• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.32 no.7
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• pp.1204-1221
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• 2012

The purpose of this research was to identify the components of scaffolding in open inquiry and to explore the functions of teachers' scaffolding, which is necessary to support students' open inquiry. In order to identify scaffolding components, at first, we conducted a survey using a questionnaire on what students think about open inquiry on 110 students who performed open inquiry in two middle schools, and then carried out factor analysis based on the survey results. It was attempted to investigate students' perception through focus group interviews corresponding to scaffolding components that were identified through factor analysis. Also, we examined teachers' empirical view of scaffolding functions in open inquiry through in-depth interviews with four teachers. The results of exploratory factor analysis revealed that there were five scaffolding components of open inquiry: motivation, planning, strategy, environment and participation. The results of focus group interviews showed that students experienced difficulties in planning, strategy, environment and participation components, except for motivation component. In particular, students asked for support to strengthen the participation component, which means recognizing their role, active participation and collaboration with peers. Meanwhile, the results of in-depth interviews with teachers showed that teachers' empirical views of scaffolding function in open inquiry were categorized as cognitive (conceptual, metacognitive), emotional (motivational, arbitrative) and strategic. Interviewed teachers preferred the strategic scaffolding and cognitive scaffolding to the emotional scaffolding. Based on the results, we also discussed the implications for performing open inquiry effectively.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.393-402
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• 2004

The Gifts that Freobel devised in 1837 were the first instructional media using concrete and systematic toys as materials for early childhood education. The shapes of hexahedrons, cylinders and balls and conception of point, line, plane and six colors shown in the forms of Freobel's Gifts are the basics of formative elements in modem design. However, the Gifts, or educational toys, which were presented to practice Freobel's educational ideas actually in the educational fields were hardly examined or analyzed from the viewpoint of design. In this study, the structural principles, which were applied to the plastic formation of the Gifts under the influence of Freobel's educational philosophy, are examined by analyzing the visual formative characteristics of Freobel's Gifts. Accordingly, through an analysis on the formative principles of the Gifts, it is studied how a system of abstract and philosophical thought was visually applied to forms. This study is a probing research on the formative characteristics presented in the Gifts and is an investigation of formation theory about geomatrice forms. The effects and problems of the formative features of teaching materials for little children are also examined from the viewpoint of design in this study.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.458-466
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• 2001

This paper is addressed to a design and implementation of Korean voice web browser using voice technologies for controling web browser and selecting contents in the web document, and converting them to voice after HTML analysis. Main feature of this web browser is universal design which considers both of normal person and visual disabled, allows multi-modal interface. As voice interface for visual disabled, it supports tree structure which allows to recognize web document structure easily by only voice guidance regardless of frame usage, can handle all elements described as tag in the web document, identify them as predefined different voice property according to element property. This method gets rid of additional guidance voice for element property without audio style sheet or additional programming effort.

• Digital Contents
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• no.11 s.54
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• pp.56-59
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• 1997

세계 인류가 의사소통을 하는데 사용하는 말이나 글 등은 각각의 약속에 의해 쓰여지는 대표적인 표준화 요소라 할 수 있다. 이처럼 약속에 따라 어떤 표준을 제정하는 행위는 결국 인간의 생활을 편리하게 하고 자원이나 활동의 신뢰성과 효율성을 증진시키는데 목적이 있다. 한편, 표준화 활동을 획일화된 공업 사회의 부산물로 보는 시각도 있으나 인간 활동의 편의성 제고와 자원의 효율적 활용이라는 측면에서 본다면 21세기 정보 사회에서도 없어서는 안될, 오히려 더욱 활발히 추진되어야 할 활동이 될 것이다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.18 no.2 s.60
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• pp.111-122
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• 2005

Public Service Advertising(PSA) is the integrated marketing concept including strategy and technology in all its aspects that pursue the changes of community to seek an agreement of its members by the intentional and the target oriented way. PSA to the exclusion of commercial intention reflects the current social flow and subject since it is focused to the social issue. PSA plays an important role in creating the further cultural value, and also affects present cultural value to advertising message. In this aspect, this study is very valuable to design the plan for further effective management of advertisement and to analyze communication strategy of PSA. This study is to make dear the nature of PSA by the analysis of contents of visual image and linguistics' factors in actual produced and broadcasted TV advertising, called 'Protection of environment' In the results, PSA related the environment is working to linguistic-centered persuading message corresponding to visual factor, this intends to educate and instruct the consumers in 1980's. PSA, therefore, shows a non-description nature without story line and a hero(heroin) on it. In contrast, after 1990's, PSA was made up image-centered and maximized the effectiveness public campaign through the activating consumer's judgement and intervention. We are able to know that it contributes to considering and persuading the consumer to suggest the story format through the visual way to deliver the message. This study of relationship between visual image and linguistics is a common trend appeared in all media including today's advertising, and may be a remarkable result to present proper direction of PSA campaign.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.9
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• pp.106-117
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to examine factors that affect 3D stereoscopic movie audiences' satisfaction in Korea, and to provide strategic solutions to improve audiences' satisfaction. According to study about movie audiences' satisfaction, factors that affect movie audiences' satisfaction are separated to movie internal factors, movie environmental factors and movie audience factors. And leverage of movie internal factors is bigger than either. But 3D stereoscopic movie is different from ordinary movie in shooting, screening, seeing and recognizing method. So it is expected that movie environmental factors and audience factors' influence is bigger than internal factors. So this study carried out a survey targeting 3D stereoscopic audiences. Main result of this study are shown as follows. First, the method to reduce visual fatigue is necessary for satisfaction. Second, it is required that improvement method of seat arrangement to provide high quality 3D stereoscopic contents. Third, level of 3D stereoscopic movies' price need to adjust to valid level.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.345-350
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• 2016

Modern design started from having form of nature and biology and had gradually faced limit on the design subject, therefore changed to something with emotions. However, personal emotion is hard to receive sympathy from the public. Therefore the researcher have selected subject that is already receiving love from the public and tried to visualize it through metal sculpture. The subject selected for visualization is 'Counting Stars at Night' by poet Yoon Dong Ju who the Koreans love the most and the aesthetic factor was selected through prior studied literature and have made by applying metal, gemstone and coloring method. As a result the aesthetic factor could be selected understanding the emotion inside the poet 'Counting Stars at Night' by Yoon Dong Ju and have not lost objectivity in the emotions and could be able to feel the beauty of the metal sculpture with deep emotions of the 'Counting Stars at Night' by Yoon Dong Ju through completed metal sculpture. This served as a momentum for suggesting possibility of shaping the immaterial subject.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.22-31
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• 2009

In this study a landscape evaluation was carried out for the submission of a natural landscape conservation plan with the intention to prevent damage to natural landscapes through incautious exploitation. In the case of Korean landscape evaluation, in fact, only the aesthetic value of the landscape is evaluated as related to development projects but the ecological relevance of the landscape cannot be estimated by evaluating only the aesthetic. For that reason, this study performed a landscape evaluation, including the sensitivity limit of visible scenery and the diversity of ecological scenery. For the intention of landscape evaluation in the designation of an essential conservation area and for devising a plan related to this area, a GIS applied to Ian McHarg's map overlay method was used and both the ecological landscape diversity and the aesthetic value of the landscape was surveyed using this map overlay method. A region can be analyzed in relation to the needs for concentration of management in influence analysis of landscape effect elements.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2014.07a
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• pp.43-44
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• 2014

본 논문에서는 사용자에게 동일한 경험과 최적화 된 웹 매거진의 디자인 서비스 설계 연구를 위해 해상도 혹은 디바이스에 따라 유연하게 변화되는 반응형웹 매거진의 표현방식에 따른 변화를 살펴보았다. 웹 매거진의 표현방식은 멀티미디어, 인터랙티브 환경, GUI 디자인으로 구성 되어 있다. 이를 토대로 점유율이 높은 대표 웹 매거진을 선정하여 표현 방식을 살펴본 결과 멀티미디어 요소에서는 동일한 디자인에 최적화 된 크기 변화를 주는 방법과, 협소한 해상도에서는 비교적 중요도가 떨어지는 디자인 요소를 숨기는 방식으로 설계 되었고, 인터랙티브 환경과 GUI의 변화에서는 요소들의 정렬의 변화로 동일한 시각적 이미지와 최적화된 이미지 배열의 형태를 보여주었다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2020.11a
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• pp.1122-1125
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• 2020

AI의 결과를 이해하기 위해서 XAI(eXplainable Artificial Intelligence)의 연구는 매우 중요하다. 세계적으로 XAI 개발 연구는 많이 진행되고 있지만 개발된 XAI를 평가하는 연구는 매우 적다. 본 논문은 사용성 측면에서 XAI를 평가하기 위해 AI 사용성 요소, 과학적 설명의 요소, 휴리스틱 평가 요소를 분류하고 의사결정 나무를 시각화여 심미도를 평가한다.