• Journal of Life Science
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.484-489
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• 2004

Artificial joint replacement is one of the major surgical advances of the 21th century. The primary purpose of a TKA (Total Knee Arthroplasty) is to restore normal knee Auction. Therefore, ideally, a TKA should: (a) maintain the natural leverage of the knee joint muscles to ensure generating adequate knee muscle moments to accomplish daily tasks such as rising from a chair or climbing stairs;(b) allow the same range of motion as an complete knee; and (c) provide adequate knee joint stability. Four individuals (2 peoples after surgery one year and 2 peoples after surgery three years) participated in this study. All they were prescreened for health and functional status by the same surgeon who performed the operations. Two days of accommodation practice occurred prior to the actual strength testing. The isometric strength (KIN-COM III) of the quadriceps and hamstring were measured at 60$^\circ$ and 30$^\circ$ of knee flexion, respectively. During isokinetic concentric testing, the range of motion was between 10$^\circ$ to 80$^\circ$ of knee flexion (stand-to-sit) and extension (sit-to-stand). for a given test, the trial exhibiting maximum torque was analyzed. A 16-channel MYOPACTM EMG system (Run Technologies, Inc.) was used to collect the differential input surface electromyographic (EMG) signals of the vastus medialis (VM), vastus lateralis(VL), rectus femoris (RF) during sit-to-stand and stand-to-sit tests. Disposable electrodes (Blue SensorTM, Medicotest, Inc.) were used to collect the EMG signals. The results were as follows; 1. Less maximum concentric (16% and 21% less for 1 yew man and 3 years mm, respectively) and isometric (12% and 29%, respectively) quadriceps torque for both participants. 2.14% less maximum hamstrings concentric torque for 1 year man but 16% greater torque for 3 years mm. However, 1 year man had similar hamstring isometric peak torque for both knees. 3. Less quadriceps co-contraction by 1 year man except for the VM at 10$^\circ$-20$^\circ$ and 30$^\circ$-50$^\circ$ range of knee flexion.

• Korean Security Journal
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• no.24
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• pp.33-51
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to analyze the variation of muscle function and gait ability according to regular spinal stabilization exercise program for private security guards and the conclusion as follows. First, it increased lumbar extension strength and lumbar flexion strength both exercise and non exercise group according to the variation of muscle function with the spinal stabilization exercise program. There was significant difference between exercise and non exercise group after the program but not before the program. Second, it appeared the functional vanishment of lumbar extensor before the program both exercise and non exercise group according to the variation of muscle function with the spinal stabilization exercise program for lumbar flexor extensor ratio. Third, it analyzed for the spinal stabilization with 8 ways according to the variation of muscle function with the spinal stabilization exercise program for the change of the spinal stabilization. The spinal stabilizaton increased each angle for the execise group but decreased or not changed for non exercise group. Fourth, it used 10m gait test for the speed and step length according to the variation of muscle function with the spinal stabilization exercise program. It appeared the increasement of gait ability for exercise group and there was significant difference between exercise and non exercise group. In conclusion, there was a positive effect for lumbar extension strength, lumbar flexion strength, lumbar flexor extensor ratio, spinal stabilization, and gait ability with regular spinal stabilization exercise program. This means that spinal stabilization exercise program give positive effect to the decrease of back pain and the development of muscular strength for private security guard, also will help to recover and return to work more faster. Also, it seems that the exercise prescription program may be applicable to prevent or to improve the function for private security guard.

• Journal of Korean Orthopaedic Sports Medicine
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.88-91
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• 2007

Persistent instability following an acute lateral ankle sprain eventually require ligamentous reconstruction in some cases. Over 50 surgical procedures have been described to reestablish lateral ankle stability varying from direct in situ repair of the anterior talofibular ligament and the calcaneofibular ligament to augmented reconstructions with either autograft or allograft tissue. The author describes the rationale and the technique of anatomic ankle ligament reconstruction with the 4th extensor digitorum longus tendon.

• 대한한약
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• s.3
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• pp.22-27
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• 1999

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.75-83
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between joint moment and joint position angle according to the different walking speeds. According to the different walking speeds(1.5m/s, 1.8m/s, 2.1m/s), experiments were terminated by 8 male subjects. In conclusion, 1. The peak extensor moment of knee joint increased by increasing walking speed, however, walking speed didn't have an effect on peak flexor and abductor moment of knee joint. 2. The position angle of knee joint increased movement of flexion, but other position angles of knee joint didn't have difference when the peak extensor moment generated. 3. The peak joint moment of hip significantly increased in extension, flexion and abduction by increased walking speed. 4. The hip position angle showed more flexible at the hip peak flexor/extensor moment generated. 5. The co-ordination pattern between peak knee joint moment and knee position angle were mathematically modeled by using a least square method. We could get the high level value of R2. We expect to apply this results for evaluating the physical faculty of knee joint.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.161-169
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to investigate kinetic variables of the lower extremity during walking on three different stair widths in healthy adults. Ten healthy college-aged adults($23.5{\pm}3.5$) recruited for this study. Each stairs with the same height and length(l8cm and 90cm) under the Korean Constructional Law but three different widths(26cm, 31cm and 36cm) were conducted for this study. One force plate(9286AA, Kistler Co.) was put on third stairs. One-way ANOVA was performed to find the stair width effects during stair walking and the following findings ware obtained. There was significantly decreased in ankle resultant joint moment at Pull-Up phase(p<.05) and, significantly increased in knee extension moment during mid-stance phase as stair width increase(p<.05), but there was no significance in ankle resultant joint moment was found at Forward Continuance Phase in Ascending Stair Walking and There was significantly increased in ankle resultant joint moment as stair width increase during mid-stance phase(p<.05) and no significance in knee and hip resultant moments among the stair width in descending stair walking.

• Journal of Veterinary Clinics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.320-324
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• 2007

This study was undertaken to assess the antinociceptive effect of Korean bee venom (BV) in mice. Korean BV was collected using BV collector devices in which an electrical impulse is used to stimulate the worker bee (Apis mellifera L.) to sting and release venom. After collection, whole BV was evaporated until dry using the BV collector. Experiments were performed on male ICR mice (weighing $30{\sim}35g$, 6 weeks old). Mice were divided into 4 groups, each comprising 8 mice. BV was diluted and amounts of 6 mg/kg body weight (BW), 0.6 mg/kg BW and 0.06 mg/kg BW were tested. BV was subcutaneously injected to produce an antinociceptive effect and the antinociceptive efficacy was evaluated using a writhing test in mice. Intraperitoneal injection of acetic acid produced a tonic pain behavior, first observed at 3 to 9 min post-injection. This writhing response peaked at 20 min post-acetic acid injection, and then declined until it was undetectable at 60 min post-injection. The time elapse between the administration of acetic acid and the first observed pain behaviors indicated a dose-dependent suppressive effect. These results suggest that Korean BV may be used to achieve an antinociceptive effect for use in medical therapies.

• The Science & Technology
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• v.34 no.1 s.380
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• pp.42-43
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• 2001

조선조 숙종때의 역관 김지남은 화약제조법을 다룬 무기관련책, "신전자초방"을 남겼으며 일본을 다녀와 쓴 개행문 "통문관지"를 펴내기도 했다. 그가 도입한 새 화약 제조법은 재료를 아무데서나 구입할 수 있고 제품을 오래 보관할 수 있으면서도 재료가 적게들어 비용이 절약된다는 장점을 갖고 있었다. 그는 또 1712년 중국에서 파견된 목극등과 함께 백두산에 가서 측량하여 우리나라와 중국의 국경을 확정짓고 '백두산 정계비'를 세우기도 했다.

• The monthly packaging world
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• s.72
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• pp.157-162
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• 1999

• Defense and Technology
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• no.6 s.54
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• pp.17-25
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• 1983