• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.69-76
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) on the alteration of pressure pain threshold of myofascial trigger points. We used fifty nine patients with upper trapezius mayofascial pain syndrome. Participants classified according to each group in conventional TENS(high rate, low intensity) and acupuncture like TENS(low rate, high intensity). The test was measured continuously pre test, post-test by algometer. The following results were obtained; 1. Pressure pain threshold were significantly increased in all groups(p<.001). 2. In comparison between groups, pressure pain threshold were not significantly differenced. These results lead us to the conclusion that each method by TENS were significantly increased pressure pain threshold of upper trapezius trigger points. Therefore, a further direction of this study will be to provide more evidence that TENS method have an effect on pressure pain threshold of myofascial trigger points.

• Proceedings of the KSLP Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.174-175
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• 2003

후두기능의 전기생리학적 특징에 대한 관심은 1940년대부터 시작되어 1950년대와 1960년대에는 유럽 및 일본에서 Faborg-Anderson, Hirano 등이 후두근전도의 임상적 적용에 대해서 보고한바 있으며, 1970년대부터는 미국에서도 Bleir, Miller등이 후두근전도의 임상적 역할에 대해 보고하고 있다 이와 같이 후두근전도가 임상에 도입된 지 오래되었고 신경후두학 분야에서 후두근육의 전기생리상태를 알 수 있는 아주 중요한 진단도구이나 아직까지 후두근전도는 양적인 평가가 가능한 표준화된 검사는 아니고 내시경이나 방사선학적 검사처럼 경험이 있는 의사에 의해 판독되어지는 검사로 음성장애가 있는 모든 환자에서 집단검진(screening test)으로 이용될 수 있는 검사도구는 아니다. 후두근전도가 임상에서 유용하게 이용되고 있는 질환은 성대운동 장애와 연축성 음성장애이다. 최근 성대운동 장애에 대한 다양한 수술방법이 개발되면서 수술 방법 및 시기 결정, 예후측정에 후두근전도의 이용이 필수적이 되었으며 또한 연축성 음성장애 환자에서 어떤 후두 근육에 botulinum toxin을 주사할 지를 결정하는 데 이용하고 있다. 이번 강의에서는 위 두 가지 질환을 중심으로 후두근전도의 임상적 유용성을 살펴보기로 하겠다.

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.16-22
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• 2006

Sporadic inclusion body myositis (s-IBM) is an aquired slowly progressive inflammatory myopathy with unknown etiology. Although light microscopic abnormalities and characteristic histopathology on muscle biopsy distinguishes from other inflammatory myopathies, vacuolated muscle fibers, intracellular amyloid deposits or tubulofilaments in electromicroscopic findings are not definite in some patients. This review shows the prominently involved muscles in s-IBM and specific or nonspecific electrophysiologic manifestations from reported data for helping the diagnosis of definite-or probable-IBM patients. In lower limbs, the quadriceps is predominantly involved, as is iliopsoas, and tibialis anterior is common. In the upper limbs, the greatest weakness is in forearm finger flexors. Finger extensors, biceps and triceps also are moderately to prominently involved. The majority of patients demonstrate polyphasic MUAPs that are short in duration. An additional striking feature is the concomitant documentation of long-duration, large-amplitude, polyphasic MUAPs. In spite of the frequent mixed myopathic-neurogenic electromyographic findings of IBM, just like that of chronic myositis, asymmetric, slowly progressive weakness of flexor digitorum profundus or quadriceps femoris muscles after age of 50 is very necessary condition for the diagnosis of IBM.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.400-409
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• 2000

This study used in vivo intracellular and extracellular field potential recording to evaluate the intrinsic membrane properties and connection pattern within facial nucleus. 1. There were four subdivisions of medial, intermediate, lateral, and dorsolateral in facial nucleus. 2. Principal cells in the facial nucleus was recorded from and filled with neurobiotin in anesthetized rats. The extent of their dendrites and the characteristics of cell body were examined. 3. Principal cells had a large amplitude action potential and afterhyperpolarization was followed a single action potential. 4. The response from facial motonucleus to electrical stimulation of the facial nerve was mainly a monophasic wave, with a latency of 1 msec, which was assumed to reflect antidromic activation of facial motoneurons. In some of rats the response in addition showed late components at a latency of about 7-8 msec, but its amplitude was small. 5 Most of cells exhibited accommodation of spike discharge upon depolarization of membrane by 0.8 nA for 400 ms. Our results support the hypothesis that there normally are weak connections between different parts of the facial motonucleus to explain pathophysiology of hemifacial spasm and facial naive paralysis.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Sensory Integration
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.41-49
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• 2010

Objective : Multisensory integration (MSI) is the essential process to use diverse sensory information for cognitive task or execution of motor action. Especially, visual and somatosensory integration is critical for motor behavior and coordination. This study was designed to explain spatial and temporal characteristics of visual and somatosensory integration by neurophysiological research method that identifies the time course and brain location of the SI process. Methods : Electroencephalography (EEG) and event-related potential (ERP) is used in this study in order to observe neural activities when integrating visual and tactile input. We calculate the linear summation (SUM) of visual-related potentials (VEPs) and somatosensory-related potentials (SEPs), and compared the SUM with simultaneously presented visual-tactile ERPs(SIM) Results : There were significant differences between the SIM and SUM in later time epochs (about 200-300ms) at contralateral somatosensory areas (C4) and occipital cortices (O1&O2). The amplitude of the SIM was mathematically larger than the summed signals, implying that the integration made some extra neural activities. Conclusion : This study provides some empirical neural evidence of that multisensory integration is more powerful than just combing two unisensory inputs in the brain and ERP data reveals neural signature relating to multisensory integrative process. Since this study is preliminary pilot study, larger population and criteria are needed for level of the significance. Further study is recommended to consider issues including effect of internally-driven attention and laterality of interaction to make the evidence by this study solid.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Clinical Electrophysiology
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.1-15
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of neuromuscular electrical stimulation(NMES) on the alteration of spinal motor neuron excitability. In this article, I would like to experiment on a standard capacity of clinical electrophysiology, a difference in applying methods and a clinical efficiency of NMES by Nerve conduction velocity. We used normal eight subjects without neuromuscular disease and all subjects participated 3 session, which at least 1 week between session. Participants classified according to each group in Antagonist, Agonist, Antagonist-Agonist by the NMES. The test was measured continuously pre test, post-test, post 20 minute test by EMG including H reflex, F wave, motor nerve conduction velocity(MNCV). The following results were obtained; 1. H-reflex latencies and H/M intervals were significantly increased in agonist and antagonist-agonist group(p<.01). 2. H-reflex amplitudes and H/M ratios were significantly decreased in agonist and antagonist-agonist group(p<.01). In agonist group, H-reflex amplitudes and H/M ratios were more significantly decreased than antagonist group. 3. F-wave latencies were significantly increased in agonist and antagonist-agonist group(p<.01). F/M intervals were significantly increased in antagonist-agonist group(p<.01). F wave conduction velocities were significantly increased in agonist and antagonist-agonist group(p<.01) but F/M ratios were not significant. 4. MNCV were significantly decreased in agonist(p<.01). These results lead us to the conclusion that agonist and Antagonist-agonist was significantly decreased excitability of spinal motor neuron. Conversely, Antagonist does not decreased. Therefore, A further direction of this study will be to provide more evidence that NMES have an effect on excitability of spinal motor neurons in UMN syndrome.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.63-73
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• 2016

It is widely acknowledged that the human auditory system is organized tonotopically and people generally listen to sounds as a function of frequency distribution through the auditory system. However, it is still unclear how acoustic features of speech sounds are indicated to the human brain in terms of speech perception. Thus, the purpose of this study is to investigate whether two sounds with similar high-frequency characteristics in the acoustic analysis show similar results at the level of auditory brainstem. Thirty three young adults with normal hearing participated in the study. As stimuli, two Korean monosyllables (i.e., /ja/ and /cha/) and four frequencies of toneburst (i.e., 500, 1000, 2000, and 4000 Hz) were used to elicit the auditory brainstem response (ABR). Measures of monosyllable and toneburst were highly replicable and the wave V of waveform was detectable in all subjects. In the results of Pearson correlation analysis, the /ja/ syllable had a high correlation with 4000 Hz of toneburst which means that its acoustic characteristics (i.e., 3671~5384 Hz) showed the same results in the brainstem. However, the /cha/ syllable had a high correlation with 1000 and 2000 Hz of toneburst although it has acoustical distribution of 3362~5412 Hz. We concluded that there was disagreement between acoustic features and physiology outcomes at the auditory brainstem level. This finding suggests that an acoustical-perceptual mapping study is needed to scrutinize human speech perception.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2021.07a
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• pp.701-702
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• 2021

The purpose of the study was to identify fiber changes induced by electrical stimulation of a certain neural substrate in the rat brain. In the stimulation group, the peripheral nerve was injured and the brain area associated to inhibit sensory information was electrically stimulated. There were sham and sham stimulation groups as controls. Then high-field diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) was acquired. 35 features were taken from the DTI measures from 7 different brain pathways. To compare the efficacy of the classification for 3 animal groups, the linear regression analysis (LDA) and the machine learning technique (MLP) were applied. It was found that the testing accuracy by MLP was about 77%, but that of accuracy by LDA was much higher than MLP. In conclusion, machine learning algorithm could be used to identify and predict the changes of the brain white matter in some situations. The limits of this study will be discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems
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• v.14 no.5
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• pp.610-616
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• 2004

In the research of biomechanical engineering, robotics and neurophysiology, to clarify the mechanism of human bipedal walking is of major interest. It serves as a basis of developing several applications such as rehabilitation tools and humanoid robots. Nevertheless, because of complexity of the neuronal system that interacts with the body dynamics system to make walking movements, much is left unknown about the details of locomotion mechanism. Researchers were looking for the optimal model of the neuronal system by trials and errors. In this paper, we applied Genetic Programming to induce the model of the nervous system automatically and showed its effectiveness by simulating a human bipedal walking with the obtained model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.509-515
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• 1999

신체를 구성하는 여러 가지 요소 중에서 인간이 일상생활을 하는 데에는 신진대사를 일정하게 유지하기 위한 인체내의 여러 가지 전달물질들이 그 구성에 맞게 역할을 수행하여야 한다. 그러나, 만약 그 구성 비율이 바뀔 때에는 인체 내에 이상이 발생하게 된다. 그 대표적인 예로는 운동을 심하게 하였을 경우 갈증과 근육의 피로감이 몰려오게 되는데 이는 세포내의 이온농도의 변화에 의한 것이며 이때 물, 스포츠 이온 음료 등을 섭취한다. 순간적으로 그 증상이 회복되지는 않지만 신경계 내에서 회복하는데 에는 많은 시간이 소요된다. 생리학, 임상적으로 나트륨과 물은 신진대사에 밀접한 연관이 있다. 인체의 나트륨은 음식물의 섭취량과 나트륨의 생리작용사이의 균형에 좌우된다. 건강한 상태에서 나트륨의 생리적인 손실은 무시할 만 하며 나트륨 생리작용은 음식물의 섭취량과 밀접한 관련이 있다. 칼륨은 단지 전체 신경계 용질의 일부이기 때문에 이것은 세포의 체적과 세포 용질의 삼투현상을 결정하는 주요한 것이다. 더욱더 칼륨은 신진대사 과정의 많은 중요한 변수가 되며, 세포밖의 칼륨은 전체중에 매우 작은 일부이긴 하지만 신경근육 작용에 매우 큰 영향을 준다. 세포안과 밖의 칼륨의 농도 비율은 흥분성 조직내의 막 전위의 주요한 결정요소가 된다. 본연구에서는 세포막 설계 후 시뮬레이션을 통한 정상상태의 세포막 전위의 활동전위 전달 특성과 Na, K의 이온 농도를 변화시킬 경우의 세포막 전위의 활동저위 전달 특성곡선을 비교 관찰하여 운동 생리학적인 신경세포내의 전달특성 메카니즘을 이해, 분석하였다.서의 속도를 최소한으로 줄이면서 스케줄링에 의해 시간 문제를 해결하는 방법을 제시하도록 한다. 이는 기초과학 수준이 높은 북방권 국가들의 과학자들이 주로 활용되고 있다는 점에서도 잘 알 수 있으며 우리의 과학기술 약점을 보완하는 원천으로써 외국인 연구 인력이 대안이 되고 있음을 시사한다. 본 연구에서는 한국 연구 조직에서 일하는 외국인 연구자들의 동기 및 성과에 영향을 미치는 많은 요인들을 확인할 수 있었다. 상관관계, 분산분석, 회귀분석 등을 통해 활용 성과에 미치는 영향 요인들을 도출하였다. 설문 분석을 통하여 동기 및 성과 사이에는 강한 상관관계가 존재하는 것을 확인할 수 있었으며 이는 전통적인 동기 이론들과 부합한다. 대부분의 변수가 동기 및 성과에 동시에 영향을 미치는 것으로 조사되었으며 그중에서도 조직 협력 문화, 외국인 연구자의 의사소통 및 협력성, 외국인 연구자의 연구 능력 관련 변수들 및 연구 프로젝트의 기술수명주기, 외국인 연구자의 기존 기술지식의 흡수 등이 가장 중요한 변수로 나타났다. 이는 우리가 주로 중국 및 러시아 과학자들을 활용하여 상업화하는 외국인 연구인력 활용 패턴과도 일치하는 결과이다. 즉 우호적인 조직문화를 가지고 있는 연구 조직에서, 이미 과학기술 지식을 많이 가지고 있고 연구 능력도 높은 외국인 과학기술자를, 한국에서 기술이 태동 또는 성장하고 있는 연구 분야에서 활용하는 것이 가장 성과가 좋다는 사실을 확인시켜 주고 있다. 국내에서 최초로 수행된 본 연구는 외국인 연구 인력의 활용 성과가 매우 높으며, 우리의 과학기술혁신시스템을 보완하는