• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.6
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• pp.595-599
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• 2011

'Goami 3' is a new japonica rice cultivar developed from a cross between Suweon464 and Daeanbyeo by the rice breeding team of National Institute of Crop Science, RDA. 'Goami3' has about 130 days growth duration from transplanting to heading in central plain area of Korea. It has a good semi-erect plant type and resistance to lodging of about 79 cm in culm length. 'Goami 3' had 15 panicles per hill and 104 spikelets per panicle. 'Goami 3' has very high amylose (29.5%) and high non-dietary starch compared with Hwaseongbyeo. This rice variety has slow senescence and 47% tolerance to viviparous germination during the ripening stage. 'Goami 3' is susceptible to leaf blast, bacterial blight, virus disease and insect pest. The yield performance of this cultivar in milled rice was about 3.92MT/ha by ordinary season culture in local adaptability test from 2005 to 2007. 'Goami 3' is adaptable to central and southern plain area of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.42 no.3
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• pp.257-261
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• 2010

'Manmibyeo', a new japonica rice cultivar, is a mid-late maturing ecotype cultivar developed by the rice breeding team of Department of Functional Crop, NICS, RDA in 2002. This cultivar was originated from the cross between 'Milyang 95' and $F_1$ of the cross between 'Bukrukbanna' and 'Milyang 95' in 1990/1991 winter season. It was selected by pedigree breeding method until F6 generation, and a promising line, YR14545-9-2-3-4, was advanced and designated as 'Milyang 162' in 1996. The local adaptability test of 'Milyang 162' was carried out at seven locations during 3 years in 1997, 1998 and 2002. It has about 86cm culm length and is lodging tolerant. This cultivar is susceptible to bacterial blight ($K_1$, $K_2$, $K_3$) and stripe virus, and moderately resistant to leaf blast disease. Milled rice kernels of 'Manmibyeo' is translucent with low amylose content in endosperm, clear in chalkiness and good at eating quality in panel test. The yield potential of 'Manmibyeo' in milled rice was about 4.46 MT/ha at ordinary fertilizer level in local adaptability test. This cultivar would be adaptable to the southern plain of Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.15-26
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• 1994

To understand the relative contribution of varietal and environmental variation on various grain quality components in rice, grain appearance, milling recovery, several physicochemical properties of rice grain and texture or palatability of cooked rice for milled rice materials of seven cultivars(five japonica & two Tongil-type), produced at six locations of the middle and southern plain area of Korea in 1989, were evaluated and analyzed the obtained data. Highly significant varietal variations were detected in all grain quality components of the rice materials and marked locational variations with about 14-54% portion of total variation were recognized in grain appearance, milling recovery, alkali digestibility, protein content, K /Mg ratio, gelatinization temperature, breakdown and setback viscosities. Variations of variety x location interaction were especially large in overall palatability score of cooked rice and consistency or set- back viscosities of amylograph. Tongil-type cultivars showed poor marketing quality, lower milling recovery, slightly lower alkali digestibility and amylose content, a little higher protein content and K /Mg ratio, relatively higher peak, breakdown and consistency viscosities, significantly lower setback viscosity, and more undesirable palatability of cooked rice compared with japonica rices. The japonica rice varieties possessing good palatability of cooked rice were slightly low in protein content and a little high in K /Mg ratio and stickiness /hardness ratio of cooked rice. Rice 1000-kernel weight was significantly heavier in rice materials produced in Iri lowland compared with other locations. Milling recovery from rough to brown rice and ripening quality were lowest in Milyang late-planted rice while highest in Iri lowland and Gyehwa reclaimed-land rice. Amylose content of milled rice was about 1% lower in Gyehwa rice compared with other locations. Protein content of polished rice was about 1% lower in rice materials of middle plain area than those of southern plain regions. K/Mg ratio of milled rice was lowest in Iri rice while highest in Milyang rice. Alkali digestibility was highest in Milyang rice while lowest in Honam plain rice, but the temperature of gelatinization initiation of rice flour in amylograph was lowest in Suwon and Iri rices while highest in Milyang rice. Breakdown viscosity was lowest in Milyang rice and next lower in Ichon lowland rice while highest in Gyehwa and Iri rices, and setback viscosity was the contrary tendency. The stickiness/hardness ratio of cooked rice was slightly lower in southern-plain rices than in middle-plain ones, and the palatability of cooked rice was best in Namyang reclaimed-land rice and next better with the order of Suwon$\geq$Iri$\geq$Ichon$\geq$Gyehwa$\geq$Milyang rices. The rice materials can be classified genotypically into two ecotypes of japonica and Tongil-type rice groups, and environmentally into three regions of Milyang, middle and Honam lowland by the distribution on the plane of 1st and 2nd principal components contracted from eleven grain quality properties closely associated with palatability of cooked rice by principal component analysis.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.45-54
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• 1994

Cooking characteristics of ninety five non-glutinous and twenty six glutinous varieties were checked for understanding the varietal variation and interrelationship between the cooking and physicochemical properties of rice grain. The greatest variation in non-glutinous and glutinous rice varieties was observed in iodine blue value and the next large variation was recognized in amount of soluble solid in cooking water. Average values of volume expansion rate, iodine blue value and amounts of soluble solid in cooking water were different among domestic-bred japonica, Korean local and foreign rice varieties. Korean-bred japonica rice cultivars can be classified into several groups having same cooking quality such as <Jangan.·Seoan>, <Jinmi·Ilpum· Daeseong>, <Seohae·Namwon·Yeongduk>, <Chucheong·Bongkwang>, <Odae·Keumo> and <Hwacheong·Donghae·Palgong> by the distribution on the plane of 1st and 2nd principal components contracted from four cooking characteristics. Glutinous rice cultivars can be grouped into several different cooking quality types such as <Nonglimna 1·Suwon 357·Jodo·Inbujinado>, <Sangnambatbyeo·Jeokdo>, <Mujudo·Daigol-mochi>, <Daegoldo·Jindo>, <Jinbuchal·Colored Daegoldo>, <Shinseonchal·Hung-Tsan> and <Agudo·Irakdo> by the same analysis. Positive correlation was found between volume expansion rate and water absorption rate at 21℃. Iodine blue value was correlated negatively with amounts of soluble solid, and positively with amylose content in non-glutinous rices. In glutinous rices volume expansion rate showed positive relationship with iodine blue value, amounts of soluble solid and gel consistency. Iodine blue value was also positively correlated with alkali digestion value in glutinous rice.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.46-50
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• 2005

This study was carried out to investigate the proper nitrogen fertilizer level at reclaimed saline land in the southwestern area of Korea from 2002 to 2004. The rice cultivars tested were Samcheonbyeo(Early maturing one), Nampyeongbyeo (Medium maturing one) and Hwaseongbyeo(Mid-late maturing one). The results aye summarized as follows: The more the nitrogen level, the more number of panicle and spikelet per unit area was. But, ripened grain rate and 1000-grain weight were decreased at higher nitrogen level. As higher nitrogen level, head rice rate was decreased and protein content was increased. But, amylose content wasn't differ among the nitrogen fertilizer application levels. As increase nitrogen level in head rice yield increased up to 12 kg/10a, 11 kg/10a, in Samcheonbyeo, Hwaseongbyeo and Nampyeongbyeo, respectively. But there wasn't different more than it. Consequently, considering the yield of head rice, ripened grain rate and rice quality. The proper nitrogen fertilizer application level was 11-12 kg/10a at reclaimed saline land in the southwestern area of Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.50 no.spc1
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• pp.77-84
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• 2005

Three new rice farming systems, i.e. (1) straw-mulched no-till rice cropping system(SMNTRCS), (2)straw-mulched no-till rice-vetch cropping system (SMNTRWCS), (3)conventional rice-barley cropping system(CRVCS) have been established and compared with (4)conventional rice cropping system(CRCS). Grain appearance of brown rice of Korean native rice cultivars in SMNTRCS and SMNTRVCS were better than those in CRBCS and CRCS. Grain appearance of milled rice in SMNTRCS was better than those of other cropping systems. Korean native rice cultivars showed more white belly and broken rice than those of recommended rice cultivars. Mg and K contents of Korean native rice cultivars were the highest in SMNTRVCS. Protein contents of all the cultivars tested were the highest in SMNTRCS. Protein contents of Korean native cultivars were higher than those of recommended cultivars. Amylose contents of the cultivars tested were from 16 to 22 percent, while those of Aedal and Jenmjo were significantly higher than those of the other cultivars. Alkali digestibility values(ADV) of milled rice grain, tested in $1.2\%$ potassium hydroxide for 23 h at $30^{\circ}C$, showed varietal differences and the cultivars grown in CRBCS were the highest and the lowest in CRCS.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.323-330
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• 1994

Benzyladenine(BA) and Diphenylurea(DPU) at 10ppm level were foliar-applied one to three times at an interval of 10 days from heading stage of rice variety, Dongjinbyeo. One time treatment of both cytokinins did not delayed leaf senescence substantially, but consecutive treatments of two to three times markedly retarded leaf senescence. Leaf senescence retarding effects were greater in BA than DPU. Ripened grain ratio, grain weight and grain yield were not improved by the treatments. BA treatments increased the percentage of green and white belly kernels with no effects on opaque and white core kernels. BA and DPU treatments did not altered amylose content, but BA treatments significantly decreased protein content of polished rice. Consecutive treatments of BA and DPU twice or three times at an interval of 10 days from heading increased oil content by 30 to 78% as compared to non-treated control, but one time treatment at any stage did not enhance it of polished rice. Fatty acid composition was slightly altered in favor of unsaturated fatty acid by BA and DPU treatments.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.286-294
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• 1996

This experiment was conducted to determine the rice quality between slowlelease fertilizer(SRF) and conventional fertilizer (CF) with the amount of 100% and 80% under direct seeding on dry paddy field, respectively. In rice quality, the percentage of matured grain and immatured grain was higher in CF with machine transplanting than in SRF with direct seeding, and the less amount of fertilizer applied, the lower percentage of immatured grain was obtained. The percentage of carbohydrate showed the difference between CF and SRF, and higher at the level of 100% applicated than that of 80% application. The contents of fat and ash were higher in CF with less fertilizer, and there was no trend to different cultural methods but it was related to the amount of fertilizer in amylose content. The nitrogen and sodium content of milled rice was high in SRF under machine transplanting as well as direct seeding. Calcium and magnesium content showed high in direct seeding but there was not significantly difference between CF and SRF.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.57 no.2
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• pp.166-170
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• 2012

This research was carried out to choose the suitable seedling type to transplanting in order to stabilize rice yield. The brief of this research to transplant the seedling divided into 10-day seedling, 20-day seedling, 30-day seedling, 33-day pot seedling in the field of Saemangeum Gyehwa, newly reclaimed land were following; Average salt content in 2 years was reduced from 0.16% to 0.04% after transplanting. Heading date of seedling type was Aug. 14 at 33-day pot seedling compared to 2 days at 30-day seedling, 3 days at 20-day seedling, 5 days late at 10-day seedling. Lodging index was highest at 30-day seedling, and also, field lodging was 50%. Ripening ratio and 1,000 grain weight were similar and panicle number was higher 20-day seedling > 10-day seedling > 33-day pot seedling > 30-day seedling. Rice yield was higher 10-day seedling = 20-day seedling > 33-day pot seedling > 30-day seedling. Head rice ratio was higher in 20-day seedling > 30-day seedling = 10-day seedling > 33-day pot seedling. Amylose content and protein content was not significantly different between seedling types. With this results, the suitable seedling types in newly reclaimed land are 10-day and 20-day seedling.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.8-14
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• 2013

The newly developed fertilizer is the slow-releasing fertilizer which can be used as a basal fertilizer without no additional fertilization at tillering stage. It has 30-4-6% of $N-P_2O_5-K_2O$ and was coated with mixture of LDPE (Low density polyethylene), EVA (Ethylene vinyl acetate), BDP (Bio degraded polymer), TALC and nonionic surfactant for the controlled release up to 50 days after application. Coating materials were designed to be decomposed naturally. This fertilizer can be applied directly to the seedling tray mechanically just before transplanting, resulting in significant labor saving effect. The developed slow-release fertilizer, which can replace both basal fertilization and top dressing at tillering stage by single application directly to seedling tray, showed the highest release at 14~21 days after transplanting. Considering the plant growth at different growth stages and yield, the optimal application rate of developed slow-release fertilizer was 300 g per rice nursery tray and the yield of rice at this application rate was 5.25 MT/ha. Rice quality in terms of head rice grain ratio, amylose content, whiteness, and taste value decreased as fertilization rate increased from 200 g to 500 g per nursery tray. Fertilization rate based on quantity of fertilizer ingredients (N, P, K) was reduced by 49.3% compared to the standard application rate and there was 49.2% reduction in labor input for fertilization.