• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.25-33
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• 2013

Digital certificate must be used for electronic financial transactions in Korea. But because digital certificate is based ActiveX of Internet Explorer, it is difficult to use digital certificate in other web browsers. It interrupts a development of various authentication technology and a growth of related industry. Also digital certificate can be leaked because of being stored in harddisk or USB. The government eased obligatory use of digital certificate and opened doors to other authentication techniques. But any other authentication techniques are not used because they are not approved as alternative technology. The revised bills with digital certificate abolition as the main agenda have been submitted to the National Assembly. Whether the revised bills pass or not will be decided by a regular session of the National Assembly depending on the calculation and dynamics composition of related industry. In this paper, a controversy over obligatory use of digital certificate is examined and measures are found.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.61-70
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• 2023

Due to economic or environmental reasons, green remodeling projects for old buildings are being actively carried out. Meanwhile, in the process of performing the green remodeling, the plan of green remodeling including passive and active elements has been decided based on the subjective experience and knowledge of engineers currently. Therefore, in this study, an ontology-based green remodeling decision-making support model, which can analyze the properties of old buildings and suggest appropriate remodeling plans, was established. In the developed model, once the basic properties of a building are entered, an appropriate remodeling plan composed of passive and active elements can be provided. By utilizing the results developed through the research, it is expected that it will be possible to support decision-making on more objective and appropriate remodeling alternatives development through web-based meta data search in accordance with the accumulation in remodeling cases.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.31 no.3 s.86
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• pp.335-346
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to investigate the ideal clinical torque(In the SWA rectangular wire, the torque by the angle between the plane part and twisted part to move the tooth) of the orthodontic rectangular wire which produce the proper labiolingual movement of the single tooth during finishing stage of the orthodontic treatment. The clinical torque is the sum of the play and the active torque which generates the moment at the bracket. The play is calculated by the formula and the active torque is calculated by the computer aided three-dimensional finite element method. The finite element model was consist of the three brackets which formed a row and 3 kinds of orthodontic rectangular wire(stainless steel, TMA, NiTi) which inserted in brackets. Both sides of the model were twisted and the moment generated in the center bracket was calculated. The sizes of seven wires which were used commonly were .016'X.022', .017'X.022', .017'X.025', .018'X.025', .019'X.025', .020'X.025', .021'X.025'. In 018' bracket, 016'X.022', .017'X.022', .017'X.025' wires were inserted and in 022' bracket, all the sizes of wires except .016'X.022' were inserted and tested. The following conclusions could be drawn from this study. 1. The moments generated on the same size of the wires by the same active torque were equal regardless of the bracket slot size. 2. The moments were increased with the size of the wires. The moment generated on the .021'X.025' wire was about 1.75 times as large as that on the .016'X.022' wire regardless of the material. 3. The moments were increased in the order of the NiTi, TMA stainless steel. The moment of the TMA wire was 0.35 times as small as that of the stainless steel wire and the moment of the NiTi was0.16 times as small as that of the stainless steel wire. 4. The moment was decreased as the interbracket distance was increased. 5. To get a desired moment with the specific size and material of the wire on the specific bracket slot, the formula and the results were displayed.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.1419-1426
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• 2012

The heating and cooling energy load of the KNU plant factory was analyzed using the DesignBuilder. Indoor temperature set-point, LED supplemental lighting schedule, LED heat gain, and type of double skin window were selected as simulation parameters. For the cases without LED supplemental lighting, the proper growth temperature of lettuce $20^{\circ}C$ was selected as indoor temperature set-point together with $15^{\circ}C$ and $25^{\circ}C$. The annual heating and cooling loads which are required to maintain a constant indoor temperature were calculated for all the given temperatures. The cooling load was highest for $15^{\circ}C$ and heating load was highest for $25^{\circ}C$. For the cases with LED supplemental lighting, the heating load was decreased and the cooling load was 6 times higher than the case without LED. In addition, night time lighting schedule gave better result as compared to day time lighting schedule. To investigate the effect of window type on annual energy load, 5 different double skin window types were selected. As the U-value of double skin window decreases, the heating load decreases and the cooling load increases. To optimize the total energy consumption in the plant factory, it is required to set a proper indoor temperature for the selected plantation crop, to select a suitable window type depending on LED heat gain, and to apply passive and active energy saving technology.