• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.14 no.1_spc
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• pp.273-298
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to explore a risk and a protective factors of adolescent runaway based on the previous researches. Runaway of adolescents is increasing, and it is longer and more habit gradually than past. The prevailance methods of runaway is no longer effects on the decrease of adolescent runaway. Now there is to accept adolescent runaway, and has to support the difficult life conditions and the emotional distress of adolescent post-runaway. This means that must be identify and treatment the protective factors having an buffering effect as well as the risk factors influencing on runaway. Although the worse factors related family are the highest risk factors of runaway, others factors including negative peer relation, a academic stress also an have significant influence on runaway. And the protective factors mediating the negative influence of risk factors are an monitoring and controlling of parent as authoritative rearing attitude, a social support, a positive coping strategies, a self-esteem, and a conventional peer group. Protective factors prevent from runaway behavior, as well as improve a resilience of adolescents in the poor environment. The tasks of follow study are to investigate empirically the mediating effects of the protective factors on the problem behavior of post-runaway and resilience of runaway adolescents based on the systematic research design.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.19-49
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• 2011

In this study, multilateral conceptualizations of underemployment were measured in terms of wages, social status, skill utilization and permanence of the job, and then the effects of antecedents on underemployment and the effects of underemployment on organizational adaptation were examined. Data obtained by a longitudinally designed survey at intervals of 18 months with the reemployed(N = 153) after job loss were used. The underemployment measures include 1) the ratio of wage change 2) the ratio of status change 3) the ratio of education 4) the occurrence of change from the permanent job to temporary job, 5) overqualification - growth opportunity, 6) overqualification - mismatch. The first four measures are social-economic and objective measures and the last two measures are psychological and self-reported ones. Demographic variables(sex, age, education level, and period of unemployed), circumstantial variables(economic hardship, number of dependents), and psychological variables(job-seeking self-efficacy, depression/anxiety, latent function) are included in antecedents. In the effects of antecedents on underemployment, age increases the level of underemployment in the aspects of wage and job status. Economic hardship increases the possibility of underemployment in the aspects of education and number of dependents increases the possibility of underemployment in the aspects of job status. Job seeking self-efficacy decreases the possibility of underemployment in the overqualification - no growth. Retention of latent function during the period of unemployment lowers the possibility of underemployment in the overqualification - no growth. The level of depression and anxiety during the period of unemployment raises the possibility of underemployment in terms of education and in the overqualification - mismatch. In the effects of underemployment on organizational adaptation, the higher the level of underemployment in the aspect of education is, the lower the level of person-organization fit, emotional commitment, and job satisfaction are. And the transition from permanent job to temporary job makes emotional commitment and job satisfaction lower. No growth and mismatch exerted a significant influence on organizational adaptation generally.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.4361-4369
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• 2014

This study examined the gender role identity within the Korean context with particular focus on how the changes within Korean society may have impacted on the gender role identities of middle-aged men. This research adapting Q methodology created a sampling distribution of P with 40 middle-aged men aged between 40-59 years old. Each of 40 Q samples were placed in a forced distribution of 9 scales. Secondary analysis of the results was then conducted by principal component factor analysis using the QUANL PC program. Middle-aged men are likely to have traditional masculinity and newly developed femininity, such as caring for others and sensitivity. This means that a consideration of these characteristics needs to understand the gender role identity of middle-aged men.

• Archives of design research
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• v.20 no.3 s.71
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• pp.215-224
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• 2007

A VR-Tangible Interaction therapy system for autistic children has been designed and implemented. The purpose of this system is to provide a virtual interactive experience for autistic children to check their performances in various tasks and to provide them with the effect of a medical treatment. An interdisciplinary study was deployed by a group of designers, doctors, psychologists and engineers. 14 interaction scenarios were designed and developed. Scenarios include such tasks as to guess a person's feeling by watching his facial expressions, to choose what a person is gazing at, and to pop virtual balloons with a stick. A prototype system was developed and a pilot study made with 11 autistic children. The test showed that autistic children easily understood and enjoyed the virtual environment, and promising theraphy results were also found.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.3
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• pp.1178-1187
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• 2011

Based on previous studies that cognitive complexity and coping flexibility are closely related with psychological adaptibility, it can be inferred that they can influence management ability of countertransference in counselling. This study focused on the influence of counselor's cognitive complexity and coping flexibility on the management ability of countertransference in counselling. The survey was conducted on 128 (female 108, male 20) counselors of college counseling center, general counseling center, schools and hospitals. The study employed flexibility scale measures, interpersonal discrimination test, and countertransference factors inventory. The results was that the level of cognitive complexity did not influence countertransference ability whereas the level of coping flexibility influenced countertransference management ability. In multiple regression, it was evidenced that coping flexibility influence countertransference management ability more than cognitive complexity. In sum, our study indicate that coping flexibility is important to enhance the management ability of countertransference in counselling, and that related counsellor training program should be developed in the future.

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.58-66
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• 2005

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to identify the patterns of activities of daily living (ADL) functional status and to examine the relationships between sense of coherence(SOC), depression, and uncertainty in gynecologic cancer patients who were receiving chemotherapy. Method: A prospective, longitudinal design with repeated measures was utilized. Women reported depression, SOC, and uncertainty at the beginning of the first cycle of chemotherapy, and they recorded ADL functional status everyday for two consecutive treatment cycles. the The instruments used were the Karnofsky Performance Status Index, Orientation to Life Questionnaire, Beck Depression Inventory, and Mishel Uncertainty in Illness Scale-Adult Form. Result: Data from 42 women showed that the ADL functional status during the second cycle was better than that of the first cycle with significant improvement each week. However, it did not completely recover to the baseline level even three weeks after the treatment ended in both cycles. SOC was correlated with depression(r=-.64, p<.001) and uncertainty(r=-.62, p<.001). Uncertainty was related to depression (r=.66, p<.001) and to functional status during the second cycle(r=-.45, p<.05), while the scores of the functional status during the two cycles were not related. Conclusion: Changing patterns and level of functional status during the treatment phase would be useful information for cancer patients to prepare coping strategies for positive health outcomes.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.143-160
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• 1997

현재 우리 군에서는 첨단과학무기를 이용한 전투력을 신속히 집중, 전환시키고 효과적으로 통합 운용해야하는 각급 제대의 지휘관 및 참모의 지휘통제능력 향상을 위하여 첨단 컴퓨터장비를 이용하여 시뮬레이션 기법을 통한 워게임 모델을 개발하여 이를 이용한 훈련을 실시하고 있다. 이 워게임 모델중 지상전투의 가장 기본이 되는 근접전투 시뮬레이션은 미국에서 개발도입된 "COBRA" 시스템을 이용하고 있으나 한국실정에 맞는 시스템으로 확장 및 유지보수가 어렵고, 상위시스템의 서브시스템으로만 운영되고있어 자체 교육훈련 및 전투분석을 위한 단독시스템으로 운영이 어려운 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 극복하고, 방대한 양의 지식을 효율적이고 효과적으로 표현할 수 있으며 시스템의 확장 및 유지보수가 용이하고 우리실정에 적합한 전투 훈련을 실시하도록 지원하는 워게임(근접전투) 지원용 멀티미디어 전문가시스템을 개발하였다. 본 논문에서 개발한 전문가시스템은 쌍방이 부대들의 근접전투를 실시할 때 실전에서 나타날 수 있는 가능한 모든 상황의 데이터를 이용하여 전투상황을 분석하며, 기존의 획일적이고 단순한 형태로 결과를 판정하던 것을 전투원의 사기, 체력, 전투한계 등 심리적 요소까지 고려함으로써 새로이 변화되는 전쟁양상에 쉽게 적응할 수 있는 확장성 및 유지보수가 용이하며 시스템 단독으로 운영하여 반복적으로 전투를 분석하고 교육훈련을 실시하도록 함으로써 실전적이고 실질적인 근접전투 워게임지원이 가능하다. 본 논문에서는 전문가 시스템을 개발함에 있어서 지식베이스 모듈, 추론엔진 모듈 및 설명 모듈은 전문가 시스템 개발도구인 Smart Elements를 이용하여 구축하였으며, 사용자 인터페이스 모듈은 멀티미디어 저적도구인 툴북 3.0을 이용하였으며, 마지막으로 전체적인 모듈은 API를 이용 통합하여 하나의 응용소프트웨어를 생성하였다.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.323-335
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• 1992

In this paper, an adaptive cosine transform coding scheme which incorporate human visual properties into the coding scheme is investigated. Human vision is relatively sensitive to mid-frequency band, and insensitive to very low and very high frequency band. These property was mathematically modelled with MTF(Modulation Transfer Function) through many psychovisual experiment. DCT transforms energy in spatial domain into frequency domain, so can exploit the MTF very efficiently. Another well-known visual characteristics is spatial masking effect that visibility of noise is less in regions of high activity than in regions of low activity. Proposed coding scheme imploys quantization matrix which represent the properties of these spatial frequency response of human vision, and adaptively quality of an image. To compute the activity index of an image block, simple operation is performed in spatial domain, and according to activity index. block of low activity region is more exactly quantized relatively than that of high activity region. Results showed that, at low bit rate, the subjective quality of the reconstructed images by proposed coding scheme is acceptible than that of coding scheme without HVS properties.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.449-456
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• 2014

This study aims to contribute to our knowledge on gender role identity of middle-aged women within the Korean context. This research adapting Q methodology created a sampling distribution of P with 40 middle-aged women between 40-60 years old. We put each of 40 Q samples to become a forced distribution into 9 scales. And then we conducted a secondary analysis of the results from the principal component factor analysis by the PC QUANL program. Gender role identities of middle aged women were classified as four types: "affectionate-sensitive type", "affectionate-confident type", "assertive-confident type", and "sensitive-dominant type". Most of the middle-aged women in Korea tend to keep their original gender role identities. Some of women, however, experience the gender role identity change over time that their traits of traditional caring become more prominent than their affectionate character.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.693-702
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• 2014

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between treatment belief, personal control, depressive mood, and health-related quality of life in patients with hemodialysis based on self-regulation theory. Methods: Data were collected from 220 patients at 27 local hemodialysis clinics in Seoul during 2013 and 2014. The Revised Illness Perception Questionnaire, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, and Medical Outcomes Study Short Form-12 were used to measure outcome variables. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-tests, ANOVA, Pearson correlation, and multiple regression using the 'enter' method. Results: Treatment belief and personal control scored 3.58 and 3.54 out of 5 points respectively, on average. Treatment belief and personal control of kidney disease were negatively correlated with depressive mood and positively correlated with health-related quality of life. According to the regression analysis, treatment belief, monthly income, and personal control were discovered to account for 21.8% of the variance in depressive mood, where as depressive mood, monthly income, treatment belief, and age were found out to account for 40.6% of the variance in health-related quality of life. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated significant positive relationships between treatment belief and illness outcome in hemodialysis patients. Interventions aimed to provide the necessary information and trust to maximize the effectiveness of treatment need be developed to improve patients outcomes.