics, footpad dermatitis (FPD) incidence, and litter moisture in broilers. A total of 1,140 1-day-old male Ross 308 broilers were assigned to a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement based on the type of enrichment (cabbage, alfalfa block, and angle sawdust) and the number of enrichments (one or two per 38 broilers). The growth performance, blood characteristics, FPD incidence, and litter moisture of the broilers were evaluated. Body weight and feed conversion rate were significantly improved (P<0.05) in the alfalfa block and sawdust group compared to the cabbage group, but there was no interaction effect between the type and number of enrichments. The heterophil/lymphocyte ratio, a stress index, was significantly decreased (P<0.05) in the alfalfa block and sawdust groups compared with the cabbage group. The incidence of FPD was significantly decreased in the order of cabbage (3.78), alfalfa block (3.06), and sawdust (1.43) groups at 5 weeks of age. Moreover, there was a significant decrease in the incidence of FPD (P<0.05) in the one-enrichment group compared with the two-enrichment group. Litter moisture at 5 weeks of age was significantly reduced in the sawdust group compared to the cabbage and alfalfa groups, but there was no significant difference in the interaction between the type and number of enrichments. It was concluded that sawdust enrichment positively influenced both growth performance and the animal welfare of broilers. In addition, it is expected that sawdust can be used to regulate litter moisture.

• Korean Journal Plant Pathology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.364-366
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• 1998

Bacterial soft rot was occurrenced on stems of cauliflower at a trial field of Alpine Agricultural Experiment Station, Kangwon-Do, Korea. the symptoms began as a small water-soaked lesion, which enlarged rapidly in diameter. The tissue within the affected region became slimy, disintegrating into a mushy mass of disorganized cells. The causal organism was isolated from the diseases lesions and was identified as Erwinia carotovora subsp. carotovora based on the morphological, physiological and chemical characteristics , and on the results of the Biolog program (Biolog Inc., U. S. A.). E. carotovora subsp. carotovora is the first described bacterium which causes bacterial soft rot on cauliflower in Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2005.10b
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• pp.172-173
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• 2005

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Postharvest Science and Technology of Agricultural Products Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.119.2-120
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• 2003

신선편이 채소류의 유통 중 품질변화를 조사하고자 대형 할인 매장에서 시판중인 8종의 포장된 제품을 구입하여 4$^{\circ}C$에서 냉장저장하면서 변화를 조사하였다. 선정 품목은 양상추, 양배추, 치커리, 버섯(양송이), 연근, 우엉, 도라지, 마늘로서 총 8가지 채소류를 대상으로 하였으며, 각 시료에 따라 엽채류는 2일, 버섯, 우엉, 도라지는 3일, 마늘은 4일, 연근은 5일 간격으로 다음의 항목을 조사하였다. 중량감소율, 경도, 가용성 고형분, pH를 측정하였으며, 색의 변화는 Hunter ‘a’, ‘b’ 및 ‘L’값으로 나타내었으며 표면의 갈변도를 기계적으로 측정하기 어려운 경우 마쇄 후 여액의 흡광도(420nm)로 측정하여 나타내었다. 이와 함께 포장지 내부의 기체조성 변화 측정을 통해 호흡특성을 함께 조사하였다. 중량감소율의 경우 모든 시료가 현저히 증가하였으나 진공포장된 연근, 우엉의 경우 중량감소율이 낮았으며, 특히 우엉은 호흡률이 높아 저장 6일째에 진공이 해제되었다. 마늘과 우엉의 pH는 감소하였고, 나머지는 전체적으로 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 특히 엽채류와 도라지의 O.D value의 증가와 버섯의 L value 감소가 현저하여 이 품목에서 갈변이 빠르게 진행됨을 알 수 있었다.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.291-298
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• 2010

The influence of cabbage powder on sensory acceptance and physical functions of Jeungpyun, were assessed. As fermentation continued, pH dropped and evolved carbon dioxide significantly increased. Moisture content of cabbage powder-amended Jeungpyun ranged from 51.1~55.5%, and were lower than those of control samples. Jeungpyun prepared with 8~10% cabbage powder displayed significantly lower specific volumes. As the level of cabbage powder increased, the L-value was reduced, while the a- and b-values increased. Hardness was not significantly different among the control, 2%, 4% and 6% samples. Chewiness tended to increased in proportion to the level of cabbage powder. Sensory scores were lowest for Jeungpyun prepared with 8~10% cabbage powder. The results indicate that addition of 4~6% cabbage powder to Jeungpyun produces the optimal product.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.8-14
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• 1969

Salt tolerances of Chinese cabbage and cabbage were observed by means of the sand culture and field experiment. The point of 50% yield reduction of Chinese Cabbage was 1% of salt concentration in sand culture. The Na absorption in the salty upland conditions was increased but the absorption of Ca, Mg were interrupted as the salt concentration was raised and there were no differences in the absorption of N and P. The Si absorption was increased at low salty conditions, but the salt concentration was raised, the absorption was interrupted drastically. The cabbage was more stronger salt tolerance than Chinese cabbage, and it was possible to prevent the salt damage significantly by planting on sloping beds instead of planting on the double-row beds in field condition.

• Corrugated packaging logistics
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• v.3 no.14
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• pp.93-118
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• 1996

이 보고서는 우리나라 공산품 및 농산물의 상품화, 포장화 유통개선 사상, 그 마지막 포장화 대상품목인 배추$\cdot$무우$\cdot$양배추$\cdot$파$\cdot$마늘 등에 대한 포장화 추진계획은 그간 정부, 농업관계단체, 생산농가 및 포장재 생산업계에서 부단히 노력하여 왔으며, 특히 골판지포장업계에서는 1993년 12월 10일부로 무포장 Bulk로 수송 판매되고 있는 배추$\cdot$무우 포장용 골판지 상자에 대하여 골판지포장조합 단체표준규격을 제정, 통상산업부 공업진흥청의 승인을 받은 것을 시발점으로 하여, 최근 들어 환경정책상 배추쓰레기 감량화, 배추의 유통 개선$\cdot$출하비용의 절감 및 배추의 손모율 감소 선도유지 대책과 맞물려, 배추포장화 정책이 급진전을 보게 되어, 한국골판지포장조합이 조사 추진한 배추포장화 활동과 서울특별시농수산물도매시장관리공사 등이 분석한 자료로 그 추진경과$\cdot$배추포장용 골판지상자 표준규격 및 관련자료 통계를 엮어 관계자 여러분의 참고자료로 제공한 것입니다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.224-228
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• 1990

Cabbage contained high peroxidase activity among tested plant sources. The cabbage peroxi-dase can replace horseradish peroxidase to assay glucose with glucose oxidase. The amount of glucose can be determined quantitatively by glucose oxidase-cabbage peroxidase. The opti-mum pH and temperature for enzymatic glucose determination by glucose oxidase-cabbage peroxidase were 6.0 and 35-45$^{\circ}C$ respectively. The glucose assay was inhibited by addition of various metal salts such as mercuric chloride lead acetate silver nitrate ammonium molyb-date sodium tunstate and cupric sulfate. The relationship between absorbance and amount of glucose was linear up to 8.33 mM glucose in the assay mixture under the assay conditions.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.350-355
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• 1995

This study was conducted to use oyster shells, which have caused environmental problems in the coastal of Korea, as an agricultural material after processing. Physico-chemical components and neutralizing amount on the Ihyun silt loam of crushed oyster shell and slaked lime were examined. In field experiment, the properties of the soil, growth and yield of lettuce, cabbage, spinach, onion, red pepper and soybean were examined by the treatments of the shell(3.68ton/ha) or the lime (2.76ton/ha) with a randomized block design. Particle size of crushed oyster shell consisted of 73.4% of 1~60mesh and 26.6% larger then 61 mesh and contents of CaO, OM, and $P_2O_5$, etc. were 55.5%, 1.3%, and 0.29%, respectively. The requirement of the shell to neutralize the soil was 130~135% of the lime, but after 24months, it was the same. The application of the shell increased the contents of available $P_2O_5$ and $SiO_2$ exchangeable Ca in used soil. The shell tratment increased the leaf height, leaf width, etc. of the examined plants, and the yields 6~154% according to examined plants, as compared with the nonliminged, indicating that the shell possesses a great potential as an agricultural material with the same effectiveness as the lime.