• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.408-408
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• 2017

기후변화에 따른 극한 기후의 시 공간적 변동성과 패턴의 이상변화가 가속화되고 있으며, 이에 따른 물 순환 특성의 변화는 이수, 치수, 환경 그리고 친수 등 다양한 분야에서도 예측할 수 없는 결과를 초래하고 있다. 특히, 치수 및 이수 등 국내 수자원 관리의 대부분을 담당하고 있는 다목적댐 운영에서도 기후변화에 따른 유입량의 불확실성 증가로 안정적인 용수공급에 대한 어려움이 점차 증가하고 있는 추세이다. 유역 내의 수문학적 반응은 기상 및 지표 수문 인자의 물리적 상호메카니즘에 의해 발생하게 된다. 특히, 강우, 기온, 습도, 바람 등 기상학적 인자들은 유역 내의 수문 변동성에 직 간접적으로 영향을 주는 대표적인 인자이며, 이들 기상인자의 변동 특성을 반영하기 위한 기후지수(Climate Index, CI)는 지표수문인자인 유출과의 상관관계 분석에 유용하게 활용될 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 낙동강 유역 다목적댐을 대상으로 AR5 RCP 시나리오 기반의 기상인자에 대한 기후지수(CI)를 산정하고 다목적댐 유입량과의 상관성을 분석하였다. 대상유역의 기상 및 유입량 관측자료(1976-2005)는 기상청과 국가수자원관리종합정보시스템(WAMIS)를 이용하였으며, AR5 RCP 시나리오 기반의 유입량 자료(2005-2099)는 통계적 기법(QDM)으로 상세화된 기상자료를 입력인자로 수문모형(PRMS)을 통해 산정하였다. 또한, 기후지수(CI)와 유출지수(Standardized Streamflow Index, SSI)의 상관성 분석을 위해 Pearson 적률상관 분석방법을 적용하였으며, 통계적 유의성 검증은 Student t 검정방법을 적용하였다. 본 연구의 방법론과 결과는 기후변화에 따른 다목적댐 안정적인 용수공급을 위한 다양한 기술개발 시 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.29-37
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• 2011

The purpose of this research is to measure Quality of Life indices using Factor Analysis and Principle Component Analysis and to analyze the spatial patterns of Quality of life distribution in the Seoul Metropolitan Area in terms of spatial association using spatial statistics and spatial exploratory technique. In order to check the degree of clustering, this study used spatial autocorrelation indices, global Moran's I index. In addition, local scale analysis was conducted using Moran Scatterplot and Local Moran's I to identify the spatial association pattern and the high Quality of life. The analysis based on global statics showed that, in the Seoul Metropolitan Area, QoL Indices had been distributed with positive spatial association. According to the local spatial statistics, the general tendency of clustering H-H clusters which were mainly concentrated on the Seoul, L-H clusters were concentrated on the Kyunggi-Do and L-L Clusters showed the regional extent of lagging behind. However, in case of H-H, L-H Clusters they had been spread out in the Newtown as population increase.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.303-319
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• 2013

The purpose of this paper in the case of elementary and middle schools in Hwaseong city is that clarify spatial structure by seasonal changes of supply region of school meal foods and changes in food mileage. This paper used account registers of school meal foods of the subject schools as data for this analysis. And this paper analyzed data in March, June, September, and December in order to understand seasonal changes of school meal foods. The spatial structure of school meal foods in elementary and middle schools in Hwaseong city take four with private contracts, limited competition, and bidding quotation by suppliers. With the crops in Hwaseong city, they consist of eco-friendly vegetables in Gyeonggi-do, domestic eco-friendly vegetables and fruits, general vegetables and fruits, and imported processed foods and agricultural products. In case of food mileage, around Hwaseong city, there are spatial structure with about 17 $ton{\cdot}km$, 26 $ton{\cdot}km$, and 11,000 $ton{\cdot}km$ respectively. The spatial structure of school meal foods supplies was determined by difference in feed rate of crops, eco-friendly agricultural products, imported processed foods, and imported agricultural products.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2021.06a
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• pp.9-9
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• 2021

기후변화의 영향으로 과거에 경험하지 못한 이상강우 발생 증가로 댐 및 수자원 관리에 어려움이 증대되고 있다. 특히, 강우의 시·공간적 변동성 심화로 기존 지상강우계만으로는 정확한 유역 단위의 강우량 추정이 어려우며 관측강우자료의 불확실성은 댐 운영의 부정확성을 야기할 수 있다. 최근 지상강우계의 대안으로 시·공간 해상도가 우수한 강우레이더의 활용 및 현업적용이 증대되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 안정적인 수력댐 운영 및 수재해 예방을 위해 고해상도 강우레이더와 지상관측 강우자료를 활용하여 수력댐 유역의 강우추정 정확도를 개선하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 환경부 합성레이더 강우자료와 지상강우관측자료를 이용하여 조건부 합성기법으로 격자강우자료의 정확도를 개선하였다. 대상 유역은 한국수력원자력(주)의 수력발전용댐(팔당, 의암, 춘천, 화천, 청평, 도암, 괴산, 섬진강, 보성강댐) 이다. 특히, 레이더 오차 분석을 통해 지형효과의 고려가 필요한 수력댐 유역을 선정하여 고도영향 조건부합성기법을 적용하도록 하였다. 이를 통해 수력댐 유역의 지형 및 기상 특성을 차별화한 보정이 가능하였다. 또한, 소유역별 레이더 유역평균강우의 오차를 실시간으로 저감하기 위해 화음탐색법과 칼만필터 기법을 적용하여 수력댐 수계 내 172개 소유역의 유역평균강우량을 실시간으로 최적화 할 수 있도록 하였다. 본 연구를 통해 개발된 수력댐 유역의 고해상도 강우 정보를 기반으로 GIS 웹 표출 시스템에 개발하여 수력댐 운영 업무활용 할 수 있도록 지원하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.599-614
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• 2016

Urban centers have been recognized as problem regions so far. However, urban centers of metropolises take a new aspect in recent years as much as the negative influence of gentrification becomes a social issue. This paper analyzes the declining trend of urban centers in six metropolises - Seoul, Busan, Daegu, Incheon, Gwangju and Daejun from 1995 to 2010. As results of analysis, it is identified that the urban centers' shrinkage got moderated recently in the metropolises, even though their resurgence is not evident. Especially it is difficult to say longer that Jongro-Gu and Jung-Gu of Seoul are declining urban centers. Easing shrinkage is most outstanding in Jung-Gu, Daegu among local metropolises. Nevertheless, a serious obstacle such as high price of housing is in the process of obvious resurgence of urban center differently from the United States, Europe and Japan.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.147-159
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• 2014

Public transportation ridership and walkability of urban district can be enhanced through high quality of TOD(Transit Oriented Development) elements. Generally, TOD have been evaluated several physical components such as the diversity of land use pattern, accessibility of public transportation and aspects of urban design around the station area. Especially, Spatial characteristics of TOD planning elements have many potential dependent when considering the characteristics of Rail Station-Influenced Area Development which is performing around subway station. Therefore, researchers should be considering the variation of spatial properties for planning elements according the set of spatial area and their socioeconomic factors. However, existing many cases related TOD does not consider about this point. In this paper, the changes of TOD characteristics were analyzed by different spatial units surrounding subway station in Busan Metropolitan City. Multiple Regression Analysis was performed for an investigation of effective spatial unit of TOD planning elements in this area using subway ridership data. In addition, the application validity of socioeconomic variables was examined through a comparative analysis of regression results with the multiple regression that implied only physical TOD elements. As the result, the variation of spatial properties for TOD planning elements according to the set of spatial unit was found. Furthermore, the specific spatial unit to applicable TOD elements in this area was derived. And the multiple regression model which added socioeconomic variables was derived more improved estimate results than the multiple regression model that implied only physical TOD elements.

• Journal of Korean Society for Geospatial Information Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.77-84
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• 2015

The key objective of this research is to review the effectiveness of spatial regression to identify the influencing factors of spatial distribution patterns of floating population. To this end, global and local spatial autocorrelation test were performed using seoul floating population survey(2014) data. The result of Moran's I and Getis-Ord $Gi^*$ as used in the analysis derived spatial heterogeneity and spatial similarities of floating population patterns in a statistically significant range. Accordingly, Geographically Weighted Regression was applied to identify the relationship between land use attributes and population floating. Urbanization area, green tract of land of micro land cover data were aggregated in to $400m{\times}400m$ grid boundary of Seoul. Additionally public transportation variables such as intersection density transit accessibility, road density and pedestrian passage density were adopted as transit environmental factors. As a result, the GWR model derived more improved results than Ordinary Least Square(OLS) regression model. Furthermore, the spatial variation of applied local effect of independent variables for the floating population distributions.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.477-493
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• 2020

This study conducted a seasonal survey to analyze the spatio-temporal variations of marine environments and phytoplankton community in Gochang Coastal Waters (GCW) from August 2016 to April 2017. In the results, the water temperature ranged from 2.1℃ to 34.5℃, showing a large seasonal variation, but the salinity changed from 31.14 psu to 32.64 psu. Therefore, the seasonal variations of water types in GCW were mainly determined by water temperature. The phytoplankton community consisted of 53 genera and 86 species, showing a relatively simple distribution. The phytoplankton cell density ranged from 2.2 to 689.2 cells mL^-1, with an average of 577.2 cells mL^-1, which was low in autumn and high in winter. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton dominant species was mainly diatoms during the whole year, Leptocylindrus danicus, Chaetoceros curvisetus, Skeletonema costatum-ls in summer, Paralia sulcata, Eucampia zodiacus in autumn, S. costatum-ls, Thalassiosira nordenskioeldii in winter, and S. costatum-ls, Asterionella glacialis in spring. In other words, the phytoplankton community showed high diversity in GCW throughout the year. According to the PCA, GCW were easily heated and cooled by radiant energy at lower depth, and the seasonal distributions of phytoplankton were determined by the supply of nutrients by re-fuelling of surface sediments due to the seawater mixing such as tidal mixing.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.175-195
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• 2003

This paper investigates spatial distribution of the knowledge-information occupations by utilizing Geographical Information System(GIS). The knowledge-information occupations, comprised mainly of professionals, engineers and managers, have played a key role in the knowledge-based information society. The uneven development of bureaucratization and informatization among regions have resulted in unequal spatial distribution of the knowledge-information occupations. Analysis of 1995 and 2000 Census shows that these occupations tend to concentrate in some major metropolitan areas, while the other areas show rather traditional occupational structure. This spatial unequality has been also found in the occupational distribution within Seoul. This tendency of spatial concentration in the occupational distribution inherited from the industrial society and is not going to diminish in the knowledge-information society. More aggressive policies to make the most of decentralizing impacts of information and communication technologies should be implemented to counter-balance this tendency.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.430-430
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 유역모델링 시 오염원 산정의 공간적 범위를 합리적으로 고려하기 위해서, 유역모델링을 위한 소유역 구분간의 공간해상도를 유역의 오염부하량 산정을 위한 공간단위 수준으로 설정하여 새만금호 유역수질모델링을 실시하였다. 모형 구축은 HSPF (Hydrological Simulation Program - Fortran)를 이용하였으며, 오염부하량 산정단위인 리 동의 행정경계, 수치표고모델(DEM), 농경지 배수로 등 구조물들을 고려하여 새만금 유역을 대상으로 804개의 소유역을 구분 적용하였다. 소유역 세분화에 따른 계산량을 고려하여 효과적인 모델 구동을 위해 만경유역 7개, 동진유역 7개, 연안유역 3개 (총 17개)의 서브모델로 모의시스템을 구성하여 상류에서 하류로 서브모델을 순차적으로 보 검정 및 모의하도록 구현하였다. 유량 보 검정은 14개소 수문측정자료(2009~2013)와 자동보정기법을 적용하여 수행하였다. 유량보 검정결과 NSE (Nash-Sutcliffe coefficient)가 0.66~0.97, PBIAS가 -31~16.5%, $R^2$는 0.75~0.98의 범위를 보여 모형의 적용성을 확인할 수 있었다. 한편, 수질 보 검정의 경우 29개소 수질측점을 대상으로 온도, DO, BOD, TN, TP의 항목에 대해 유량보정과 같은 기간에 대해 수동보정을 실시하였다. 수질결과는 일부 상류유역에서 갈수기시 모의값이 다소 불안정한 부분이 발견되나 대체로 각 측점의 수질에 대한 시간적 변동 패턴과 평균적 수질은 합리적으로 모의하는 것으로 나타났다. 공간세분화에 따른 모델링결과를 선행연구들과 비교한 결과, 유량부문에서 우수성을 보였으나 수질부문은 비슷한 수준으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 향후 유역 오염원, 수자원 운영 등에 관한 정밀 자료 확보 시 이를 고려하는 고도화된 수문 수질 모델링 개발 및 구축에 적용될 수 있는 시스템으로 활용성이 높을 것으로 판단된다.