• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.109-132
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• 2019

Recently, medical accidents related to surgical procedures have increased. In addition, the media reported that some of these accidents were involved in health crimes. Patient-advocate groups have called for mandatory establishment and management of CCTV in operating rooms. There is a lot of discussion among the interested parties, so it is necessary to review the relevant laws and regulations. The purpose of this study is to identify the characteristics of CCTV in operating rooms and to review legislations related to establishment and management of the CCTV in operating rooms. Medical institutions use CCTV for management of facilities and patient safety and install it in operating rooms optionally. The Constitution guarantees the privacy and the privacy of correspondence of every citizen, but it can be limited by the law for public welfare. Currently, however, there is no existing law about establishment and management of the CCTV in operating rooms and it can be defect of legal system. Under the current legislations, it is likely that the Self-determination can be violated due to the characteristic of healthcare provider when CCTV is mandatorily installed in operating room. In addition, the regulations on access and leakage of confidential information known by operator are insufficient. So that, the safety of the visual data might be threatened. Furthermore, unless the period and the place of storage of the visual data are clearly defined, it is highly unlikely to meet the original purpose of patient safety and prevention of medical accidents. This study is meaningful as there is few previous study on this topic although the need for legal review about this is growing and several bills are being proposed. It is expected that the results of this study can be utilized as basic data for enactment or amendment of the laws and regulations about establishment and management of CCTV in operating rooms.

• Journal of radiological science and technology
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.387-394
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• 2010

In the field of healthcare, the conventional sterilization treatments have been replaced by irradiation methods which are in accordance with internationally well established quality standards. The quality control in radiation sterilization assures that the absorbed dose of the irradiated material is in agreement with its requirements and standards. The electron beam irradiation requires technical assessments of more process parameters than gamma irradiation does. Korea has witnessed wide uses of electron accelerators since early 2000 but there hasn't been research experiences relating to quality system in accordance with international standards. The new large scale e-beam irradiation system with the specification of 10 MeV, 8 kW was installed and operated in 2008 by Seoul Radiology Services Co. It consists of the electron accelerator, product handling system, safety, documentation and control subsystems into an integrated system to meet the requirement of the Good Manufacturing Practice such as process quality assurance and management of product tracking records. To implement the international standard such as EN ISO11137, it is necessary to understand the purposes aimed in the standard and carry out the tests following the procedures required. This study presented the specification of the e-beam facility and showed what its design requirements and features are. The test results on a variety of process parameters were presented and validated it they are within the required limits.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Environmental Technology
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.576-585
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• 2018

Systematic management during the whole life cycle from construction to operation and maintenance is very important for the seven underground pipelines (waterworks, sewerage, electricity, telecommunications, gas, heating, oil including waterworks and sewerage). Especially, it is the construction process that affects the whole life cycle of underground buried pipeline. In order to construct a new city or to maintain different underground pipes, it is always necessary to dig the ground and carry out construction and related work. There is a possibility that secondary and tertiary breaks frequently occur in the pipeline construction process after the piping constructed first in this process. To solve this problem, a system is needed which can monitor damage in real time. However, the supply of electric power for continuous operation of the system is limited according to the environment of underground buried pipelines, so it is necessary to develop a stable electric power supply system using natural energy rather than existing electric power. In this study, we developed a system that can operate the pipeline monitoring system for long time (24 hours and 15 days) using natural energy using wind and solar light.

• The Korean Society of Law and Medicine
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.23-80
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• 2018

Since the 1960s, the United States' (U.S.) deinstitutionalization policy has reinstated people with mental illness into communities. Unfortunately, when untreated, some people with psychiatric disorders become homeless, and some commit serious crimes during a psychological crisis. Assisted Outpatient Treatment (AOT), also known as Kendra's Law in New York and Laura's Law in California, provides treatment, services and support to people with mental illness in the community. AOT has repeatedly been found effective and is recognized as an evidence-based practice. The response to the mental health crisis (crisis intervention) in the U.S. has also been successful in preventing worsening mental illness and related criminality and other issues. This paper provides an opportunity to create a platform from which to learn how to successfully apply the AOT and crisis intervention of the U.S. to South Korea within the cultural and societal context when establishing social services for people with mental illness in South Korea's communities.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Industrial Systems Conference
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• 1999.12a
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• pp.209-218
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• 1999

처방전달시스템은 처방의 수행은 의사가, 그에 따른 의약품조제는 약사가 수행함으로써 의약품의 오․남용을 방지하기 위한 의약분업의 실시에 따른 국민불편의 최소화와 약화사고에 따른 인증문제 등을 지원하기 위한 정보시스템이다. 처방전달시스템은 환자 개인정보의 허용된 범위 내에서의 공유와 공유를 위한 각종 개인정보 보호장치, 처방의 안전한 전달을 위한 내용의 비밀보장과 위변조방지 및 송신자와 수신자의 인증을 위한 장치가 필수적으로 필요하다. 또한 자료의 생명주기 측면에서 본다면, 처방전의 생성은 병․의원에서 이루어지며 소멸은 약국 및 환자에의해 이루어진다. 자료의 유통과정에 살펴보면 처방전달시스템의 주요성공요인은 정보의 생산자인 병․의원(의사)의 적극적인 정보제공의지와 이를 지원하는 편리한 정보시스템의 구축이라고 할 수 있다. 정보의 생산자인 병․의원 정보시스템 환경은 다양하고 복잡하기 때문에 기존의 애플리케이션을 이용하면서 처방의 전송을 위해서는 기존 애플리케이션 및 플랫폼에 독립적이며 자료의 적합한 취합과 통합이 가능하도록 지원하는 시스템이 필요하다. 처방전달 메시징시스템은 이러한 복합적인 정보시스템 환경을 지원하며 동시에 처방정보의 안전한 전달을 위해 플랫폼으로 실행될 수 있는 시스템을 말한다. 또한 처방의 비교적 짧은 생명주기와 지역적 생산, 유통구조를 적합하게 지원하기 위해 지역별 독립시스템의 구축과 공통정보 활용을 위한 중앙시스템과의 역할분담 모델에 근거한 분산시스템의 구축이 요구된다. 본 연구에서의 처방전달 메시징시스템은 일반적인 메시지서비스의 특성을 기본으로 자료전달을 위해 자료 암호화와 복호화, 송신자와 수신자에 대한 인증 및 자료접근 제한기능을 제공하며 각 클라이언트와 서버간의 실시간 연결 혹은 지연연결을 지원하는 독립적인 애플리케이션이다. 이러한 처방전달 메시징시스템을 구성하는 각 요소에 대해 정의하고 개념적 모델을 설계하고자 한다.에게 청구되며, 소비자에게 전송 되는 청구서는 사용자DB를 참조하여 사용자가 미리 정의한 원하는 형태로 변환되어 전달되며, 필요시 암호화 과정을 거치는 것이 가능해야 한다. 전송된 청구서는 전자우편의 경우, 암호해독이 가능한 전용 브라우저를 통해 열람 되며, 이는 다시 전용 브라우저를 통해 지불인증이 승인되어 청구 제시서버에게 전송된다. EBPP 시스템의 제어 흐름은 크게 기업이 청구 정보를 소비자에게 제시하는 흐름과 소비자의 지불 승인으로 인해 기업이 은행에 지불을 요구하는 흐름으로 구분할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 통합 청구서버 및 정구 제시서버의 역할 및 구성 요소들에 대해 서술하고, EBPP 시스템과 연동하여야 하는 메일 서버와의 상호 작용에 대해 서술할 것이다. 본 시스템을 아직 구현이 되지 않은 관계로 시스템의 성능 등의 수치적 결과를 제시할 수 없는 상태다., 취약계층을 위한 일차의료, 의약관리), ${\circled}2$ 보건소 조직 개편 및 민간의료기관과 협력체계 확립, ${\circled}3$ 전문인력 확보 및 인력구성 조정, 그리고 ${\circled}4$ 방문보건사업의 강화 등이다., 대사(代謝)와 관계(關係)있음을 시사(示唆)해 주고 있다.ble nutrient (TDN) was highest in booting stage (59.7%); however no significant difference was found among other stages. The concentrations of Ca and P were not different among mature stages. According to these results, the yellow ripe period is appropriate to harvest the whole crop rice for forage considering dry matter yields,

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.29 no.6
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• pp.430-440
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• 2020

The application contents, process, and its limitations are discussed for the setting of Korean legal guides & criteria for water cycle and ecological condition in development project of land use by thorough comparison and examination of prerequisites and credits of water cycle and soil+vegetation by USA's SITES (Sustainable Sites Initiative). In the case of SITES, due to the implementation procedure operated as a non-governmental independent assessment system by Green Business Certification, Inc, the natural condition of water cycle and soil-vegetation items-the key element of ecosystem services can be quantitatively assessed, well along with its legal and institutional guidelines and regulations. On the other hand, in the case of Korea, as a part of the national certification procedure for green building, the ecological area ratio system still have very limited role as an only amenity resource in the creation of artificial green spaces and insufficiency of management system for rain water. In conclusion, it was understood as an urgent situation in necessary for prompt establishment of site's sustainability certification system at the national level, based on management of water circulation and natural soil & vegetation in developed area with consideration of various land uses and types of development projects.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.1-11
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• 2023

Skin sanitizers are effective in killing or removing pathogenic microbial contaminants from the skin of food handlers, and the progressive growth of consumer interest in personal hygiene tends to drive product diversification. This review covers the advances in the application of efficacy tests for hand sanitizers to suggest future perspectives to establish an assessment system that is optimized to each product type (gel, liquid, and wipes). Previous research on the in vivo simulative test of actual consumer use has adopted diverse experimental conditions regardless of the product type. This highlights the importance of establishing optimal test protocols specialized for the compositional characteristics of sanitizers through the comparative analysis of test methods. Although the operational conditions of the mechanical actions associated with wiping can affect the efficacy of the removal and/or the inactivation of target microorganisms from the skin's surface, currently there is a lack of standardized use patterns for the exposure of hand sanitizing wipes to skin. Thus, major determinants affecting the results from each step of the overall assessment procedures [pre-treatment - exposure of sanitizers - microbial recovery] should be identified to modify current protocols and develop novel test methods. The ex vivo test, designed to overcome the limited reproducibility of in vivo human trials, is also expected to replicate the environment for the contact of sanitizers targeting skin microorganisms. Recent progress in the area of skin microbiome research revealed distinct microbial characteristics and distribution patterns after the application of sanitizers on hands to establish the test methods with the perspectives on the antimicrobial effects at the community level. The future perspectives presented in this study on the improvement of efficacy test methods for hand sanitizers can also contribute to public health and food safety through the commercialization of effective sanitizer products.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.701-711
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• 2020

Purpose: In this study, the risk of flammability of a liquid mixture was experimentally confirmed because the purpose of this study was to confirm the increase or decrease of the flammability risk in a mixture of two substances (combustible+combustible) and to present the risk of the mixture. Method: Flash point test method and result processing were tested based on KS M 2010-2008, a tag sealing test method used as a flash point test method for crude oil and petroleum products. The manufacturer of the equipment used in this experiment was Japan's TANAKA. The flash point was measured with a test equipment that satisfies the test standards of KS M 2010 with equipment produced by the company, and LP gas was used as the ignition source and water as the cooling water. In addition, when measuring the flash point, the temperature of the cooling water was tested using cooling water of about 2℃. Results: First of all, in the case of flammable + combustible mixtures, there was little change in flash point if the flash point difference between the two substances was not large, and if the flash point difference between the two substances was low, the flash point tended to increase as the number of substances with high flash point increased. However, in the case of toluene and methanol, the flash point of the mixture was lower than that of the material with a lower flash point. Also, in the case of a paint thinner, it was not easy to predict the flash point of the material because it was composed of a mixture, but as a result of experimental measurement, it was measured between -24℃ and 7℃. Conclusion: The results of this study are to determine the risk of mixtures through experimental studies on flammable mixtures for the purpose of securing the effectiveness of the details of the criteria for determining dangerous goods in the existing dangerous goods safety management method and securing the reliability and reproducibility of the determination of dangerous goods Criteria have been presented, and reference data on experimental criteria for flammable liquids that are regulated in firefighting sites can be provided. In addition, if this study accumulates know-how on differences in test methods, it is expected that it can be used as a basis for research on risk assessment of dangerous goods and as a basis for research on dangerous goods determination.

• Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.514-528
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• 2014

This study examined the actual state and future improvement of food allergies in adolescents and adults in order to prevent damage. In this survey, proportions of females, people in their 40s, college graduates, and office workers and housewives with allergies were higher than other groups. Exactly 41.1% of participants responded that they had experienced food allergies while 58.9% responded that they had not. According to their responses, the most common food allergy symptom involved the skin while whole-body allergic reactions were rare. Most respondents answered that frequency of their food allergies was two or three times. There was a variety of allergenic foods, including fast food, eggs, mackerel and milk, and instant food was ranked as the most allergenic food. Therefore, in order to protect consumers from damage caused by food allergens, the food allergen labeling system must be improved. A better food allergen labeling system should be implemented to avoid potential risks of allergic reactions and ensure national food safety.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.191-213
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• 2022

With a view to providing a high-quality policy information service beyond the existing national task service of the national policy information portal (POINT) of the National Library of Korea Sejong, it would be necessary to effectively provide the policy data needed for the implementation of the new national tasks. Accordingly, in this study, an attempt has been made to find a way to connect and develop the BRM-based national tasks and the policy information contents. Towards this end, first, the types of national tasks and the contents of each field and area of the government function's classification system were analyzed, with a focus placed on the 120 national tasks of the new administration. Furthermore, by comparing and analyzing the national tasks of the previous administration and the current information, the contents ought to be reflected for the development of contents related to the national tasks identified. Second, the method for linking and collecting the policy information was sought based on the analysis of the current status of policy information and the national information portal. As a result of the study, first, examining the 1st stage BRM of the national tasks, it turned out that there were 21 tasks for social welfare, 14 for unification and diplomacy, 17 for small and medium-sized businesses in industry and trade, 12 for general public administration, 8 for the economy, taxation and finance, 6 for culture, sports and tourism, science and technology, and education each, 5 for communication, public order and safety each, 4 for health, transportation and logistics, and environment each, 3 for agriculture and forestry, 2 for national defense and regional development each, and 1 for maritime and fisheries each, among others. As for the new administration, it is apparent that science technology and IT are important, and hence, it is necessary to consider such when developing the information services for the core national tasks. Second, to link the database with external organizations, it would be necessary to form a linked operation council, link and collect the information on the national tasks, and link and provide the national task-related information for the POINTs.