• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.8
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• pp.98-109
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• 2017

According to Peter Berger and Thomas Luckmann, people do not live understanding the objective existence, but live defining the reality that is socially constructed. This study analyzed the frame of news report dealing with public figures to inquire into the following subjects: Which group is defined as a public figure? Which role and obligation are required for a public figure? Which standard can be set to judge right and wrong of behavior of a public figure? The research result shows that the press mentioned with most frequency politicians and broadcasting-related people as public figures. In case of politicians, the press focuses most on scandals related to their duties and qualities, while in case of broadcasting-related people, the press focuses most on scandals relevant to ethical problems.

• Journal of Korean Theatre Studies Association
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• no.53
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• pp.57-87
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• 2014

This article re-reads the messages of the text, 'Incendies', the uncanny actions and the strange words of protagonist Nawal, through the ideas of Jacques Lacan, particularly his notion of sexuation with posing questions about most of the previous reviews which are based on femininity or motherhood. For Lacan, masculinity and femininity are not biological essences but symbolic positions, and the assumption of one of these two positions is fundamental to the construction of subjectivity. So 'man' and 'woman' are merely signifiers that stand for these two subjective positions. Each side is defined by both an affirmation and a negation of the phallic function, by both an inclusion and exclusion of absolute non-phallic jouissance. Unlike the man, the woman is 'not-all' identified with the phallic function, demonstrating the undecidability and impossibility of totalising the woman. Although the woman is bound to do castration through being subject to the phallic function, she is also related to the signifier of the barred Other, S(Ⱥ) which stands for a gap or lack in the Other. Thus, as a consequence of not being entirely within the symbolic, she has an Other Jouissance, Feminine Jouissance, because it's possible to face emptiness of the Symbolic, the Real only in the place of the woman for new Ethics/Politics. This paper finds that Nawal is not completely defined by the phallic function and she is a subject of death drive that practices the signifying cut with passing through the fantasy as a screen for the desire of the Other. Nawal is situated on the position of the woman as 'not-all' unlike masculinity in Lacanian sexuation. This article shows that her strange acts are love, that is the true ethical acts. Above all her acts are related to the ethics of pure desire beyond the ethics of the Good of Aristotle. In that sense the character of Nawal of 'Incendies' is similar to the one of 'Antigone' as a character in all aspects. In psychoanalysis they all are true subjects that face a void, emptiness in a symbolic structure. They assume underlying impossibility of being/the Symbolic. They don't represent the images of compromise and peace in the normally accepted meaning of the word. A love that they show is not compassion but blind recognition of the excluded, embracing uniqueness of the excluded. This thesis finds resultingly Nawal's acts which can't be understood from viewpoint of feminism practice the ethics of the real, the politics of the real.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.4348-4353
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• 2011

This paper is based on the Cognitive Linguistics point of view on metaphor. Metaphors are not a matter of language use or rhetorics but of a conceptual frame, where thoughts work. The conceptual frames can highlight one aspect affecting our lives while hiding the other aspect of the facts. Politicians use metaphors to persuade people and justify their political decisions. Lakoff argues that the Republicans in the U.S. have their own conceptual framework based on the 'strict father model' of the conservatives, which can be found in important political speeches. Political metaphors supporting this view are found in the 'Attack on Iraq Speech' by G. H. Bush in 1991 and 'Operation Iraqi Freedom Address' by G. W. Bush in 2003.

• (The)Study of the Eastern Classic
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• no.72
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• pp.217-264
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• 2018

The purpose of this research is to understand the view on people(百姓) and Lee Won-ik(李元翼)'s view on politics, comparing with Seonjo(宣祖)'s view on them. They as political actors sufficiently cognized the condition of life of people had been very desperate. Seonjo had approached from politics to the life of people, while Lee from the life of people to politics. The former has the precariousness of transformation and instrumentalisation of the life of people. The latter has the possibility of the life of people to lead the politics. Lee's stance was on the latter aspect. He had tried to conceive the people as they are, in other words as reality, not as they should be, in other words as idea. He refrained the elucidation of people from confining it within dichotomy structure of ruling-ruled. He had tried to conceive the organic relationship between people and other existences within community. He did not give knowledge-centered question of what is the life of people, but gave situation-phenomenon-centered question of how people has been living. This approach eulciates Lee's focus on the problems of Gongyi(工役), military service(軍役), Labour service(?役), the reduction and exemption of the tax, and the appointment of provincial officer(守令). As for Lee Won-ik, the best form of life of people is to make people have mind to deserve to live, to economize their power(寬民力), to make them savor their life(樂民生), and to make their life easy(安民).

• Korean journal of communication and information
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• v.45
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• pp.7-48
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• 2009

The recent crises of Marxism do not mean Marx’s crisis. Marx said that he was not a Marxist. The purposes of this essay explore (1) the modern identity of the political economy; (2) the possibilities of mutual understanding between neoclassical economics and Marxist economics; (3) problems of the political economy in media and communication industry. I have begged for analytical Marxists, because of their good fruits. They accepted the methods of modern social science and they constituted a tremendous advance in the application of the scientific methods to the study of society. In insisting on micro-foundations(methodological individualism), analytical Marxism distinguished itself from structuralism and functionalism. I appreciate that analytical Marxism has reduced a theory to practice. But the works didn’t listen to everyone(from Marxists to un-Marxists), and explain everything. Making theory with production/consumption, macro/micro, and structure/behavior is a road to the political economy in the long run. It also applies to media and communication industry. The realm of media/communication is broad, which in philosophy, humanities, politics, economics, sociology, and engineering. And media policy is more complicated by politicians who look at the same situation from different angles. By the aid of interdisciplinary research, the political economy of media/communication shall explain at full length.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.139-175
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• 2014

For the past 20 years, expert groups and citizens in Korea have debated on the usefulness of personalized medicine. These debates were mainly focussed on the possibility of the promise - people mainly discussed whether it was a probable future or if it was just a hype. Following Hedgecoe and Tutton(2002) who argue that it is only a 'rhetorial device', we will analyze about 9,000 news media coverages that deal with personalized medicine. With these data, we will show that the same terminology of personalized medicine have been used very differently according to the time and people who use it. Our research will show that this term has both diachronic heterogeneity and synchronic equivocality. This has happened because of the innate lack that exists in our symbolic system. Policy and governance regarding new technology is important because they provide quilting point to those slippery term/signifiant. Also we would like to carefully suggest that we might be able to call this phenomena as signifiant-politics.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.116-126
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• 2012

As a film maker, Lee Chang Dong stands out from most Korean film makers who work within the trappings of genre films. To be sure, Lee has also used the trappings of genre films, such as noire and melodrama, but primarily as a tool to communicate with film audience. In his most recent film "Poetry", Lee seems to have even stripped even the minimal trappings of genre film. Lee commands the audience to self-reflect and work towards their own conclusions by denying them the illusory identification on screen. In this way, Lee's works are counter cinema. Lee achieves a distancing effect using such filmic apparatuses as hand-held camera, fantasy, mise en abyme, and returned gaze. Through these filmic apparatuses, Lee exposes the re-presentation of text and compels his audience to see the historical and political contexts of the text. In this study, I make the case that Lee Chang Dong's film making is an act of repetition compulsion that cultivates ethical reflection, through symbolization of the invisible realities.

• Journal of English Language & Literature
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• v.58 no.1
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• pp.21-42
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• 2012

Gloria Naylor's second novel Linden Hills (1985) explores the issues of self-exploration, empowerment, history, and memory by delineating the communal and familial tragedies and the distortion of values prevalent in a prosperous African-American urban community called Linden Hills. Drawing upon the Freud's concept of "primal scene" and "family romance," this paper aims to focus upon the Nedeed family, the founder of Linden Hills, and investigate the compelling traumatogenic force within the family, which is inseparably intertwined with the inversion of values and moral corruption permeating the entire community. The "primal crime" committed by the Nedeed ancestors serves to preserve and perpetuate a tyrannical rule by ruthless patriarchs who reign by underhanded strategies of purposefully neglecting and abusing others, including their own wives. The imprisonment, by Luther Nedeed, of his wife Willa in the family morgue epitomizes the long legacy running in the family-the oppression and burial of the pre-Oedipal, maternal history. Willa's accidental encounter, at the nadir of the family estate and her personal despair, with the faded records of the forgotten and abused Nedeed women exposes the violence-ridden ground of the family's primal scene and the absurdity of family romance the Nedeeds pursued. As the several lines of poem composed by Willie, Willa's male double, show, the hidden, forgotten history of the Nedeed women, in a sense, is the real, which cannot be assimilated to the social symbolic governed by the inhumane patriarchy of the Nedeed family and the success-oriented Linden Hills society. By portraying a catastrophic downfall of the Nedeed family and the futile outcome of its family romance, the ending of Linden Hills conveys implicitly that the contingent symbolic order and its oppressive control, however solid and invincible they may seem, can be toppled down by the real, its nameless forgotten Other.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.163-177
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• 2019

This study is concerned with "fiction" as a new form of writing over the limits of the post-modernist theater/arts. Fiction is not something illusory that demands the audience's empathy but something that unveils form's disinterest in content. Thus, in this paper, I examine a fiction as the opposition of any representational norm and words' old mimesis. Rebutting the crisis of post-modern art and the end of images, philosopher Jacque $Ranci{\grave{e}}re$ mentions the possibility of appropriating similarity in an imitative way by twisting Platonic mimesis. The image of this similarity wanders alongside the loss of signification, unmasking the form's indifference to content. These wandering words represent their own truth "in a way fossils or grooved stones encapsulate histories" as hieroglyphics. This "fiction" as an alternative of post-modernist plays is not any confrontation of reality but the "movement of thinking" that allows the human spirit to play in a way of shaping "some substantiality." In this sense, I examines works by two French writers, $Jo{\ddot{e}}l$ Pommerat (1963~) and Jean-Claude Grumberg (1939~ ) who have carried out their writing practices of appropriating similarity that dissolves any simple "immediate reflection" for non-intermediate relations between the producing and the produced. Their writing is a cross of literary creation and "le politique" as a new aesthetic practice of writing and reveals the movement of thinking, departing from the preexisting concept of fiction.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.34-40
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• 1981

The logical development of an optimum structural shielding design and the computation of protective barriers for high energy radiation therapy room, Toshiba 13 MeV. are presented. We obtained following results by comparison in between the precalculating values and actual survey after complete installation of radiogenerating units. 1. The calculating formula for the protective barrier written in NCRP report #34(1970) was the most ideal and economic calculating methods for the construction of barrier and to determine thickness for the meeting requirements of the number of patients of 80-100 in daily treatment. 2. The precalculating values of protective barrier are 5 times more protective than that of actual measurement. It is depending on radiation workload and utilization the datas most sequrely. 3. The dose rate during exposure are 2-10 mR/hr at out of the door and the controll room. 4. The foul smelling and ozone gas production from long exposure of cancer patients cannot be eliminated when the room is ill ventilated.