• Fire Protection Technology
• /
• s.27
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• pp.4-10
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• 1999

• Fire Protection Technology
• /
• s.34
• /
• pp.40-45
• /
• 2003

• 방재와보험
• /
• s.40
• /
• pp.56-58
• /
• 1989

• Fire Protection Technology
• /
• s.29
• /
• pp.46-47
• /
• 2000

• Fire Protection Technology
• /
• s.26
• /
• pp.54-56
• /
• 1999

• 방재와보험
• /
• s.39
• /
• pp.58-59
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• 1988

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2015

There are three kinds of design method of the fire sprinkler systems. Grid type is connected all branch as a trapezoid. Loop type is connected cross-mains like circle. The last one is a tree type most commonly used. Grid type needs computer program to calculate the friction loss and flow rate apart from very simple form. In loop type, manual calculation is possible. Design engineer can draw up and calculate the demands without computer program. Because water supplies two direction in loop type, friction loss is smaller than tree type. Water distribution in operation area is uniform because of the small differences of sprinklers discharge pressure. Loop type is superior to tree type in respect of total pressure and flow rate. Using the small diameter pipe, the labor and construction cost will be decreased in the end. Loop type sprinkler design is rarely laid out because design engineers don't know the method. This paper is intended to inform that the loop type is better than the tree type in performance and economic point of view. And also this paper intend to use the loop type easily and widely.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.1-8
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• 2004

As a predominant active fire suppression method, closed-type sprinkler systems are used for the purpose of fire control and suppression at the nuclear power plants as well as the industrial facilities. It goes without saying that the proper selection of the system guarantees the adequate actuation of the thermal device. Consequently, the appropriate evaluation should be executed for the thermal behavior with the theoretical and empirical approach. For this purpose, the comparison of activation time for the fusible-link type sprinkler head with the simplified fire case and t-square fire growth case was evaluated. At this paper, the comparison output was presented with the tendency of thermal behavior. In addition, we issued some technical comments for the most appropriate equation in case of the estimation of the sprinkler head activation time. We also raised some idea that should be incorporated for the usage of the t-square equation for the realistic application in the field of the performance-base fire protection approach.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.19 no.1 s.57
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• pp.70-89
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• 2005

Fire scenarios in a space $20.0m\;\times\;4.0m$ floor and 3.0m high were simulated by using computational fluid dynamics program (FDS 4.0.3) to investigate the effect of the combined operation of both sprinkler and vent systems, which are installed for cooling and blocking smoke which propagates beneath the ceiling of a horizontal corridor, on the temperature and smoke density of it. It was shown that the combined operation both sprinkler and vent systems was more effective than each operation for cooling and blocking smoke, the number of operating sprinklers was two because of corner effect of wall, and over-installed sprinklers deteriorated the effect of cooling and blocking smoke. This study showed that the case of two sprinklers and vent flow rate $3.0m^3/s$ in fire scenario was the most effective for cooling and blocking smoke. It was confirmed that the smoke downdrag occurs in operating sprinkler system, and the more smoke droplets produced by increasing fire size, the greater smoke downdrag occurred.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.26-35
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• 2016

Sprinkler installations shall be operated at normal operating temperature of the atmosphere as a fire sprinkler head in any facility to control and extinguish the fire when the fire initially. Recently, however, some flush type quick response automatic sprinkler heads in slow fire place is a problem that can not be normal operation are raised. In this paper, by using the experimental model of the Apartment house of Commons and Cabinet burner size bedrooms fire conditions to form a slow growth rate and can supply more than 0.2 MPa pressure is the minimum pressure that can be applied inside the pipe in the field experiment was conducted. In the majority of experiments lush type quick response automatic sprinkler heads which is used in the country it was confirmed to be incompletely opened as the Cold Soldering occur. This phenomenon is likely to fail early fire suppression and control because they can cause the spread of fire and casualties needed to complement domestic product testing and type approval standards through additional research.