• Title/Summary/Keyword: 약제희석능력

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Characteristics and Antimicrobial Resistance Patterns of Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Horse (국내 말에서 분리된 Staphylococcus aureus의 특성 및 약제 내성 양상)

  • Choi, Seong-Kyoon;Cho, Gil-Jae
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.69-74
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    • 2008
  • This study carried out to investigate the antimicrobial resistance and biochemical characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) isolated from reproductive and respiratory tract in Thoroughbred horse. The specimens were collected from equine vaginal mucosa and upper respiratory tract from March to December 2006 using a culture swab in Korea. S. aureus suspected colonies on blood agar plates were selected and identified as standard biochemical tests and PCR (Applied Biosystems, USA). Antimicrobial resistance test of S. aureus isolates was performed with 30 antimicrobial agents (BBL, USA) by using the agar disk diffusion method. S. aureus isolates were isolated 58 (39.2%) strains of 148 samples: wound 64.7% (11/17), genital discharge 37.0% (37/100) and nasal discharge 32.2% (10/31). Almost isolates showed high resistance to spectinomycin, sulfonamides, erythromycin, tetracyelin, ciprofloxacin and penicillin. These results may provide the basic information to establish strategies for treatment and prevention of reproductive and respiratory disease in Thoroughbred horses in Korea.

Analysis of Drainage Efficiency of Different Type of Drainage using Computational Fluid Dynamic Method (유동해석을 통한 배수지형태에 따른 배수효율분석)

  • Cho, Jung-Yeon;Go, Sun-Ho;Kim, Hong-Gun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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    • v.16 no.2
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    • pp.34-43
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    • 2017
  • Large amounts of household water are required as common households change from the single-residence types of the past to group-residence types. Therefore, the management of reservoirs is urgently required to ensure the supply of clean household water to users. Important considerations for household water include the duration for which the water is stored in the reservoir, the disinfectant's dilution capacity, and the size of the reservoir to allow for the amount of water required for emergencies and firefighting. The drainage efficiency was analyzed in this study using computational fluid analysis for existing rectangular reservoirs and the newly proposed hexagonal reservoir. Thus, it was determined that the centrifugal force generated at the inlet was maintained until the outlet due to the approximately circular shape of the hexagonal reservoir. The findings of this study verified that the centrifugal force improved the flow rate by approximately 35% compared to existing rectangular reservoirs and that drainage was performed efficiently without stagnation zone.

The Influence of Botulinum Toxin Type A Masticatory Efficiency (보툴리눔 A형 독소가 저작효율에 미치는 영향)

  • Park, Hyung-Uk;Kwon, Jeong-Seung;Kim, Seong Taek;Choi, Jong-Hoon;Ahn, Hyung-Joon
    • Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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    • v.38 no.1
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    • pp.53-67
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    • 2013
  • This study was aimed to evaluate the masticatory efficiency after botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) injection during 12 weeks using objective and subjective test. Also, we compared the difference of masticatory efficiency between group that injected into the masseter muscle only (M-group) and group that injected into the masseter and temporalis muscle (M-T group). The mixing ability index (MAI) was used as the objective indicator, and visual analogue scale (VAS) and food intake ability (FIA) index were used as the subjective indicators. It was concluded that masticatory efficiency was significantly lowered after a BTX-A injection into the masticatory muscle, but it gradually recovered in a predictable pattern by the 12 weeks. The disturbance of subjective masticatory efficiency was lasted longer than objective masticatory efficiency. The masticatory efficiency was lower in M-T group than M group. It was statistically significant in the VAS and FIA at 4 weeks, but the MAI showed no significancy. After 4weeks, there was rapid recovery of muscle function in M-T group, and the difference between two groups was not significant. It could be concluded that there will be no serious disturbance of mastication compared to injection is done only into the masseter muscle, even if injection is done into the masseter and temporalis muscle in dose of this study. According to the food properties, it was confirmed that people feel more discomfort on taking hard and tough foods after BTX-A injection and not only hard foods, but also intake of soft and runny foods were influenced by botulinum toxin injection.