• Title/Summary/Keyword: 시추공 자료

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GIS spatial D/B formation of geothermal data and Distribution of Heat Flow of Korea (한국의 지열자료 GIS 공간 D/B 구축과 지열류량 분포)

  • Kim, Hyoung-Chan;Lee, Young-Min;Park, Jeong-Min
    • 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.459-460
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    • 2006
  • 현재 남한의 지열류량 측정값으로는 총 363개 지점의 자료가 측정 및 수집되어 있다. 이것은 Mizutani et at. (1970), 장정진 외(1970), 그리고 서정희(1976) 등의 자료, 총 35개의 자료도 추가된 것이다. 1989년 이후부터 측정된 지열류량 자료는 217개 자료이며(임정웅 외, 1989; 임정웅 외, 1996; Lim and Kim, 1997; 염병우 외, 1997), 모두 직접 측정한 것이나, 1989년 이후 보고된 지열류량 자료에 약간의 오류가 있어 이번 연구에서 수정 보완하였다. 또한 과거의 자료 35개 자료는 이미 지열류량 측정치가 논문화 되어 있는 것으로 암석시료는 없다 1989년 이후 2004년까지 자료 217개 2005년도 추가 자료 111개의 지열류량 자료는 암석시료도 있으며, 측정기기가 서로 달라 오차가 있을 수 있어 서로 보정을 해야 할 필요가 있어 시추공 주변 암석을 새로 수집해서 신장비로 다시 측정 보정하였다. 지열류량 D/B 구축은 각 자료의 일련번호, 고유번호 (Sn.), 위경도 좌표 (longitude, lattitude), 암석의 열전도도(thermal conductivity), 지온경사 (thermal gradient), 지열류량 (heat flow)등으로 구성되어 있다. 지열류량 자료 공간 데이터베이스는 점 속성을 가지며 자료형태는 각종 소프트웨어와 호환성이 좋은 shape 파일 형태로 작성하였다. 또만 최근 천부 토양 및 암석 열물성을 이용한 냉난방시스템 즉, Heat Pump System 설계를 위하여 반드시 들어가야 하는 요소인 열확산율, 공극율, 밀도, 비열 등 열물성 특성을 추가하여 GIS 공간 D/B구축하였다. 대륙붕 자료 4개 자료를 제외하고 359개의 지열류량 자료를 이용하여 한반도 남부, 즉 남한의 지열류량 분포도를 작성 분석해 본 결과(그림 1), 우리나라의 지열류량 이상대는 아산만 주변, 보령, 유성, 진안, 울진, 포항, 부산 지역과 포천, 속초, 충주, 수안보 등 지역에서 나타난다 이러한 이상대 주변에는 대개 온천이 발달되어 있었거나 새로 개발되어 있는 곳이다. 온천에 이용하고 있는 시추공의 자료는 배제하였으나 온천이응으로 직접적으로 영향을 받지 않은 시추공의 자료는 사용하였다 이러한 온천 주변 지역이라 하더라도 실제는 온천의 pumping 으로 인한 대류현상으로 주변 일대의 온도를 올려놓았기 때문에 비교적 높은 지열류량 값을 보인다. 한편 한반도 남동부 일대는 이번 추가된 자료에 의해 새로운 지열류량 분포 변화가 나타났다 강원 북부 오색온천지역 부근에서 높은 지열류량 분포를 보이며 또한 우리나라 대단층 중의 하나인 양산단층과 같은 방향으로 발달한 밀양단층, 모량단층, 동래단층 등 주변부로 NNE-SSW 방향의 지열류량 이상대가 발달한다. 이것으로 볼 때 지열류량은 지질구조와 무관하지 않음을 파악할 수 있다. 특히 이러한 단층대 주변은 지열수의 순환이 깊은 심도까지 가능하므로 이러한 대류현상으로 지표부근까지 높은 지온 전달이 되어 나타나는 것으로 판단된다.

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Prediction of Reservoir Properties Using Extended Elastic Impedance Inversion (확장 탄성 임피던스 역산을 이용한 저류층 물성 예측)

  • Kim, Hyeonju;Lee, Gwang H.;Moon, Seonghoon
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.48 no.2
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    • pp.115-130
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    • 2015
  • Extended elastic impedance (EEI) is an extension of elastic impedance (EI) which is a generalization of acoustic impedance (AI) for nonzero angles of incidence and can be tuned to be proportional to reservoir properties. In this study, we evaluated EEI inversion by estimating the P-($V_p$) and S-wave velocities ($V_s$), P-wave to S-wave velocity ratio ($V_p/V_s$), and Poisson's ratio of the Second Wall Creek Sand of the Teapot Dome field, Wyoming, USA. We also applied the EEI inversion technique to estimate porosity, gamma-ray values, and density of the Second Wall Creek Sand. Data used in the study include 3-D pre-stack seismic data from the southern part of the field and four wells, selected from a large well database. The $V_s$ logs at the wells were constructed from the $V_p$ logs using the empirical relationships. The percent prediction errors for the four velocity properties are less than about 5% except for Poisson's ratio at one well, supporting that the EEI inversion can be used in the prediction of rock properties. However, the results from the EEI inversion analysis of porosity, gamma-ray values, and density at the wells were unsatisfactory and thus these properties, which are not directly computed from velocities, may not be suitable for EEI inversion.

Principles and application of DC resistivity tomography and borehole radar survey. (전기비저항 토모그래피와 시추공 레이다 탐사의 원리 및 응용)

  • Kim Jung-Ho;Yi Myeong-Jong;Cho Seong-Jun;Song Yoon-Ho;Chung Seung-Hwan
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 1999.08a
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    • pp.92-116
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    • 1999
  • Tomographic approaches to image underground structure using electrical properties, can be divided into DC resistivity, electromagnetic, and radar tomography, based on the operating frequency. DC resistivity and radar tomography methods have been recently applied to site investigation for engineering purpose in Korea. This paper review these two tomography methods, through the case histories acquired in Korea. As another method of borehole radar survey, borehole radar reflection method is included, and its inherent problem and solution are discussed, how to find the azimuth angle of reflector using direction-finding-antenna. Since the velocity anisotropy of radar wave has been commonly encountered in field data, anisotropic radar tomography is discussed in this paper. In DC resistivity tomography, two subjects are focussed, electrode arrays, and borehole effect owing to the conductive fluid in borehole. Using the numerical modeling data, various kinds of electrode ways are compared, and borehole effect is illustrated. Most of the case histories presented in this paper are compared with known geology, core logging data, and/or Televiewer images.

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Relationship between lithology and rock physical property using borehole prospecting (시추공 물리탐사를 통한 지반물성과 암상과의 상관성 분석)

  • 송무영;김환석;박종오
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.12 no.2
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    • pp.127-135
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    • 2002
  • The relationship between the seismic velocity and RQD was estimated using the RQD data obtained from the optical borehole image processing and drill core logs and the seismic velocity measured from the PS logging. The seismic velocity and crack aperture show a high correlation in the granite in Yuseong area and banded gneiss in Paldang area. However, such a relationship cannot be found in the sedimentary rock in Sabuk area. In the sedimentary rock of Sabbuk area, the seismic velocity shows widespread distribution especially in the 0∼20mm range of accumulated crack aperture probably because the wide distribution of fracture zone in coaly shale results in the inaccurate measurements of the crack aperture.

Field Application of 3D seismic travel-time tomography (3차원 탄성파 지대공 토모그래피 현장 적용)

  • Moon, Yun-Seop;Ha, Hee-Sang;Lim, Harry;Ko, Kwang-Beom
    • 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2006.06a
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    • pp.233-237
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    • 2006
  • 3D travel time tomography was conducted to characterize the subsuface structure in the valley area. In this study, an area($200m{\times}200m$), where borehole informations were available to aid in the interpretation, was covered with wide source/receiver coverage. In data acquisition, both hole to hole and reverse VSP array was employed. For the inversion, 3D seismic traveltime tomography algorithm based on Fresnel volume was implemented. When compared 3D velocity cube with the geological survey and drilling logs, both results were matched well. From this, we concluded that 3D seismic travel time tomography has enough potential to the field application.

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The Development of Straddle Packer Hydraulic Testing Equipment to Characterize Permeability in Deep Boreholes (장심도 시추공 정밀수리시험 장비 구축)

  • Kim, Kyung-Su;Park, Kyung-Woo;Ji, Sung-Hoon
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.20 no.2
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    • pp.213-220
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    • 2010
  • The permeability characterization on the natural barrier for deep geological disposal of radioactive waste is very critical to evaluate total safety and performance assessment of disposal site. However, the confidence level in using previous hydraulic testing equipments consist of simple components to estimate rock mass permeability is not high enough to reflect in situ condition. The purpose of this research is to establish an advanced hydraulic testing equipment, which is applicable to deep borehole (up to 1,000 m), through the improvement of technical problems of previous packer systems. Especially, the straddle packer hydraulic testing equipment was designed to adopt both the hydraulic downhole shut-in valve(H-DHSIV) to minimize the wellbore storage effect and the real time data acquisition system to measure the pressure changes of test interval including its upper and lower parts. The results from this research lead to not only improve current technical level in the field of hydraulic testing but also provide important information to radioactive waste disposal technology development and site characterization project.

Test Application of Electrical Conductivity Measurement in Borehole for Determining Aquifer Properties (대수층의 수리특성 연구를 위한 시추공 전기전도도 측정기법의 현장 시험 적용)

  • Kim Yeong-Hwa;Kim Ji-Hoon;Hong Jeong-Pyo
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.1-8
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    • 2005
  • As a trial to find an efficient technique for determining hydraulic conductivity, a test application of electrical conductivity measurement technique was made using a signal conditioning data acquisition system in borehole. The experiment was made in two test boreholes BM-2 and BM-3 which are located in the Experiment forests of Kangwon National University in Bongmyongri, Chunchon. We obtained series of electric conductivity variation curves after the beginning and completion of saline water injection using these two bore-holes as the pumping well and the observing well alternatively, The analysis of time series electrical conductivity data suggests kinds of valuable information about aquifer properties by holes and depths, and we could confirm the potential of this method as an efficient tool for in situ aquifer test.

A Study on Tomographic Inversion of Crosshole Seismic Traveltimes in Transversely Isotropic Layers (횡적등방성 지층의 시추공 간 탄성파 주시 자료의 토모그래피 역산 연구)

  • 장성형;양승진;황세호;김중열
    • The Journal of Engineering Geology
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    • v.3 no.3
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    • pp.231-239
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    • 1993
  • This paper presents a result on the determination of velocity distribution by a tomographic inversion of crosshole seismic traveltimes in transversely isotropic(aniso tropic) media. The crosshole traveltimes used in this study are synthetic ones computed by ray tracing for some models having isotropic and transversely isotropic velocity distributions. The traveltimes are inverted by a general ART and ansotropic ART which considers the transversely isotropic effect during inver sion. The aniotropic ART gives accurate velodty distributions of transversely isotropic and isotropic models, while the isotropic ART determines accurate velocities only for the isotropic model but inaccurate for the transversely isotropic one. Therefore, the anisotropic ART may be used in case where no information is known on the isotropy or transverse isotropy of a survey area.

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