• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.6-14
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• 2007

The purpose of urodynamic investigation is to determine information on the function of the urinary system. One of the most frequently used measurement procedures in urodynamics is filling and voiding cystometry using invasive method. But in this method transurethral catheter is use and it makes patients uncomfortable. The aim of this study was to implement the system that could evaluate the function of urinary tract with noninvasive and comfortable method. Therefor in this study, a sensor and measuring system were implemented to measure uroflow, urophonography and noninvasive bladder pressure signal during urination for diagnosing the LUTS(lower urinary tract symptoms) using noninvasive method. The implemented system compose of the sensor parts, signal conditioning parts, system control parts using FPGA and PC monitoring program. For the evaluation of the implemented system, the simulation of system's control part was performed and the model system for the lower urinary system was designed. From the evaluation of the model system, the mean error rate of the uroflow measurement part was 1.08% and coefficient of variation was 1,48. And the mean error rate of the noninvasive bladder pressure measurement part was 2.41% and coefficient of variation was 2.81. urophongraphy signal analysis was accomplished in a time domain and frequency domain. Average RMS power was used in a time domain analysis, and MF was used in a frequency domain analysis. From the evaluation of the model system average RMS power and MF was dependent on the occlusion degree significantly and median frequency range of $60{\sim}160Hz$ was correlated with the occlusion.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.51-60
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• 2014

In this study, ICT medical service provider's level of knowledge fire fighting safety and methods on coping with fires in the regions of Gwangju and Jeonam Province of Korea were investigated to determine the elements affecting such levels and provide basic information on the manuals for educating how to cope with the fire fighting safety in medical facilities. The data were analyzed using SPSS Win 14.0. The scores of level of knowledge fire fighting safety of ICT medical service provider's were 7.06(10 point scale), and the scores of level of recognizing how to cope with fire fighting safety were 6.61(11 point scale). level of recognizing how to cope with fire fighting safety were significantly different according to gender(t=4.12, p<.001), age(${\chi}^2$=17.24, p<.001), length of career(${\chi}^2$=22.76, p<.001), experience with fire fighting safety education(t=6.10, p<.001), level of subjective knowledge on fire fighting safety(${\chi}^2$=53.83, p<.001). In order to enhance the level of understanding of fire fighting safety and methods of coping by the ICT medical service providers it is found that: self-directed learning through avoiding the education just conveying knowledge by lecture tailored learning for individuals fire fighting education focused on experiencing actual work by developing various contents emphasizing cooperative learning deploying patients by classification systems using simulations and a study on the implementation of digital anti-fire monitoring system with multipoint communication protocol, a design and development of the smoke detection system using infra-red laser for fire detection in the wide space, video based fire detection algorithm using gaussian mixture mode developing an education manual for coping with fire fighting safety through multi learning approach at the medical facilities are required.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.117-125
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• 2013

A probabilistic exposure assessment was performed on the monitoring data of pesticides were assessed in agricultural products in Gyeonggi-do from 2006 to 2010. Chlorothalonil, chlorpyrifos, dicofol, endosulfan, EPN, ethoprophos, fenitrothion, methidathion, phenthoate and tebupirimfos were assessed. For this assessment, we used Monte Carlo simulation software and the distribution of concentration and intake were assumed to lognormal distribution by inputting mean and standard deviation. The hazard index (HI, %ADI) of average value and the $95^{th}$ percentile based on a probabilistic method were usually lower than those by a deterministic one. For the whole population, when non-detects data were assigned 0 mg/kg, HI of the average value and the $95^{th}$ percentile showed 0.05~0.70% and 0.11~1.94%, respectively. When nondetects data were assigned 0.005 mg/kg, HI of the average value and the $95^{th}$ percentile were 0.41~4.42% and 0.98~13.81%. For only consumers, when non-detects data were assigned 0 mg/kg, HI of the average value and the $95^{th}$ percentile were 1.24~10.16% and 3.72~33.81%, respectively. When non-detects data were assigned 0.005 mg/kg, HI of the average value and the $95^{th}$ percentile were 3.43~18.26% and 9.45~54.99%, respectively. Methidathion had highest values when both of 0 and 0.005 were assigned to non-detecs data for consumers only. This study showed that agricultural products in Gyeonggi-do were safe because they had less than 100 of HI (%ADI) based on probabilistic exposure assessment.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.28-36
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• 2018

Studies on suspected endocrine disrupting pesticide (EDP) residues in agricultural products were carried out in 2016 in Busan, Korea. Twelve different EDPs, ranging in concentration between 0.003-2.049 mg/kg, were detected in 19.5% of 462 samples. About 0.2% of agricultural product samples exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs). Risk indices of all of the EDPs were less than 10% of the acceptable daily intake (ADI). The outcomes indicated that the risk groups at highest risk of exposure to diazinon (found in Korean cabbages) and carbendazim (found in apples) were females aged 40 to 49 and young males less than 10 years old, respectively. Based on the stochastic assessment at $95^{th}$ percentile (P95), risk index in these risk groups accounted for 8.38 and 2.98% of ADIs. The results showed that the occurrence of EDP residues in agricultural products could not be considered a public health problem.