• Title/Summary/Keyword: 순 생산량

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Suggestion of Estimating Method for Net Primary Production in the Geum River Basin Using NDVI (정규화식생지수를 이용한 금강유역의 순일차생산량 추정방법의 제안)

  • Shin, Shachul;Beak, Sungcheol
    • Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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    • v.9 no.6
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    • pp.43-51
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    • 2008
  • This study is to evaluate the NPP (Net Primary Production) distribution in the Geum River basin from NOAA/AVHRR satellite imagery data. It is supposed that the natural vegetation condition and the NPP has the linear relationship. The NPP from natural vegetation increases proportional to the annual net radiation (Rn), where radiative dryness index (RDI) is a proportional constant connecting net radiation to NPP. Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) is used for monitoring vegetation change, and iNDVI (integrated NDVI) for annual analysis. The iNDVI has a close relation to Rn and NPP, which can be used effectively for estimating NPP distribution of where the meteorological data is unavailable. The purpose of this study is to propose a simple method to get NPP in the Geum river basin.

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Changes of Fruit Yield and Fresh Sprout Characteristics by Sowing Times on Chayote in Central Area of Korea (중부지방에서 파종시기별 차요테 과실 생산량 및 어린순 특성 변화)

  • Park, Eui Kwang;Jeong, Taek Gu;Lee, Min Jeong;Park, Jae Seong
    • Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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    • 2018.10a
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    • pp.67-67
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    • 2018
  • 차요테(Sechium edule L.)는 중앙아메리카와 멕시코 남부가 원산인 박과 채소로 찜, 볶음, 튀김, 수프, 샐러드로 활용되는 아열대 채소다. 어린 순은 양념으로 무치거나 볶아서 나물로 이용되고, 열매는 샐러드, 수프, 볶음, 절임 등으로 이용된다. 동양에서는 뿌리채소로 이용되는 무(Raphanus sativus L.)와 유사하게 활용되고 있기도 하며, 인도네시아에서는 칠리 소스, 기름 등에 볶아 먹거나, 삶아서 양념을 찍어 먹기도 한다. 영양학적으로 열매에는 엽산, 비타민 C, 비타민 B6, 구리(Cu), 마그네슘(Mg) 등 미네랄이 풍부하며, 특히 칼륨(K)이 많이 함유되어 있다. 생태적으로 아열대지역에서는 다년생이지만 우리 나라에서는 일년생으로 취급하여, 봄에 정식하여 가을철에 개화되며, 늦가을에서 초겨울까지 열매를 수확한다. 본 연구는 중부지방에서 차요테 열매의 수확량이 줄어들지 않으면서, 차요테의 어린 순을 수확할 수 있는 재배기술을 개발하기 위하여, 2017년에 이어 2018년에도 동일한 처리로 시험을 수행하였다. 시설하우스에서 $2{\times}3m$ 간격으로 2018년 2월 9일부터 4월 21일까지 15일 간격으로 6회 파종하였고, 처리별로 발아시, 발아기, 발아전, 초장, 엽수, 엽록소함량, 어린순 수확량 등을 조사했다. 4차 처리구인 3월 23일 파종의 경우 발아시(최초 발아일)는 파종 후 4일이 소요되어, 1차 처리구 2월 10일 파종 보다 18일 빨랐고, 발아기(40% 발아)는 파종 후 10일로 24일 빨랐으며, 발아전(80% 발아)은 파종 후 16일로 25일 정도 더 빨리 발아되는 경향이었다. 정식 후부터 6월 하순까지 어린순 생산량은 4차 파종 시 773 g주$^{-1}$로 1차 파종 785g주$^{-1}$와 차이가 없을 정도로 생육이 좋았지만, 5차 파종 및 6차 파종의 경우 생산량이 저조하였다. 따라서, 하반기 과실 생산량을 추가적으로 조사하고, 어린순 생산량과 비교하여 중부지역 차요테의 최적 파종시기를 정할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다.

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Biomass and Net Production of a Natural Quercus mongolica Forest in Namsan, Seoul (서울 남산지역 신갈나무 천연림의 물질생산)

  • Park In-Hyeop;Kim Dong-Yeob;Son Yow-han;Yi Myong-Jong;Jin Hyun-O;Choi Yun-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.299-304
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    • 2005
  • Biomass and net production of the three 46-to 52-year-old natural Queycus mongojica stands were investigated in Namsan Park at Seoul. Total above- and belowground biomass including understory vegetation for the three stands ranged from 14776t1ha to 278.48t/ha and total net production ranged from 6.96t/ha/yr to 11.11t/yr. Understory vegetation biomass for the three stands ranged from $0.14\%\;to\;1.14\%$ of total biomass. Biomass accumulation ratio for the three stands ranged from 20.72 to 25.07 and net assimilation ratio as an index of foliage photosynthetic efficiency ranged from 2.79 to 3.34. Net production and net assimilation ratio of this study stands which were located in Namsan Park of central Seoul were low compared to the natural Quercus mongojica forests in other districts in Korea.

Net Primary Production, Annual Accumulation of Organic Carbon and Leaf Decomposition in Salix Plant Community (하천변 버드나무군락의 1차 순 생산량, 유기탄소 흡수량과 낙엽분해)

  • Han, Seung-Ju;Kim, Hyun-Woo;Kim, Hae-Ran;Kim, Hyea-Ju;Han, Dong-Uk;Park, Sang-Kyu;You, Young-Han
    • Journal of Wetlands Research
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    • v.12 no.1
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    • pp.15-22
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    • 2010
  • We measured net primary productivity, annual accumulation of organic carbon and leaf decomposition of Salix community in the flood plain of the Han River and the Nakdong River. Net primary productivity, annual accumulation of organic carbon of the Salix community were 22.5ton/ha/yr(16.7ton/ha/yr-31.2ton/ha/yr) and 9.7ton C/ha/yr(7.5ton C/ha/yr-14.0ton C/ha/yr) respectively, which showed the highest values among the woody plant communities reported in the Korea. It means that planting Salix in the flood plain of the river is the best way to remove carbon dioxides. The faster leaf decomposition occurred around, under and the herb of Salix community in order. Leaf decomposition rate of Salix was higher than that of mesophytes, but lower than that of hydrophytes.

Estimation of Aboveground Biomass and Net Primary Production for Pinus rigida in Sancheong, Gyeongnam Province (경남 산청지역 리기다소나무림의 지상부 바이오매스와 순생산량 추정)

  • Seo, Yeon-Ok;Lee, Young-Jin
    • Journal of agriculture & life science
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    • v.45 no.2
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    • pp.15-20
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    • 2011
  • This study was conducted to estimate the aboveground biomass and net primary production of 40 year old Pinus rigida forest in Sancheong, Gyeongnam province. The aboveground biomass was $127.7Mg\;ha^{-1}$ and $103.1Mg\;ha^{-1}$ of which were found from stem, $17.2Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from branch and $7.4Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from leaf. Biomass distribution ratio of Pinus rigida stands showed the highest in stem wood with 71.1%, followed by the branch with 13.5%, stem bark with 9.6% and lastly the leaf with 5.8%. Net primary production of aboveground biomass was $10.4Mg\;ha^{-1}$ and $3.6Mg\;ha^{-1}$ were found from stem, $2.2Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from branch, $1.3Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from twig and $2.8Mg\;ha^{-1}$ from leaf. Net primary production distribution ratio of Pinus rigida was 34.6% on stem wood, 26.9 on leaf, 21.2% on branch, 12.5% on twig and 4.8% on stem bark.

Carbon Budget Evaluated in Two Urban Parks of Seoul (서울의 두 도시 근린공원에서 평가된 탄소수지)

  • Kim, Gyung Soon;Pi, Jung Hun;An, Ji Hong;Lim, Chi Hong;Jung, Song Hie;Joo, Seung Jin;Lee, Chang Seok
    • Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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    • v.49 no.1
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    • pp.51-61
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    • 2016
  • This study was carried out to assess the carbon budget of two urban parks and one natural park and to prepare the plan for improving the ecological functions of the park including carbon sink. Net Ecosystem Production (NEP) of those study sites was calculated from the relationship between Net Primary Production (NPP) and soil respiration of each study site. To understand carbon budget of the whole area designated as the park, carbon budget of the urban park was analyzed by classifying the vegetated and the non-vegetated zones. NEP of the Nohae and the Sanggye parks calculated by reflecting areal size that the non-vegetated zones occupy were shown in -1.0 and $0.6\;ton\;C\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$, respectively. On the other hand, NEP of Mt. Bulam natural park as a reference site was in $2.3\;ton\;C\;ha^{-1}yr^{-1}$. Based on the result, the Nohae park was assessed as carbon source rather than carbon sink. On the other hand, the Sanggye park was classified as carbon sink but the role was poor compared with natural park. The result is, first of all, due to lower NPP of the vegetation introduced for the parks compared with natural vegetation. The other reason is due to wide arrangement of non-vegetated zone. To solve those problems and thereby to create the urban park with high ecological quality, selection of plant species suitable for the ecological characteristic of the park, their arrangement imitated natural vegetation, and ecological zoning were recommended.

Ecohydrological response of P inus densiflora to climate change: Interactions between soil moisture and photosynthetic pathway (기후변화에 대한 소나무 반응: 토양 수분과 광합성 경로 사이의 상호작용)

  • Woo, Dong Kook
    • Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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    • 2022.05a
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    • pp.481-481
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    • 2022
  • 본 연구에서는 기후 변화 완화에 대한 잠재력을 평가하기 위해 국내에서 가장 우세한 소나무 종인 Pinus densiflora의 기후변화에 대한 반응을 평가하였다. 기후변화의 시나리오로 4가지 대표 농도경로(RCP)에 기반 하여 CO2, 강수량, 온도의 변화를 개별 및 조합하였다. 생태수문학적 및 지구화학적 모델인 ecosys를 활용 및 보완하여 광릉 시험림에 적용하였다. 본 연구에서는 대기 중 CO2 증가가 총일차생산량(GPP)과 순일차생산량(NPP)에 미치는 긍정적인 영향이 강수량과 기온 변화로 인한 부정적인 영향보다 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 특히, 기준 시나리오와 비교하여 각각 RCP2.6, 4.5, 6.5, 8.5에서 3.79%, 13.44%, 18.26%, 28.91%의 NPP 개선이 모의되었다. 또한, 본 연구에서는 지표하 질소 유출과 지표 N2O 플럭스가 기후 변화가 심해짐에 따라 소나무 생장 향상 및 토양 수분 저하로 인하여 토양 질소 손실 감소가 모의되었다. 기후변화의 강도가 증가함에 따라 증발산량이 증가하였지만, 기공 감소는 토양에서 흡수하는 물이용 및 광합성 효율 증진을 가져왔다. 이러한 결과는 소나무가 기후 변화를 완화하는 환경 친화적인 선택으로 작용할 수 있는 잠재성을 나타낸다.

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Estimation of Net Community Production Based on O2/Ar Measurements (O2/Ar 관측에 기반한 순군집생산량 추정 연구 동향)

  • HAHM, DOSHIK;LEE, INHEE
    • The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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    • v.23 no.1
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    • pp.49-62
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    • 2018
  • Net community production (NCP), defined as the difference between net primary production and respiration of heterotrophs, has been used as a measure of oceanic biological carbon pump. This paper summarizes the theoretical background and experimental methods for the estimation of NCP based on $O_2/Ar$ measurements ($O_2/Ar-NCP$). The high frequency measurements of $O_2/Ar-NCP$ (<1 min) is a significant enhancement over the conventional measures of biological pump, such as new production and export production. This paper also introduces some of important works as to the comparison between $O_2/Ar-NCP$ and other measures of biological pump, the distributions of $O_2/Ar-NCP$ in the oceans, and the correlation of $O_2/Ar-NCP$ with various oceanic parameters, including community structures.

Performance Evaluation of a Closed-Loop Pressure Retarded Membrane Distillation for Brackish Water Desalination and Power Generation (기수담수화와 전력 생산을 위한 폐루프형 압력 지연식 막 증류 공정의 성능 평가)

  • Cho, Gyu Sang;Lee, Jun-Seo;Park, Kiho
    • Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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    • v.60 no.4
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    • pp.525-534
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    • 2022
  • In this study, we investigated the applicability and optimal operating strategy of a closed-loop pressure retarded membrane distillation (PRMD) for brackish water desalination. For effective operation with net power generation, high temperature of heat source over 90 ℃ and feed flow rate at 0.6 kg/s are recommended. At 3 g/L of feed concentration, the average permeate flux and net energy density showed 8.04 kg/m2/hr and 2.56 W/m2, respectively. The average permeate flux and net energy density were almost constant in the range of feed concentration from 1 to 3 g/L. Compared to the case with seawater feed, the PRMD with brackish water feed showed higher average permeate flux and net energy density. Thus, PRMD application using brackish water feed can be more effective than that using seawater feed in terms of power generation.

Net Primary Production Changes over Korea and Climate Factors (위성영상으로 분석한 장기간 남한지역 순 일차생산량 변화: 기후인자의 영향)

  • Hong, Ji-Youn;Shim, Chang-Sub;Lee, Moung-Jin;Baek, Gyoung-Hye;Song, Won-Kyong;Jeon, Seong-Woo;Park, Yong-Ha
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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    • v.27 no.4
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    • pp.467-480
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    • 2011
  • Spatial and temporal variabilities of NPP(Net Primary Production) retrieved from two satellite instruments, AVHRR(Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer, 1981-2000) and MODIS(MODerate-resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, 2000-2006), were investigated. The range of mean NPP from A VHRR and MODIS were estimated to be 894-1068 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr and 610-694.90 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr, respectively. The discrepancy of NPP between the two instruments is about 325 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr, and MODIS product is generally closer to the ground measurement than AVHRR despite the limitation in direct comparison such as spatial resolution and vegetation classification. The higher NPP values over South Korea are related to the regions with higher biomass (e.g., mountains) and higher annual temperature. The interannual NPP trends from the two satellite products were computed, and both mean annual trends show continuous NPP increase; 2.14 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr from AVHRR(1981-2000) and 6.08 $g{\cdot}C/m^2$/yr from MODIS (2000-2006) over South Korea. Specifically, the higher increasing trends over the Southwestern region are likely due to the increasing productivity of crop fields from sufficient irrigation and fertilizer use. The retrieved NPP shows a closer relationship between monthly temperature and precipitation, which results in maximum correlation during summer monsoons. The difference in the detection wavelength and model schemes during the retrieval can make a significant difference in the satellite products, and a better accuracy in the meterological and land use data and modeling applications will be necessary to improve the satellite-based NPP data.