• Journal of Space Technology and Applications
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.44-57
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• 2023

In order for a latecomer in deep-space exploration such as Korea to quickly keep pace with advanced deep-space exploration countries in the mutually-beneficial space exploration market, it is essential to derive a deep-space probe reference model that can reduce development period and cost. In this paper, concept and configuration for the deep-space probe reference model consisting of basic, lightweight, and expansion types are newly presented, which are based on commonly required designs for various deep-space probes. The proposed configuration adopts modular design so that the expandability and design/implementation efficiency are improved. In addition, the electrical system design pursuing lightweight and expandability is also described, which is applicable to the proposed three-types of deep-space probe reference model.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.499-506
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• 2010

Many countries of the world have been launched the competition of space development and Korea also has a plan for the launch of Lunar orbiter in 2020 and Lunar lander in 2025 for Lunar explorations. For the success of the planned Lunar exploration, we need to enhance the required deep space communication technologies. To achieve our goals, we should develop space communications system and Korean DSN (deep space network) based on experiences and technologies through cooperation with the advanced countries in the field of deep space exploration. In this paper, we investigate overseas DSNs and deep space communication systems, and present the link margin and other technical requirements for successful DSN deployment. In addition, we propose a best strategy to secure domestic ground stations for the Korean Lunar exploration missions.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.240-246
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• 2016

The hottest news and achievements of space science and research in recent years may be NASA Curiosity rover's exploration (2013) of Mars, China Chang'e 3's exploration (2013) of Moon, ESA Rosetta's exploration (2014) of Comet 67P/Churyumov-Gerasimenko, and NASA New Horizons' exploration (2015) of Pluto, which are very astonishing achievement since such a deep space journey was possible with current technology. In contrast the wonderful cruise and navigation technologies evolution of explorer in deep space, there are no remarkable changes in deep space data communication, it is still in conservative area, of which much changes are reluctantly accepted so far. But there are some movements of deep space exploration in order to allow ground brilliant technologies to deep space. One of those experiments is internet, whose main topic of this paper. In this paper, we will present the analysis of effectiveness of solar system internet to deep space exploration.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.64-73
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• 2013

In order to observe the deep space more efficiently, a satellite installed with a telescope on earth is needed. Advanced countries in space such as U.S.A and E.U. etc. have obtained and analyzed informations and images of the space from Hubble telescope, Kepler space observatory and Herschel space observatory. This paper studied specifications and operation status of space observation satellite of the several foreign countries and described technologies and plans for the domestic deep space observation satellite.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.28.4-29
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• 2010

이 연구는 심우주 추적망(Deep Space Network) 측정 시스템의 구현을 위한 한국형 심우주 항법 예비 소프트웨어(Korean Deep Space Orbit Determination Program version 1; K-DSODP ver.1)의 개발을 목표로 한다. 연구의 주 내용은 심우주 항법을 위한 기초 기술 연구로 지구로부터 달까지 진행하는 탐사선의 궤적 추정에 대한 것이며, 연구의 시작에 앞서 사용될 관측 데이터를 얻기 위해 한국형 심우주 항법 관측데이터 생성 소프트웨어(Korean Deep Space Observation Data Generation Program version 1; K-DSODGP ver.1)를 개발하여 사용하였다. 임의의 잡음이 추가된 가상의 관측 데이터를 생성한 후, 이 관측 데이터를 실제 궤도로 상정하여 기하학적인 관측 모델을 수립하였고, 일정한 시간 간격동안 모은 임의의 관측 데이터를 가지고 궤도 결정을 수행하여 추정된 궤도를 전파하였다. 궤도 결정 알고리즘을 구성하기 위해 기본적인 좌표계, 탐사선에 미치는 지구의 중력에 대한 동역학 모델, 천체력과 탐사선의 동역학 모델로 구성된 관측 모델들을 유도하였으며, 탐사선의 위치와 속도를 추정하는 과정에서 가중치 최소 자승법을 적용하여 추정 궤도와 실제 궤도의 최소화를 유도하였다. 이러한 일련의 과정을 통해 요구한 시각의 탐사선의 위치와 속도를 결정하는 궤도결정 시스템을 구현하였고, 궤도 결정 시스템의 성능을 평가하기 위해 전파된 궤도와 실제 궤도의 차이를 분석하였다. 결과적으로 300초마다 관측데이터를 받을 경우, 2일 이상의 궤도결정 시간간격을 상정했을 때 평균 오차는 각각 약 0.26km RMS(range), 6.84km/s RMS(range-rate) 이내의 결과를 얻었고, 600초마다 관측데이터를 받을 경우, 평균 오차는 각각 약 0.30km RMS (range), 6.35km/s RMS(range-rate) 이내의 안정적인 결과를 얻었다. 이 연구의 결과를 통하여 추후 심화된 심우주 항법 소프트웨어 개발을 위한 기반이 마련될 것이다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Space Science Society
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.77-77
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• 2004

인공위성은 정상궤도에 들어선 후부터 수명을 다하는 시기까지 각종 복사, 열(온도차), 고진공, 미세중력, 미세운석과 우주파편 등에 의해 영향을 받게 된다. 특히, 위성체에 미치는 열환경은 위성이 궤도를 그리며 운동하는 동안 태양과 지구로부터의 복사량의 크기 및 분포에 따라 결정되는데, 약 5,50$0^{\circ}C$의 흑체온도를 갖고 있는 태양과 -27$0^{\circ}C$의 심우주는 위성체에서 태양이 비추는 부분과 반대편과의 온도를 극한으로 만들게 된다. (중략)

• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.48 no.4
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• pp.295-301
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• 2020

When a spacecraft in deep space falls into an abnormal state, an emergency communication channel between ground and the spacecraft is essential in order to perform analysis to the cause of the anomaly, and to remedy the spacecraft from the distressed state. Because the recovery actions generally comprises of long and complicated sequences of commands, the transmission of the recovery commands may require a reliable and a delay tolerant networking technology based on bundle routing. While the delay tolerant networking protocol becomes a prominent method interfacing ground and space into a internet-like Solar system network because it can address the issues of the severe communication problems in deep space, the communication system on the spacecraft which based on space packet protocol cannot use the delay tolerant networking technology directly. So a community of the consultative committee for space data systems starts a discussion of the first-hop last-hop mechanism to establish a feasible concept and standardization. This paper presents an enhanced concept of the first-hop last-hop by applying it a virtual cislunar communication environment, and we believe this contributes to make a way applicable to an interoperable relay concept of the first hop last hop between the delay tolerant networking and space packet protocol standard.

• Aerospace Engineering and Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.120-128
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• 2014

Adventure of human race for space exploration is toward outer region of solar system. Recently the main targets of space explorations are becoming mainly the Mars, Venus and asteroids instead of the Moon which was the popular place human wants to explore. There are several technical challenges as spacecraft goes far and far away from the Earth, and among them communication protocol is one of the most challenging problems. In this paper, several international technical trends regarding deep space communication protocol technologies in an aspect of software implementation is presented. It is expected that these references are helpful for the development of the lunar orbiter pathfinder which is planned to be launched in 2017.

• Journal of Space Technology and Applications
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.195-205
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• 2022

Space exploration is an area where international cooperation takes place more actively than any other space activities such as Earth observation, communication and navigation. This is because a country cannot afford a huge budget to have full infrastructure for deep space exploration, such as a heavy launch vehicle, communication and energy infrastructure, and human habitats, and has learned that it is not sustainable. Korea expressed its willingness to join humanity's epic exploration journey by signing the Artemis Accords in 2021 and launching Danuri lunar orbiter in 2022. The beginning of space exploration means that Korea's space activities have expanded beyond the stage of focusing only on technology development to set norms necessary to accompany other countries and cooperate diplomatically to solve exposed problems. This paper analyzed European space policy and space exploration, which are most actively participating in the Artemis Program and exerting diplomatic power in the space field, from the perspective of science and technology diplomacy. The suggestions for Korea's space exploration strategy from the perspective of science and technology diplomacy were drawn by examining the international cooperation strategies in Europe's space activities ranging from space policy, space strategy, and space exploration program to project units.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.46.1-46.1
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• 2019

우리나라 최초의 우주탐사 사업인 달 탐사선(KPLO) 개발 사업에는 국내에서 개발하는 과학 탑재체 3기, 기술 검증탑재체 1기, 고해상도 카메라 1기, 국제협력의 일환으로 NASA의 과학 탑재체 1기도 함께 개발되고 있다. KPLO와 이들 탑재체의 운영을 수행하게 될 KPLO 심우주 지상시스템은 달 탐사선 운영에 필요한 궤도, 임무계획 등의 정보를 생성하고, KPLO의 기동명령과 상태정보를 송, 수신하는 역할을 주요 임무로 수행한다. 또한 이들 정보를 기반으로 궤도임무를 수행하고 있는 KPLO의 임무운영 상태를 시각화하여 운영자로 하여금 KPLO 운영을 용이하게 하고, 공공에게 이를 제공하는 역할도 함께 수행한다. KPLO 심우주 지상시스템은 AGI사의 STK와 NASA/JPL에서 개발한 Cosmographia를 활용하여 각각 특성에 맞는 KPLO 운영 시각화 정보를 제공할 것이다. 본 발표에서는 Cosmographia의 작동 및 활용 개념을 설명하고, KPLO의 가상 임무를 적용한 SPICE Kernels을 활용하여 고해상도 카메라인 LUTI의 지향, 달 중심 표준좌표를 적용한 KPLO의 궤도 등을 시각화 시연을 한다. 또한 고해상도 달 표면 영상 적용, 심우주 네트워크 안테나의 위치 정보표출 등 Cosmographia에서 기본적으로 제공하던 시각화 정보를 개선한 내용에 대해서도 함께 시연한다.