• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.91-98
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• 2008

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to evaluate flexor-extensor muscle strength of trunk according to Sasang constitution. Methods : This study was carried out with the data from comprehensive medical testing. People were performed Trunk Extension Flexion(TEF) Program of CYBEX NORM System and QSCC(Questionnaire of Sasang Constitution Classification) II test. And then we made three groups according to Sasang constitution and analyzed isokinetic strength on the TEF. Results : 1. A significant difference(Taeumin>Soeumin>Soyangin) was found in flexor muscle peak torque(PT) of trunk according to Sasang constitution(P<0.05). 2. A significant difference was not found in flexor muscle peak torque%body weight (PT%BW) of trunk according to Sasang constitution. 3. A significant difference(Taeumin>Soeumin>Soyangin) was found in extensor muscle peak torque(PT) of trunk according to Sasang constitution(P<0.05). 4. A significant difference(Soeumin>Taeumin>Soyangin) was found in extensor muscle peak torque%body weight(PT%BW) of trunk according to Sasang constitution(P<0.05). Conclusions : There is a significant difference in isokinetic strength on the TEF according to Sasang constitution.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.45-56
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• 2004

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to know the effects of the postoperative lumbar extensor strengthening exercise program on back muscles strength and volume, pain, and the time of return to work. METHODS: A prospective controlled trial of lumbar extensor exercise program in patients who underwent microdiscectomy or percutaneous endoscopic discectomy for prolapsed lumbar intervertebral disc. Seventy-five patients were randomized into exercise group (20 male, 15 female) and non-exercise group (18 male, 22 female). Six weeks after surgery, patients in exercise group undertook a 12-week lumbar extension exercise (MedX) program. Assessment of spinal function was performed in all patients on postoperative 6 weeks, 18 weeks. The assessment included measures of lumbar extensor power, muscle mass of erector spinalis. All patients completed the visual analog scale (VAS) for evaluation of pain, and return to work. RESULTS: In muscle power, there were statistically significant improvements between pre and post test on muscle power in exercise group. But there were not statistically significant difference on muscle power in non-exercise group. In muscle mass, there were statistically significant difference between pre and post test on muscle mass in exercise group. But there were not statistically significant difference on muscle mass in non-exercise group. In the pain, there were statistically significant decrease between pre and post test on both group. But there were not statistically significant difference on fatty tissue and obesity in non-exercise group. The percentages of return to work in postoperative 4 months were significantly greater in the exercise group than in the non -exercise group. CONCLUSIONS: Postoperative lumbar extensor strengthening exercise program appears to be more beneficial to the patients who underwent operation for prolapsed lumbar intervertbral disc.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.33-43
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to compare the lumbar extensor strength between before exercise and after 8 weeks exercise in the elderly. To evaluate lumbar extensor strength of total 18 patients (above 59 age) with low back pain or have experienced surgical operation. Lumbar extensor strength was measured in 8 male patients and 10 female patients (9 op group and 9 non-op group) by Medx lumbar extension machine. The data were analyzed with paired t-test compared to muscle strength, with repeated measured ANOVA compared to amount increase of muscle strength, using SPSS ver. 10.0 program. The results of this study were as follows: 1. There were significantly increased total lumbar extension strength was appear $6918.7{\pm}2802.77$ft-lbs in before exercise, $10432.83{\pm}2802.773397.1$ft-lbs in after 8 weeks exercise (p<. 05). 2. There were significantly increased total lumbar extension strength was increased to compared before exercise with after 8 weeks exercise in sex (p<. 05), op/non-op group (p<. 05).

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.9-19
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• 2010

Purpose : To identify whether isometric shoulder horizontal extension (ISHE) exercise could sufficiently activate the lumbar multifidus muscle, and to determine appropriate exercise intensity to increase muscle strength. Methods : Twenty healthy volunteers (10 males and 10 females) participated in this study. ISHE exercises on the dominant side were performed with $90^{\circ}$ shoulder abduction held in $90^{\circ}$ elbow flexion so that their arms were in the horizontal plane. Electromyographic (EMG) measurements of multifidus activation were performed in standing and supine positions, and were taken under four strength conditions: 75%, 50% and 25% of maximum shoulder horizontal extension strength, and maximum strength. Results : The EMG activations of both lumbar multifidus increased significantly with ISHE exercises of larger % strength (p<.05). In their multifidus EMG data measured in standing and supine positions, men differed significantly in their 75%, 50% and 25% strength for both sides (p<.05), and women differed significantly in their 75%, 50% and 25% strength on their 5th lumbar vertebrae's left side, but 75% only for their 5th lumbar vertebrae's right side (p<.05). The EMG data of 5th lumbar vertebrae's left and 5th lumbar vertebrae's right sides appeared to differ significantly at all strength levels for men while standing, but only at the 25% level for women in the supine position (p<.05). These findings indicate that ISHE exercises can be considered a beneficial method to enhance the multifidus strength. Conclusion : This study provides useful information for further study in this field.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.533-539
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• 2009

In this study, the femur, the tibia, the articular cartilage and the menisci are three dimensionally reconstructed using MR images of healthy knee joint in full extension of 26-year-old male. Three dimensional finite element model of the knee joint is fabricated on the reconstructed model. Also, the FE models of ligaments and tendons are attached on the biologically suitable position of the FE model. Bones, articular cartilages and menisci are considered as homogeneous, isotropic and linear elastic materials, and ligaments and tendons are modeled as truss element and nonlinear elastic springs. The numerical results show the contact pressure and the von Mises stress distribution in the soft tissues such as articular cartilages and menisci which can be regarded as important parameters to estimate the failure of the tissues and the pain of the patients.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.54 no.1
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• pp.55-61
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• 2010

Gardenia jasminoides is one of the most widely used herbal preparations for the treatment of liver disorders. This study evaluated the potential beneficial effect of G. jasminoides in a mouse model of carbon tetrachloride ($CCl_4$)-induced liver injury. The mice were treated intraperitoneally with $CCl_4$ (10 ${\mu}l$/kg). They received G. jasminoides (30, 100, 300 mg/kg) 48 h, 24 h and 2 h before and 6 h after administering $CCl_4$. The serum activities of aminotransferase and the hepatic level of malondialdehyde were significantly higher 24 h after the $CCl_4$ treatment, while the concentration of reduced glutathione was lower. These changes were attenuated by G. jasminoides. $CCl_4$ increased the level of circulating tumor necrosis factor-$\alpha$ (TNF-$\alpha$) markedly, which was reduced by G. jasminoides. The levels of hepatic inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) protein expression were markedly higher after the $CCl_4$ treatment. G. jasminoides diminished these alterations. $CCl_4$ increased the level of TNF-$\alpha$, iNOS and COX-2 mRNA expressions, and these increases were attenuated by G. jasminoides. These results suggest that G. jasminoides alleviates $CCl_4$-induced liver injury, and this protection is likely due to the reduced oxidative stress and the downregulation of proinflammatory mediators.

• Journal of Information Management
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.108-119
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• 2001

Creating digital document by scanning paper or using a digital camera or using a computer is a daily task at every office. Digital document is increasing at high pace. The quantity of digital document is almost beyond the maximum capacity of the online storage and is destroying searching efficiency. To solve these problems, we developed a document management system(ChronoStar) by integrating various searching methods(Picture, Full-Text Related), 3D graphic and a DVD changer.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.61-64
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• 2002

The authors report one case of isolated avulsion fracture of the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament. A 13 years old boy was admitted for right knee pain and swelling after the soccer injury on his knee. Hemarthrosis and posterior instability were present. Simple roentgenographic examination showed an isolated avulsion fracture of the tibial attachment of the posterior cruciate ligament. Open approach through the popliteal fossa was used and bony fragment was fixed into its bed using pull-out sutures. Postoperatively, a long leg cast was applied for 4 weeks. The patient was followed for 6 months. He returned to his previous activity levels. There was no residual laxity. Isolated avulsion of the posterior cruciate ligament from the tibia before the epiphyseal fusion is very rare in children. We reported one case of our experience and its result.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.75-78
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• 2002

Avulsion of the hamstring tendon from the ischial tuberosity is common in many sports, especially with younger athletes. The injury results from a sudden forceful flexion of the hip joint when the knee is extended and the hamstring muscles powerfully contracted. Early diagnosis and surgical repair with reattachment of avulsed muscles to the ischial tuberosity restore function and correct deformity. But, a delay in the diagnosis and treatment leads to a poor result functionally and clinically. Complication, such as heterotopic ossification and failure of the fixation, etc., were reported following a surgical procedure for this injury. However, sciatic nerve injury has not been reported in the literature. We report our experience of a sciatic nerve palsy after surgery that was performed three months after that the initial injury.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.970-977
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• 2015

The purpose of this study was to investigate biomechanical factors on key motions in K-Pop dance(BoA's No.1). A professional choreographer who was BoA's K-Pop No. 1 dance participated in this study. ROMs(range of motion) of shoulder and elbow joints in AP direction were greater than other joints. Those of trunk and pelvis in ML direction were the greatest of other directions. The velocity of CoG in SI direction was greater than other directions, and also max angular velocities of shoulder, elbow, knee, and hip joints in AP direction were the greatest of all directions. But ROM and angular velocity of ankle joint were very small. Max rotational powers of shoulder and knee joints were larger than other joints.