• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.275-296
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to investigate the change of gaze and the change of the proof learning achievement after learning the analytic method for proof to mathematical gifted students using eye tracking technique. In order to complete the purpose of this study, a mixed method research was used, that is a combination of quantitative and qualitative research methods. Quantitative analysis was conducted based on the data obtained through the eye tracker, and qualitative analysis was also done using post interview data to make up for the quantitative analysis. The subjects of this study were 8 mathematical gifted 3rd grade middle school students in the gifted education center. The conclusions of this study are as follows. First, the learning of analysis leads to a change of gaze in the proof learning of students. The students, after learning the analysis, moved their gaze from the bottom to the top when solving the proof problem, and the occupancy rate of the gaze to the bottom of the proof was higher than the higher part. Second, the change of gaze caused by the learning of the analysis have a correlation with the achievement of the proof learning and it can be seen that the method learning improves the achievement of the proof learning of the students.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.313-334
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes in mathematical learning through applying STEAM education according to social needs for out-of-school youth. For this purpose, we developed a teaching and learning model and program for mathematics and music STEAM education, and we implemented and analyzed the changes of affective area and problem-solving strategies. The analysis results of characteristic in affective area are as follows: first, the activity-oriented class of mathematics and music STEAM education aroused interest in mathematics. Second, providing opportunities for mathematics and music STEAM education instilled a positive perception of the value of mathematics and STEAM education. Third, the autonomous communication-oriented learning environment of mathematics and music STEAM education improved confidence and motivation to learn in mathematics. The analysis results of the characteristic in problem-solving strategy are as follows: first, through the STEAM education with mathematics and music, a conceptual understanding of internally and externally dividing points was formed, and a given problem was expressed and solved in a formula. Second, the functional correspondence relationship was understood, and the given problem was described and solved with symbols associated with the function. The suggestions of the study are as follows: first, based on the teaching and learning model and results of this study, various STEAM education programs for out-of-school youth should be developed and expanded to foster future competencies and provide new changes for out-of-school youth. Second, it can be used for research on the development of teaching and learning materials for convergence elective subjects in the high school credit system by referring to the mathematics and music convergence STEAM program of this study. As the subjects and fields of STEAM education are diversified and organized, students in need of receiving educational opportunities will be reduced, and there will be a world where the name of out-of-school youth and alternative education will not be necessary. Therefore, it is expected that development of teaching and learning programs created by interest in education of out-of-school youth will be used as an innovative idea in school education to achieve a virtuous cycle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.259-266
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• 2011

We present a new dual sequential approximate optimization (SAO) algorithm called SD-TDQAO (sequential dual two-point diagonal quadratic approximate optimization). This algorithm solves engineering optimization problems with a nonlinear objective and nonlinear inequality constraints. The two-point diagonal quadratic approximation (TDQA) was originally non-convex and inseparable quadratic approximation in the primal design variable space. To use the dual method, SD-TDQAO uses diagonal quadratic explicit separable approximation; this can easily ensure convexity and separability. An important feature is that the second-derivative terms of the quadratic approximation are approximated by TDQA, which uses only information on the function and the derivative values at two consecutive iteration points. The algorithm will be illustrated using mathematical and topological test problems, and its performance will be compared with that of the MMA algorithm.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-43
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• 2010

This study is to investigate how much highschool students, who have learned functional concepts included in the Middle school math curriculum, understand chapters of the function, to analyze the types of errors which they made in solving the mathematical problems and to look for the proper instructional program to prevent or minimize those ones. On the basis of the result of the above examination, it suggests a classification model for teaching-learning methods and teaching material development The result of this study is as follows. First, Students didn't fully understand the fundamental concept of function and they had tendency to approach the mathematical problems relying on their memory. Second, students got accustomed to conventional math problems too much, so they couldn't distinguish new types of mathematical problems from them sometimes and did faulty reasoning in the problem solving process. Finally, it was very common for students to make errors on calculation and to make technical errors in recognizing mathematical symbols in the problem solving process. When students fully understood the mathematical concepts including a definition of function and learned procedural knowledge of them by themselves, they did not repeat the same errors. Also, explaining the functional concept with a graph related to the function did facilitate their understanding,

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.573-588
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• 2015

In this paper, we introduce development process and application of a simple and effective model of a statistics laboratory using open source software R, one of leading language and environment for statistical computing and graphics. This model consists of HTML files, including Sage cells, video lectures and enough internet resources. Users do not have to install statistical softwares to run their code. Clicking 'evaluate' button in the web page displays the result that is calculated through cloud-computing environment. Hence, with any type of mobile equipment and internet, learners can freely practice statistical concepts and theorems via various examples with sample R (or Sage) codes which were given, while instructors can easily design and modify it for his/her lectures, only gathering many existing resources and editing HTML file. This will be a resonable model of laboratory for studying statistics. This model with bunch of provided materials will reduce the time and effort needed for R-beginners to be acquainted with and understand R language and also stimulate beginners' interest in statistics. We introduce this interactive statistical laboratory as an useful model for beginners to learn basic statistical concepts and R.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.1-13
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• 2015

This paper presents a mathematical formulation for container slot chartering model through strategic alliance between liner shipping companies. This paper develops a solution procedure to apply the model to real world problems and its applicability is demonstrated by a numerical example. The model presented in this paper has some important features which have never been considered in the previous researches. The model is linear model and pursuits profit maximization. And also it considers slot chartering capacity selection. This paper attempts to perform sensitivity analysis and compares slot chartering model with basic non-collaborating model in which there is no alliance and collaboration. As a result of sensitivity analysis, some interesting findings are obtained; Even though freight rate is more and more decreasing, the profit by slot chartering model is always higher than the basic model but the profit gaps become smaller. But The ratio of the profit gap to the profit of basic model is more increasing.

• Journal of Science Education
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.374-388
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to investigate pre-service physics teachers' perceptions on the physics education major curriculum. We surveyed 15 junior, and 13 senior college students of physics education major in an university in southern part of Korea. Among them, 24 participants(86 %) took the physics 1 course in high school and 22 participants(79 %) chose the physics 1 in their Korea Scholastic Aptitude Test. The responses showed that the most necessary part in pre-service students' learning was the understanding of high school level physics(36 %), and the understanding of introductory level physics(29 %). In the wish list of courses to be open, high school level physics course was ranked first among seven options by 61 % of respondents. Also, there was some concurrence among respondents in opinion of the necessity for understanding introductory physics. Students felt difficulties in understanding it especially owing to the lack of problem solving skill and comprehension. They added that the sufficient explanation of core concepts should be the first action in the innovative plan. Most participants of pre-service physics teachers hoped to have the revised major curriculum which could help their understanding of high school level or introductory level of physics. However, there was a gap of opinions between the group of students with completion of the high school physics 1 & 2 course and those with non-completion of them. The approach of changing major curriculum with consideration of learners' needs was recommended because the number of students with completion of the high school physics course would probably be decreasing rapidly under these circumstances such as the application of new national curriculum, the reduction of the number of the elective courses in Korea Scholastic Aptitude Test and so on.

• Journal of Gifted/Talented Education
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.561-576
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to investigate the perception of the mothers of science gifted in respect to giftedness compared to the "Scale for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students-R(SRBCSS-R)". For that, a survey of 18 mothers of elementary school science gifted and 32 mothers of middle school science gifted was conducted in relation to giftedness. The words and frame of this survey were analyzed using the Semantic Network Analysis. The results are as follows : The mothers of Elementary school science gifted perception were found to have a connected giftedness with reading, science, making something, etc.. On the other hand, the mothers of middle school science gifted perception were found to have a connected giftedness with problem, solving problem, mathematics, etc. in words analysis. The mothers of Elementary school science gifted have a strong connection with category on creativity, motivation, etc.. On the other hand, the mothers of middle school science gifted were more inclined towards the category on learning, motivation, etc. in frame analysis. That is to say, the mothers of science gifted are perceptive about giftedness respect to some elements as the "Scale for Rating the Behavioral Characteristics of Superior Students-R" on the giftedness. Therefore, a correct understanding about giftedness in respect to the mothers of science gifted is required and parent education is needed for appropriate science gifted education.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.12-47
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• 1991

This work aims to introduce the concept of microcomputer aided port design simulation methodology including the analysis of the mathematical models to be implemented and apply it to the Third Stage Busan Port Development Project. In the Busan case study, the size of the proposed turning basin of the new terminal, together with the operational strategies of berthing and unberthing, was examined, In addition, the safety on ship's entry and exit through the projected new breakwaters was ascertained. From the application of simulation to the Busan project, it was found that the proposed dredging area was not sufficiently wide enough for the modelled container ship to perform A time unberthing (in which the ship turns to port as she manoeuvres away from N.1. Berth with the assistance of tugs), especially in a strong easterly wind. It is therefore, recommended that Busan pilots should be advised to sue B type unberthing strategy, in which the ship goes astern from no.1 berth tot he turning area in front of No.2 berth(where the ship turns 180 degrees clockwise), especially when the wind is very strong, It is also recommended that a sea buoy be placed outside the new breakwaters, as this was found to improve the safety of ship manoeuvres through the breakwaters significantly . Another recommendation is that the Korean hydrodynamic Office carry out a detailed survey of the currents in the water area near the new breakwaters once they have been constructed. In addition, it is to be recommended that a current meter be placed at the recommended sea buoy to improve the safety of ship manoeuvres which could otherwise be jeopardised by eeroneos current information.

• 한국가스학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.120-125
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• 2003

본 연구는 원자력 발전소에 있는 방화벽의 케이블 관통부위에 설치된 CPFS(Cable Penetration Fire Stop)시스템 안에서 일어나는 동적열전달 현상을 3 차원으로 나타낼 수 있는 시험시뮬레이터에 사용될 수학적 모델과 수치계산 알고리즘의 개발에 관한 것이다. CPFS 내에서 일어나는 열전도 현상을 나타내는 지배방정식은 주어진 조건들 하에서 포물선형 편미분방정식(Parabolic PDE)으로 나타난다. 문제를 단순화하기 위해 열의 흐름을 두 성분으로 나누었다 즉, 케이블과 평행한 선을 따라서 일어나는 열전도와 벽면과 평행한 평면 위에서 일어나는 열전도로 나누었다. 먼저 선을 따라 일어나는 동적 열전도 현상을 나타내는 PDE를 연속과완화(SOR: Successive Over-Relaxation)를 적용하여 유한한 불연속점들에 대한 연립 상미분방정식(ODE)으로 전환했고, 그 연립방정식은 ODE Solver 를 이용하여 풀 수 있었다. 둘째로, 각 불연속 점에 위치한 평면 위에서 일어나는 열전도를 계산하기 위해서, 유한요소의 합을 근사식으로 이용하여 PDE를 ODE로 전환해서 계산하는 유한요소법(Finite Element Method)이 이용된다. 여기서 시간과 공간의 함수 T(x, y, z, t)인 온도는 각 선의 점들과 각 평면의 요소들에 대해서 일정한 시간간격으로 초기온도와 경계온도를 업데이트하여 계산을 반복한다. 이러한 일련의 계산결과를 바탕으로 CPFS 시스템 내에서의 온도분포의 동적인 변화를 해석한다. 결론적으로 관통하는 케이블이 CPFS 시스템의 온도분포에 매우 중요한 역할을 한다는 것을 알 수 있다. 시뮬레이션 결과는 CPFS 내의 온도분포를 쉽게 이해할 수 있도록 3 차원 그래픽으로 나타냈으며, 상용소프트웨어 FEMLAB 으로 계산한 결과와 비교해서 개발된 모델과 계산 알고리즘의 정당성을 보였다. 맞이하고 있음을 볼 수 있다. 국내광업이 21C 급변하는 산업환경에 적응하여 생존하기 위해서는 각종 첨단산업에서 요구하는 소량 다품종의 원료광물을 적기에 공급 할 수 있는 전문화된 기술력을 하루속히 확보해야 하며, 이를 위해 고품위의 원료광물 확보를 위한 탐사 및 개발을 적극 추진하고 가공기술의 선진화를 위해 선진국과의 기술제휴 등 자원산업 글로벌화 정책이 절실히 요구되고 있음을 알 수 있다. 또한 삶의 질을 향상시키려는 현대인의 가치관에 부합하기 위해서는 각종 소비제품의 원료를 제공하는 광업의 본래 목적 이외에도 자연환경 훼손을 최소화하며 개발 할 수밖에 없는 구조적인 어려움에 직면할 수밖에 없다. 이처럼 국내광업이 안고 있는 여러 가지 난제들을 극복하기 위해서는 업계와 정부가 합심하여 국내광업 육성의 중요성을 재인식하고 새로운 마음가짐으로 관련 정책을 수립 일관성 있게 추진해 나가야 할 것으로 보인다.의 연구 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 브랜드 이미지와 서비스 품질과의 관계에서 브랜드이미지는 서비스 품질의 선행변수가 될 수 있음을 증명하였으며 4개 요인의 이미지 중 사풍이미지를 제외한 영업 이미지, 제품 이미지, 마케팅 이미지가 서비스 품질에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있다. 둘째, 지각된 서비스 품질과 가격 수용성과의 관계에서, 서비스 품질은 최소 가격에 신뢰서비스 요인에서 정의 영향을 미치고 있으나 부가서비스, 환경서비스에서는 역의 영향을 미침을 알수 있고, 최대 가격에 있어서는 욕구서비스 요인은 정의 영향을 미치지만 부가서비스의 경우에는 역의 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수 있다. 셋째, 서비스품질과 재 방문 의도와의 관계에 있어서 서비스품질은 재 방문 의도에 영향을 미침을 알 수 있다. 따라서 브랜드 이미지는 서비스품질의 선행변수가 될 수 있으며, 서비스품질은 가격 수용성과 재방문 의도에 영향을 미치고 있음을 알 수