• Title/Summary/Keyword: 알파

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Comparison of Fuzzy Implication Operators by means of a Local Path-Planning of AUVs (자율수중운동체의 상세경로설정기법을 위한 퍼지조건연산자의 비교)

  • 이영일;김용기
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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    • 2002.05a
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    • pp.140-143
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    • 2002
  • 본 논문에서는 자율수중운동체(AUV, Autonomous Underwater Vehicle)의 실시간 충돌회피에 적용되는 휴리스틱 탐색기법에 적합한 퍼지조건연산자와 알파절단(aleph-cut)의 선택에 관해 논한다. 퍼지조건연산자와 알파절단은 두 퍼지관계에서 새로운 퍼지관계를 생성시키는 퍼지삼각논리곱의 연산에 적용되는데 이것은 휴리스틱탐색기법의 이론적 기반이 된다. 본 논문은 평가함수를 이용한 새로운 휴리스틱탐색기법을 설계하고, 이에 가장 적합한 퍼지조건연산자와 알파절단을 제안한다. 제안된 퍼지조건연산자와 알파절단의 검증을 위해 경로경비와 합리적인 경로를 생성하는 알파절단의 개수 관점에서 모든 경우의 퍼지조건연산자와 알파절단에 대해 시뮬레이션 한다. .

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Review of the Gross Alpha for Characterization of Radioactive Waste (방사성폐기물 특성평가를 위한 전알파 분석법 고찰)

  • Kim, Hyuncheol;Lim, Jong-Myoung;Jang, Mee;Park, Ji-Young
    • Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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    • v.18 no.2_spc
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    • pp.227-235
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    • 2020
  • In this study, we discussed the limitations of gross alpha measurements for the characterization of radioactive wastes produced in nuclear facilities through experimental tests and Monte Carlo N-particle transport simulations. The determination of gross alpha is essential for the disposal of radioactive waste produced in nuclear facilities in Korea. The measurements of gross alpha are easy to perform and yield rapid analytical results, but it cannot be used for quantitative analysis. The error of counting efficiency for gross alpha with various masses of the deposit on planchets using KCl and 241Am was determined. The relative deviation of the counting efficiency in samples having the same mass was 20%. Uranium was extracted from the soil through acid leaching and extraction chromatography, and the concentration of U determined by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was compared with the results for gross alpha. The gross alpha was underestimated by 50% compared to the U concentration by ICP-MS. The counting efficiency depended on the energy from the alpha emitters, which differed by up to three times in determination of the counting efficiency depending on the kinds of alpha radionuclides of interest. Therefore, the gross alpha is not compatible with the sum of radioactivity for each alpha emitter and is suitable as a screening method.

과학상식 - 인간과 기계 사이의 경계가 무너진다 우리의 선택은?

  • U, A-Yeong
    • Korea Petroleum Association Journal
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    • s.300
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    • pp.40-43
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    • 2016
  • 지난 3월, 서울에서 세기의 대결이 펼쳐졌다. 구글의 '알파고'와 이세돌 9단의 바둑 대결이 벌어진 것. 결과는 4대 1로 알파고의 승리였다. 인간이 기계에 졌다며 침통해 하는 반응이 쏟아지는 한편, 인공지능에 대한 국민의 관심이 최고조로 달아올랐다. '알파고 쇼크' 이후 인공지능으로 대표되는 최첨단 기술의 다음 단계는 무엇이며, 우리는 과연 어떤 미래를 맞이하게 될 것인지에 대해 갑론을박이 벌어졌다.

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The Phase Transition Behavior and characterization of Aluminium hydroxide By Heating Treatment (열처리에 따른 수산화알루미늄의 상전이 거동 및 물성평가)

  • 이성우;하영훈;문종수;강종봉
    • Proceedings of the Materials Research Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2003.03a
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    • pp.198-198
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    • 2003
  • 본 연구는 활성알루미나, 베이어라이트, 미세결질베마이트, 슈도베마이트, 깁사이트 등의 수산화알루미늄을 각각 출발물질로 하여 알파알루미나를 제조하였고 출발물질에 따라 알파알루미나로의 전이온도와 결정성의 차이 및 비표면적, 밀도를 관찰하였다 베이어라이트는 상온에서 5시간 동안 수화반응 시켜 제조하였고, 미세결정질베마이트는 활성알루미나를 수열처리 하여서 제조하였다. 실험결과 활성알루미나, 베이어라이트, 슈도베마이트가 깁사이트와 미세결정질베마이트보다 낮은 온도에서 알파알루미나로의 전이가 일어났음을 알 수 있었고 알파알루미나의 결정성에서는 슈도베마이트가 가장 높은 것을 알 수 있었다. 그리고 130$0^{\circ}C$에서는 미세결정질 베미이트를 제외한 모든 출발물질이 알파알루미나로 전이되었음을 확인할 수 있었다.

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English Capital Letter Classification Method using Neural Network (신경망을 이용한 영문 대문자 활자 인식 분류방법)

  • Jun Jang-Hwan;Lee Kang-Il;Lee Chang-Hwan;Lee Kang-Woo
    • Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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    • 2005.11b
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    • pp.709-711
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    • 2005
  • 본 논문에서는 알파벳 대문자 영상에 다양한 특징을 추출하고 이를 신경망을 이용하여 영문 알파벳을 구분하는 방법을 제안하고자 한다. 제안된 방식은 비교적 간단한 연산을 통해 입력된 영상에 대한 정보를 추출하여 신경망에 대입을 함으로서, 빠른 결과를 얻는 것과 동시에 알파벳 이미지가 아닌 알파벳 내에 들어있는 패턴들을 이용하여 알파벳을 구분함으로서 노이즈에 강한 장점을 나타내고 있다. 다양한 필체를 이용하여 실험을 수행하였고, 현재 사용 중인 상용 프로그램과 본 논문에서 제안한 방법의 적중률을 비교하였다.

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Measurement of Detection Efficiency of Plastic Track Detector to ${\alpha}-particle$ (고체비적검출기의 알파선 검출효율 측정에 관한 연구)

  • Park, Young-Woong;Yang, Hyun-Soo
    • Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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    • v.21 no.3
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    • pp.167-173
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    • 1996
  • The calibration method for the detection efficiency of solid state track detector to alpha is presented, and the detection efficiency of CN-85 and LEXAN to alpha is measured by this method. The results are 97% and 57% in CN-85 and LEXAN, respectively. The reason for a better result in CN-85 in not only the high sensitivity but also the low energy dependency with comparing for LEXAN. The peak detection efficiency is 3MeV and 1.8MeV in CN-85 and LEXAN, respectively.

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Effect of Tannic Acid and ${\alpha}$-Tocopherol as an Antioxidant on Methyl Linoleate Autoxidation and Inhibitor of Lipoxygenase in Phospholipid (Methyl linoleate 의 자동산화와 인지질에 작용하는 lipoxygenase의 억제제로서 탄닌산과 알파토코페롤의 영향)

  • Nam, Hyun-Keun
    • Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.175-179
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    • 1992
  • In order to investigate the effect of tannic acid and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol on methyl linoleate autoxidation and on inhibition activity of lipoxygenase in phospholipid, the rate of formation of methyl linoleate hydroperoxide was measured by HPLC. The reaction mixture contained methyl linoleate 70mM, radical initiator AMVN 0.7mM, tannic acid and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol 0.7mM, each, in a mixture of hexane/isopropanol(1 : 1, v/v). Under this reaction condition, tannic acid was good enough antioxidant. The tannic acid and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol for the inhibition activivity of lipoxygenase were measured at the reaction conditions: phospholipid $1{\mu}M$. tannic acid and ${\alpha}$-tocopherol were reacted as an inhibitor of lipoxygenase in phospholipid, especialy in phosphatidy lcholine.

Removal of ${\alpha}$-Gal Epitopes in Aortic Valve and Pericardium of Pig Using Green Coffee Bean ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase (돼지의 대동맥 판막 및 심낭에서 녹색콩 알파-갈락토시다아제를 이용한 알파-갈 항원결정인자 제거)

  • Park, Seong-Sik;Kim, Woong-Han;Kim, Kyung-Hwan;Lee, Chang-Ha;Choi, Sun-Young;Lee, Cheul;Oh, Sam-Sae;Kim, Kwan-Chang;Kim, Yong-Jin
    • Journal of Chest Surgery
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    • v.41 no.1
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    • pp.12-24
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    • 2008
  • Background: It is currently thought that tissue valve degeneration is related to an animal's immune response, which is mainly due to cell surface ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes. Cell surface ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes are known to be degraded by the enzyme called green coffee bean ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase. It is also well known that ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes are immunologically stained by Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin type B4. We know that many commercially available tissue valves are made of aortic valves and pericardial tissue of pig. So, we investigated whether ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes of the aortic valve and pericardial tissue of a pig can be removed by green coffee bean ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase, and we did so by comparing immunologic staining of the tissues before and after the enzyme treatment. Material and method: After treating fresh porcine aortic valve and pericardial tissue with green coffee bean ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase at concentrations of 0.5 unit/mL, 1.0 unit/mL, 2.0 unit/mL, respectively, under the condition of pH 6.5, temperature. $4^{\circ}C$ and 24 hours of incubation, each sample was stained with Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin type B4 immunpfluorescent labeling. We then examined whether the ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes were reduced or abolished in each consecutive. concentration of green coffee bean ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase by comparing the degree of the Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin B4 staining in each sample. Result: In the pig aortic valve tissue, a 1.0 unit/mL concentration of green coffee bean ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase at pH 6.5, $4^{\circ}C$ and reaction for 24 hours was enough for complete removal of ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes from the cell sur face on the immunostaining with Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin B4. On the other hand, more ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes were present in the pig pericardial tissue on Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin B4 staining before the enzyme treatment, and 1.0 unit/mL of galactosidase was not sufficient for complete removal of ${\alpha}$-Gal from the tissue. 2.0 units/mL of green coffee bean ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase was needed to completely remove the ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes from the pericardial tissue on immunostaining. Conclusion: The ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes of the pig's aortic valve and pericardial tissue were successfully stained with Griffonia Simplicifolia isolectin B4. We could remove nearly all the ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes using green coffee bean ${\alpha}$-Galactosidase at the concentration of 1.0 unit/mL in the aortic valve. Of pig, and 2.0 unit/mL was need to nearly completely remove all the ${\alpha}$-Gal epitopes in the pericardial tissue of pig under the condition of pH 6.5, $4^{\circ}C$ and 24 hours of reaction time. In the near future, removal of ${\alpha}$-Gal epitapes in the pig's aortic valve and pericardial tissue will become a powerful tool for the improvement of the tissue valve durability. It needs to be determined if ${\alpha}$-galactosidase treated pig tissue is immune to human anti-Gal antibody or anit-Gal mooclonal antibodies.