• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.317-324
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• 2009

The aim of this study was to determine whether or not cardiovascular reactivity parameters serve as good indicators in identifying differential emotion in children. The study particularly focused on five emotions(i.e., happiness, sadness, anger, stress, and boredom), thus, study participants were introduced to a combination of music, color, stories, and dolls to induce complex emotions. During the experiment, corresponding cardiovascular reactivity in response to the conditioned stimuli were recorded on physiological parameters including HR, RSA, HRV, HF HRV, LF HRV, and FPV. After the cardiovascular reactivity responses were measured, participants rated on the types and intensity of emotions they had experienced during the emotional stimuli exposure. Results on psychological response show that four emotions except for stress were appropriately and effectively induced participants by emotional stimuli. Findings of physiological responses suggest that, except for RSA, all of the physiological indicators show significant differences among five emotions. This indicates that children' emotions can be measured and differentiated by cardiovascular reactivity, or in other words, emotion specific responses have the ability to distinguish different emotions in children.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.35-41
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• 2018

The purpose of study intends to investigate effects of repetitive work and workload for body while wearing firefighting protective clothing in hot conditions and to provide the basic data for the safety of firefighter. The experimental temperature is WBGT $30^{\circ}C$ and the work intensity is 3, 9 METs. The experiment is processed 15 minutes (Ex1), 15 minutes rest (Rest), 15 minutes (Ex2) in order of time. A comparative experiment was carried out for firefighting school students(9 persons; $24.3{\pm}0.71$ years old) wearing firefighting protective clothing. When workload is increased from 3 METs to 9 METs, mean skin temperature change (33.3%), tympanic temperature change (242.9%), heart rate (36.2%), respiration rate (53.9%), RPE (81.6%), thermal Sensation (20.8%), weight loss (60.0%), glucose (-4.4%), lactate (41.7%) are statistically significantly higher. As a result, it is considered that repetitive work and workload have a strong effect on the body when wearing firefighting protective clothing in hot conditions.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2015.10a
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• pp.1822-1825
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• 2015

본 논문에서는 운동 전후 또는 심장 질환과 관련 있는 사용자가 체중을 측정하면서 동시에 심전도 신호를 측정하여 운동 부하에 따른 심장의 활동 상태를 모니터링 할 수 있는 장치를 고안하였다. 이를 위한 방법으로 체중계에 수정된 바이폴라 금속전극을 적용하여 표준사지 측정법을 이용하여 심장활동 신호를 측정할 수 있는 방법을 제안하였다. 체중계에서 심전도를 측정하기 위해 기존의 Ag-AgCl 전극이 아닌 금속 판 형태의 전극을 사용하였으며 이를 위해 입력 임피던스의 설계를 브릿지 형의 AC-Coupling 회로를 통해 높은 CMRR이 유지되도록 설계하였다. 또한 시시각각 변화하는 노이즈를 제거하기 위해 Savitzky-golay filter를 사용하였으며 이를 통해 Baseline wandering 이 제거된 최종 심장활동 신호를 획득하였다. R-peak 검출을 통해 기준신호와의 심박수 및 Sensitivity의 비교평가를 수행하여 이 장치의 성능을 평가한 결과 심박 검출률의 평균 Sensitivity가 97.1%로 나타났다. 동잡음 제거에 대한 알고리즘이 보다 최적화 되어 최종 출력 신호의 안정성이 향상 된다면 체중계를 통한 심박 검출의 가능성과 그 유효성이 충분할 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.6 no.5
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• pp.329-336
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• 2015

In this study, Pilates mat exercise program three times a week for 8 weeks, 10 minutes for a warm up, 40 minutes of main exercise, and 10-minute cool down exercise using gadgetry to the middle aged women. Pilates exercise program when exercise intensity based on the instructions of the ACSM (2010) as 1-4 weeks 50-60% HRR, 5-8 weeks 61-70% HRR to give 50-70%, maintaining the strength of 4 weeks. Pilates exercise program by gadgetry has increased the strength of wireless heart rate meter (Polar Analyzer, Polar Electro of Finland) Karvonen (1979), proceed individual target heart exercise obtained as a way now to check your strength workout through individual conciousness. We estimated immunoglobulin change for Pilates mat exercise by gadgetry during 8-week. It showed the following conclusions. First, immunoglobulin IgA has been increased and Interaction effects has been showed thruough Pilates mat exercise programs for 8 weeks. Second, immunoglobulin IgG has been increased and showed Interaction effects has been showed thruough Pilates mat exercise programs for 8 weeks. Third, immunoglobulin IgM has been increased and showed Interaction has been showed effects thruough Pilates mat exercise programs for 8 weeks. Therefore, this study was conducted on a Pilates mat exercise using props immune function are positive hormonal changes, can prevent private for the disease and effective exercises that are the fodder.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.17 no.9 s.89
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• pp.1266-1271
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate combined effects of diaphragm breathing and garlic powder intake on body composition, heart rate, blood press and immunoglobulin levels in middle-aged male smokers from the age 40-49. Diaphragm breath training was 2-5 grade intensity on dyspnea scale for 20 minutes four times a week for 4 weeks and subjects were given garlic at 3 g of powder after breakfast and dinner two times a day during the 4 weeks. The conclusions of this study are as follows; Garlic intake group decreased in percentage of body fat, in the comparison between groups, garlic intake group had a lower percentage of body fat than control group. Heart rate was decreased in Diaphragm breathing group at rest. SBP was decreased in Diaphragm breathing+garlic intake group. Garlic intake group and diaphragm breathing+garlic intake group increased in IgG.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1263-1270
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of exercise mode and anti-hypertensive drug responding status on the cardiovascular response and perceived exertion in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Seventy-five patients who participated in six-week exercise rehabilitation therapy performed a treadmill running and a cycle ergometer exercise at intensities of 60%HRR and 85%HRR respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), rate pressure production (RPP), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. The results of cardiovascular response by the different exercise modes with moderate and intensive intensity of anti-hypertensive drug responder and nonresponder ACS patients were following: First cycle ergometer exercise induced significantly higher SBP, DBP, MAP, RPP and MAP than treadmill running exercise at the intensities of 60%HRR and 85%HRR in both anti-hypertensive responder and nonresponder ACS patients (p<0.05). Secondly anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients had significantly higher DBP and MAP that anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients at all the exercise modes (p<0.05). Finally there was no difference of RPP between anti-hypertensive responder and nomresponder ACS patients, although anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients showed higher blood pressure and RPP than anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients. In conclusion, cycle ergometer induced increased cardiovascular response at same intensities of treadmill running exercise and anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients had even more increased cardiovascular response than anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients with no difference in perceived exertion during exercise. These results suggested that cycle ergometer exercise should be greatly careful with the risk of higher blood pressure, especially for those who are patients with hypertensive blood pressure.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2006

Biofeedback training to increase the amplitude of respiratory sinus arrhythmia(RSA) maximally increases the amplitude of heart rate variability(HRV) only in respiratory rate at approximately 0.1Hz. To perform this task, people slow their breathing to this rate to point where resonance occur between respiratory sinus arrhythmia(RSA) and oscillation that naturally occur at this rate, probably triggered in part by baroreflex activity. The biofeedback technique allows each individual to breathe at a rate that is specifically adapted to the rhythms of his or her own body. A manual is presented for carrying out this method.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.252-260
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• 2021

For frailty management, the importance of resistance exercise has been emphasized, and various devices have been developed. Recently, digital weight control technology that converts electromagnetic resistance to a digital weight is attracting attention, but there are no reports confirming the effectiveness and safety of the device for seniors in Korea. This study conducted a biomechanic-based ergonomic analysis of an elderly-friendly exercise device utilized in digital load control technology to suggest a direction for development. Twenty seniors (age: 62.40 ± 2.09 years) were included. The load of the device was classified into three levels, and the muscle activity and heart rate were assessed during three experimental motions. A questionnaire based on the International Organization for Standardization 9241-11 was adopted to evaluate the stability, operationality, efficiency, and satisfaction with the software and device. The program could be divided into three exercise intensities that can be utilized in the field depending on whether the exercise load, muscle activity, and heart rate were consistent. The monitor size needed to be enlarged to make the menu Korean, reduce the device size, and minimize noise. Considering these findings, the development of an advanced age-friendly exercise device by improving the size, display, and noise is suggested.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.61-69
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• 2015

This study presents a probabilistic knowledge discovery method to interpret heart rate variability (HRV) based on time and frequency domain indexes, extracted using discrete wavelet transform. The knowledge induction algorithm was composed of two phases: rule generation and rule estimation. Firstly, a rule generation converts numerical attributes to intervals using ROC curve analysis and constructs a reduced ruleset by comparing consistency degree between attribute-value pairs with different decision values. Then, we estimated three measures such as rule support, confidence, and coverage to a probabilistic interpretation for each rule. To show the effectiveness of proposed model, we evaluated the statistical discriminant power of five rules (3 for atrial fibrillation, 1 for normal sinus rhythm, and 1 for both atrial fibrillation and normal sinus rhythm) generated using a data (n=58) collected from 1 channel wireless holter electrocardiogram (ECG), i.e., HeartCall$^{(R)}$, U-Heart Inc. The experimental result showed the performance of approximately 0.93 (93%) in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and AUC measures, respectively.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.23 no.2 s.54
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• pp.81-87
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• 1999

The effect of saponin and non-saponin of Panax Red Ginseng on the blood pressure and nitric oxide production were investigated in the conscious free moving one-kidney, one-clip Goldbaltt hypertensive (lK, 1C-GBH) rats. Mean blood pressure in the control and lK, 1C-GBH rats was decreased by the administration of ginseng saponin (100 mg/kg, i.v.). The hypotensive effect induced by ginseng saponin was reached maximum at 2-4 minutes and was slowly recovered to the initial level of blood pressure. Also ginseng saponin induced reflex tachycardia in the conscious both rats. Contrast to the response induced by ginseng saponin, hypotensive effect induced by non-saponin of panax ginseng is minimal. Plasma nitric oxide concentration was increased by the treatment of ginseng saponin (100 mg/kg, i.p for 5 days) in both rats. It has been shown by western blotting that the expression level of the protein for endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in the aorta of rats was not increased by the treatment of ginseng saponin (100 mg/kg, i.p). However, eNOS activity in aortic homogenates of both rats were increased by the treatment of ginseng saponins. From the above results, the hypotensive effect of saponin was greater than that of non-saponin of Panax Red Ginseng. The lowering effect of blood pressure by ginseng saponin may be due to the increase of plasma nitric oxide concentration via the increase of endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity in the renovascular hypertensive and control rats.