• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.47-70
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to confirm one of constructivists' assumptions that even children 조o are with low reasoning ability can make reflective abstracting ability and cognitive structures by this ability can make generation ability of new knowledge by themselves. To investigate the assumption, learner-centered instruction were implemented to 2nd grade classroom located in Suseong Gu, DaeGu City and with lesson plans which initially were developed by Burns and corrected by the researchers. Recordings videoed using 2 video cameras, observations, instructions, children's activity worksheets, instruction journals were analyzed using multiple tests for qualitative analysis. Some conclusions are drawn from the results. First, even children with low reasoning ability can construct mathematical knowledge on multiplication in their own. ways, Thus, teachers should not compel them to learn a learning lesson's goals which is demanded in traditional instruction, with having belief they have reasoning ability. Second, teachers need to have the perspectives of respects out of each child in their classroom and provide some materials which can provoke children's cognitive conflict and promote thinking with the recognition of effectiveness of learner-centered instruction. Third, students try to develop their ability of reflective and therefore establish cognitive structures such as webs, not isolated and fragmental ones.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.67-77
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• 2022

Objective: This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an individually tailored program based on self-measurement of blood glucose on health behavior and HbA1c in diabetes and pre-diabetes patients. Methods: The program consisted of seven sessions for 12 weeks which were carried out every two weeks. Almost all sessions were progressed on untact method except for the first and last session. The 71 subjects were assessed for their knowledge of diabetes, health behavior, the experience of self-measurement of blood glucose, body mass Index (BMI) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) at before and after the program. They were also evaluated on their degree of utilization of blood glucose measurements after the program. Results: Each mean score on their knowledge of diabetes, health behavior and the experience of self-measurement of blood glucose was significantly increased from 14.77, 25.50, and 2.70 to 15.41, 28.40, and 4.81, respectively. Each mean score on both BMI and HbA1c (n=53) was significantly decreased from 24.47kg/m² and 7.27% to 24.01kg/m² and 6.67%, respectively. The post-HbA1c had a significant negative correlation(r=-0.415) with the degree of utilization of blood glucose measurements. The degree of utilization of blood glucose measurements had a significant positive correlation(r=0.581) with post-health behavior. Conclusions: The program shows effectiveness in improving HbA1c in Type 2 diabetes and pre-diabetes patients. The post-HbA1c might be related to the degree of utilization of blood glucose measurements which might be related to the health behavior.

• Korean Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.166-175
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• 2017

Objectives: Shiftwork is known to be one of the common causes of sleep and health problems and finally causes the decreased quality of life. The purpose of this study was to investigate the sleep patterns of shift-working and daytime psychiatric nurses using actigraphy and compare it with subjective assessment for sleep. Methods : Twenty-three shift-working and 25 daytime nurses were enrolled. They rated their sleep quality using Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index(PSQI) and other self-rating scales were measured for psychosocial aspects. Actigraphy was applied to the subjects for a total of 7 days to measure the sleep parameters. They also wrote sleep diaries during the period of wearing actigraphy. Sleep-related parameters of actigraphy, global score and components of PSQI, and the results of other self-rating scales were compared between shift-working and daytime nurses. Results : Although the global score of PSQI did not show significant difference, the PSQI components showed significant differences between two groups: the shift-working nurses showed lower sleep quality, more sleep disturbance and hypnotic medication use, and worsened daytime dysfunction than daytime nurses. The shift-working nurses showed significantly shorter total time in bed and total sleep time, lower sleep efficiency, and longer average awakening time than those of daytime nurses in actigraphy. Conclusions : The results showed that shift-working nurses experienced more sleep disturbances in both subjective and objective aspects of sleep than daytime nurses. This study also suggests that actigraphy may be useful to measure the objective aspects of sleep that are difficult to assess with subjective questionnaires alone.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.41 no.8
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• pp.1118-1133
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• 2012

This research aimed to suggest an efficient improvement plan for school food services by investigating the operating situation and recognition of menu management in school food services for school food service dietitians (and nutrition teachers) in Chungbuk. A total of 328 questionnaires were distributed to school food service dietitians (and nutrition teachers) in Chungbuk by e-mail in September, 2010. A total of 265 questionnaires (80.8%) were used for the analysis. The highest allocation of nutrients and calories per day in school food services was 1:1.5:1.5 (breakfast : lunch : dinner) (38.5%). The reasoning for applying a flexible allocation of nutrients and calories per day was 'considering the ratio of students who do not eat breakfast' (59.2%). And the way to apply the flexible allocation for nutrients and calories per day was 'by agreement from the school operating committee in arbitrary data without situation surveys' (86 respondents, 49.4%), and 'by agreement from the school operating committee in analysis data through situation surveys' (80 respondents, 46.0%). The operational method of standardized recipes was 'cooking management site of national education information systems' (87.5%) and the items included in standardized recipes were menu name, food material name, portion size, cooking method, nutrition analysis, and critical control point in HACCP. The main reason for not utilizing all items of a cooking management site of the national education information system was 'no big trouble in menu management even though it is used partly (29.1%). In addition, the highest use of standardized recipe was for 'maintaining consistency of food production quantity' (74.0%).