• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.22-32
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• 2006

Background: This study was conducted to investigate the roles of the spinal and peripheral ${\gamma}$-aminobutyric acid (GABA)- ergic systems for the mechanical hypersensitivity produced by chronic compression of the dorsal root ganglion (CCD). Methods: CCD was performed at the left 5th lumbar dorsal root ganglion. The paw withdrawal threshold (PWT) to von Frey stimuli was measured. The mechanical responsiveness of the lumbar dorsal horn neurons was examined. GABAergic drugs were delivered with intrathecal (i.t.) or intraplantar (i.pl.) injection or by topical application onto the spinal cord. Results: CCD produced mechanical hypersensitivity, which was evidenced by the decrease of the PWT, and it lasting for 10 weeks. For the rats showing mechanical hypersensitivity, the mechanical responsiveness of the lumbar dorsal horn neurons was enhanced. A similar increase was observed with the normal lumbar dorsal horn neurons when the GABA-A receptor antagonist bicuculline was topically applied. An i.t. injection of GABA-A or GABA-B receptor agonist, muscimol or baclofen, alleviated the CCD-induced hypersensitivity. Topical application of same drugs attenuated the CCD-induced enhanced mechanical responsiveness of the lumbar dorsal horn neurons. CCD-induced hypersensitivity was also improved by low-dose muscimol applied (i.pl.) into the affected hind paw, whereas no effects could be observed with high-dose muscimol or baclofen. Conclusions: The results suggest that the neuropathic pain associated with compression of the dorsal root ganglion is caused by hyperexcitability of the dorsal horn neurons due to a loss of spinal GABAergic inhibition. Peripheral application of low-dose GABA-A receptor agonist can be useful to treat this pain.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.56-62
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• 2006

Background: Balloon kyphoplasty is the new technique that helps to decrease the pain and improve mobility as well as restore the vertebral body height and kyphotic curve in fractured vertebrae. We evaluated the outcome of balloon kyphoplasty in the reduction of vertebral body height, kyphotic curve and clinical improvement in the patients with painful vertebral compression fractures. Methods: From July 2002 to February 2005, 84 levels of vertebral compression fractures in 66 patients were treated with balloon kyphoplasty. The assessment criteria were the changes over time in visual analogue scale (VAS) and mobility score. We evaluated the vertebral body height and kyphotic curve at preoperative 1 day and postoperative 1 day. Results: Procedures were performed in 66 patients with a total of 84 affected vertebral bodies. The anterior wall height was restored in 74 / 84 (88%) levels with a mean increment of 2.9 mm, and the mid-vertebral body height was restored in 79 / 84 (94%) levels with a mean increment of 4.2 mm. Kyphosis correction was achieved in 60 / 84 (71.4%) from 10.1 degrees to 7.5 degrees. Pain intensity reduced by 60% in one day after operation and by 75-85% in later time. Mobility scores of all patients were improved immediately after the procedure. Cement leakage occurred in 3 levels but there was no clinical problem. Conclusions: Kyphoplasty is an efficient and safe treatment of painful vertebral compression fracture in pain relief, mobility improvement, and reduction of deformity.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.197-201
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• 2008

Background: Kyphoplasty is a minimally invasive procedure that can stabilize osteoporotic and neoplastic vertebral fractures. We retrospectively evaluated the clinical outcomes of kyphoplasty for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures in cancer patients. Methods: We reviewed the clinical data of 27 cancer patients who were treated with kyphoplasty (55 vertebral bodies) between May 2003 and Feb 2008. The clinical parameters, using a visual analog 10 point scale (VAS) and the mobility scores, as well as consumption of analgesic, were evaluated preoperatively and at 1 week after kyphoplasty. Results: A total 55 cases of thoracic and lumbar kyphoplasties were performed without complications. The mean age of the patients was 66 years. All the patients experienced a significant improvement in their subjective pain and mobility immediately after the procedures. The pain scores (VAS), mobility scores and other functional evaluations using the Oswestry disability score and the SF-36 showed significant differences between the pre- and postoperational conditions. Conclusions: Kyphoplasty is an effective, minimally invasive procedure that can relieve the pain of patients with vertebral compression fractures and these fractures are the result of metastasis.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• 제38권3호
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• pp.255-260
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• 2013

양측 하악지 시상 골절단술은 악안면 기형 및 부정교합을 치료하기 위해 흔히 사용되는 필수불가결한 술식이라고 할 수 있다. 하악지 시상 골절단술 후 발생할 수 있는 합병증으로는 하치조 신경 손상, 출혈, 측두하악장애, 부적절한 골면의 유합 및 골절, 재발 등이 있다. 악교정 수술 후 안면신경 마비의 발생 유병율은 최근 0.1 퍼센트로 보고되고 있다. 증상 발생의 원인으로는 안면신경의 압박, 신경의 불완전 또는 완전 손상, 신경의 견인, 마취제에 의한 신경의 허혈 등이 있다. 술 후 발생된 안면 신경의 마비는 환자의 삶의 질을 저해하고 사회활동을 기피하게 함으로써 가장 심각한 합병증 중 하나라고 볼 수 있다. 본 증례에서는 양측 하악지 시상 골전달술을 시행 후 발생한 안면신경 마비에 대하여 보고하고 있다.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.186-191
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• 2014

Purpose: The objectives of this study were to assess pain relief according to the time after kyphoplasty and to evaluate the factors affecting pain relief after kyphoplasty in the treatment of a single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture. Methods: A retrospective review of 34 kyphoplasties for single-level osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures was performed. Pain relief was assessed by using the visual analogue scale (VAS) at preoperatively and postoperatively at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months. Associated factors, including age, sex, pain duration, bone mineral density, and cement leakage, were evaluated using the patients' medical records. Statistical analyses were conducted using the paired t-test to assess pain relief and using the independent t-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient to evaluate the relationship between those factors and pain relief. Results: Preoperatively, the mean VAS score was 7.06. Postoperatively, it declined to 3.66 (p=0.001), 2.81 (p=0.001) and 2.24 (p=0.001) at 6 weeks, 3 months and 6 months, respectively. Also, statistically significant pain relief was observed during the periods from 6 weeks to 3 months (p=0.001) and from 3 months to 6 months (p=0.001). However, reduction of the VAS score showed no significant correlation with age, sex, pain duration, bone mineral density, or cement leakage (p>0.05). Conclusion: Our study suggests that a kyphoplasty may be effective in osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture patients with acute pain and that after the kyphoplasty, pain is reduced remarkably for 6 weeks and then continuously for 6 months.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.84-89
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• 2012

치근낭은 가장 흔한 치성기원 낭으로 치수감염, 치수실활, 외상으로 인한 이차감염 또는 치아 우식에 의해 발생한다. 보통치근낭은 무증상이나 이차 감염이 발생할 경우 통증, 부종, 발적 등을 유발할 수 있으며, 크기가 커질수록 치근낭은 인접한 신경을 압박하여 안면비대칭 또는 마비증세를 일으킬 수 있다. 치료는 보존적 신경치료 또는 외과적 처치를 요하며, 낭의 크기가 크거나 인접 조직의 침범을 야기할 가능성이 있는 경우에는 낭적출술을 시행해야 한다. 대부분의 증례에서 완벽한 치료가 가능하고 재발율이 낮다. 본 증례의 환아들은 하악전치부 낭을 주소로 내원하여 임상검사에서 일부 하악전치가 괴사되었음을 발견하였으므로 근관치료를 시행한 후 전신마취하에 치근단절제술 및 치근낭 적출술을 시행하였다. 이후 컴퓨터단층촬영을 시행하여 이환부의 골생성 및 재발여부를 관찰하였으며 성공적인 결과를 보였기에 이를 보고하는 바이다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.224-229
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• 2007

Vertebral compression fractures can occur due to trauma, a malignancy, or most commonly, osteoporosis. These fractures are frequently seen in elderly women; 30% of postmenopausal women are affected by vertebral compression fractures. These fragile fractures frequently result in both acute and chronic pain, but more importantly, are a source of increased morbidity and possibly, mortality. These injuries can be treated both conservatively and with surgery. The use of percutaneous vertebral augmentation offers a minimally invasive approach for the treatment of vertebral compression fractures. We experienced two cases of compression fractures diagnosed during the treatment of thoracic postherpetic neuralgia. Two patients suffering from postherpetic neuralgia with a sharp and stabbing pain in the thoracic dermatomes that was unresponsive to conservative treatment were transferred to our clinic. During the management of postherpetic neuralgia, we incidentally found thoracic compression fractures after obtaining fluoroscopic guided images. After a balloon kyphoplasty, the preoperative pain related to the postherpetic neuralgia was successfully relieved soon after the procedure, and there were no complications.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.511-514
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• 2014

7년령 암컷 비글이 심한 경부 통증과 보행 이상으로 내원하였다. 신경계 검사를 통해 경추 6번에서 흉추 2번사이 척수로 병변을 국소화하였다. 또한 경흉추 부위 자기 공명 영상으로 경추 7번과 흉추 1번 사이 추간강에 척수를 심하게 압박하는 추간판 탈출이 있는 것을 확인하였다. 이 부위의 치료를 위해 편측추궁절제술이 실시되었다. 수술은 효과적이었으며 환자의 상태가 현저히 개선된 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이 결과를 통해 편측추궁절제술이 개의 경흉연접부에 발생한 추간판 탈출증을 치료하는데 효과적인 방법임을 확인할 수 있었다.

• 대한정형외과학회지
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• 제56권2호
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• pp.183-189
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• 2021

슬관절 고정술은 슬관절이 손상되어 재건술을 시행할 수 없는 환자에서 안정적이고 통증이 없는 슬관절을 얻을 수 있는 마지막 선택사항 중 하나이다. 슬관절 고정술에는 외고정 장치, 압박 금속판을 이용한 내고정, 조립형 금속정 또는 이상와로부터 삽입하는 전향적 금속정을 이용한 내고정 등 다양한 방법들이 사용되어 왔다. 다른 선택사항으로 Neff 정, Wichita 정, 또는 Huckstep 정과 같은 짧은 금속정을 이용하기도 한다. 그러나 한국에서는 현재 사용 가능한 상용화된 짧은 금속정이 없다. 이에 저자들은 역행성 대퇴부 골수강 내 금속정을 이용한 슬관절 고정술을 보고하고자 한다.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제10권4호
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• pp.199-207
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• 2022

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of shoulder stabilization exercise accompanied by application of a pelvic compression belt on the muscle activity, pain and function of the muscles around the shoulder in subjects with round shoulders. Methods : For the study method, 28 students who were enrolled in K University with a distance of 1 cm or more between the clavicle of the peak and the outer ear path were selected through GPS 400 global postural analysis system measurement. The subjects were randomly assigned to 14 participants in the group wearing a pelvic compression belt and 14 patients in the group not wearing a pelvic compression belt. In all subjects, the muscle activities of the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior muscles and the shoulder pain disorder index (SPADI) were measured. The intervention was performed 3 times a week for 4 weeks, and the applied intervention was push-up plus and modified prone cobra exercise. The muscle activities of the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior muscles and SPADI score were compared using dependent t test before and after intervention. Results : In this study, both groups showed that the muscle activity of the middle trapezius, lower trapezius, and serratus anterior significantly increased after the intervention compared to before the intervention. On the other hand, SPADI showed no significant difference. Conclusion : The results of this study showed that muscle activity in the peri-shoulder joint was increased after push-up plus and modified prone cobra exercise in both groups, regardless of whether pelvic compression was applied or not. Therefore, it was found that shoulder stabilization exercise using the pelvic compression belt also contributed to the enhancement of muscle activity in the joints around the shoulder.