• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.115-122
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• 2006

기관지 천식은 가역적 기도 폐색, 호산구에 의한 만성기관지 염증 및 기관지 수축 물질에 대한 기관지 평활근의 과민반응 등 3가지 주 증상을 갖는 만성 염증성 호흡기 질환의 일종으로서 천식은 항원에 대한 노출이 과민반응으로 이어져 기도 내 염증 유발로 이어지면 조직 내 백혈구 침윤이 일어나게 되어 기도 상피세포의 손상 및 기도 폐색이 일어나게 된다. 이 때 백혈구를 혈액에서 조직으로 끌어오는 것이 chemotactic cytokine, 즉 chemokine이다. 본 실험은 사람의 폐 상피세포를 이용하여 염증유발 매개물질인 $TNF-{\alpha}$와 IL-4를 단독 혹은 병용 투여하여, 폐 상피세포에서 chemokine 중 호중구의 화학주성에 관여하는 TARC, eotaxin, RANTES의 생성을 유도하였고, 이러한 chemokine의 생성과정에서 청열소독음(淸熱消毒飮)이 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다. 본 연구를 통하여 청열소독음(淸熱消毒飮)이 사람의 폐 상피세포에서 $TNF-{\alpha}$와 IL-4로 유발시킨 TARC, exotain, RANTES의 생성을 농도 의존적으로 억제하는 효과를 볼 수 있었다. 따라서 청열소독음(淸熱消毒飮)은 TARC, eotaxin, RANTES와 같은 chemokine 생성을 억제함으로써 천식을 포함한 알레르기 질환 치료 전반에 유의적인 효과를 보일 것으로 사려 된다.

• Journal of Industrial Convergence
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• v.21 no.10
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• pp.57-63
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• 2023

This study aims to elucidate the effect of glycyrrhizic acid on smooth muscle contraction and to determine the detailed mechanism incorporated. We hypothesized that glycyrrhizic acid played a role in the agonist-sensitive management of smooth muscle contraction. Stripped smooth muscles of Sprague-Dawley rats were prepared in organ baths and isometric tensions were converted, stored and analyzed by using isometric transducers, a physiograph and one way ANOVA. Interestingly, glycyrrhizic acid attenuated the thick filament regulating agonist (fluoride or thromboxane mimetic)-sensitive contraction (p=0.113, 0.008, 0.004 (Student's t-test), p=0.113, 0.008, 0.004 (One way ANOVA) at 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 mM fluoride, and p=0.156, 0.004, 0.003 (Student's t-test), p=0.156, 0.004, 0.003 (One way ANOVA) at 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 mM thromboxane mimetic) and did not attenuate the thin filament regulating agonist (phorbol ester)-induced contraction (p=0.392, 0.086, 0.065 (Student's t-test), p=0.392, 0.086, 0.065 (One way ANOVA) at 0.01, 0.03, 0.1 mM phorbol ester). It is suggesting that endothelial EDRF (NO) synthesis and accessory pathways besides endothelial EDRF (NO) synthesis such as ROCK restriction might be incorporated in the glycyrrhizic acid-induced modulation of smooth muscle contraction inhibiting acto-myosin interaction.

• Composites Research
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.31-36
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• 2011

According to the evaluation on GMT-sheet by molding conditions, fiber projection on the moldings surface was investigated. Fiber projection is one of the major defects on moldings surface due to matrix shrinkage. That is, fiber projection happens from different shrinkage of matrix and glass fiber. Height of fiber projection from moldings surface becomes smaller when molding pressure is higher during holding pressure and cooling process. Height of fiber projection is dominantly affected by molding pressure. With consideration of molding pressure, the formation of surface unevenness and change in fiber projection height was elucidated. In addition, coating layer is effective to suppress surface defects, and there is no fiber projection or crack in case that coating is applied. Coating layer improves surface roughness up to the level of the polypropylene which is a single material.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.337-342
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• 1994

It is well known that angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors(ACEIs) increase endothelium-dependent relaxation in aortic strips of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR) and this increase in relaxation may be due to altered endothelial nitric oxide breakdown. But there are few studies on the effect of the angiotensin II receptor blocker on the nitric oxide-mediated relaxation. So we attempted to investigate the effect of angiotensin II receptor blocker on the nitric oxide-dependent relaxation in isolated aorta of SHR. Two week-treatment of losartan (30 mg/kg/day) increased the acetylcholine$(10^{-9}\;to\;10^{-5}\;M)$-and histamine$(10^{-8}\;to\;10^{-4}\;M)$-induced relaxation in endothelium intact strips but 90 minutes-treatment of losartan $(10^{-4}\;M)$ showed no increase in relaxation. The phenylephrine $(10^{-7}\;M)$-induced contraction, repeated every 2 hours, was diminished gradually following lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treatment $(100\;{\mu}g/ml)$ but there was no significant difference in enalapril- and losartan-treated group compared with control group. These results suggest that activity of the endothelial constitutive NO synthase may be changed by chronic treatment of angiotensin II receptor blockers and ACEIs but angiotensin II antagonist and ACEI have no effect on the inducible NO synthase activity in the isolated aorta of SHR

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.7
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• pp.511-519
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• 2016

Left ventricular diastolic dysfunction is mostly observed in patients with cardiac disease, such as myocardial ischemia or LVH, but linking is usually observed in healthy people without heart disease. Evaluation of left ventricular diastolic failure in normal cardiac output(systolic function) conditions can affect the progress and prognosis of heart failure. The direct relevance to the epicardial adipose tissue metabolism in cardiovascular engine for generating a bioactive moleculer, which leads to dysfunction of the later had a direct effect on myocardial heart. The purpose of this study is to measure the thickness of the epicardial adipose tissue was to study the relevance of the assessment of diastolic dysfunction in systolic function in normal conditions. Results epicardial adipose tissue thickness and diastolic dysfunction was analyzed to have a high correlation in a statistically significant level. In particular, the epicardial adipose tissue thickness measured at the measuring section EAT2 and diastolic function evaluation E' was found to have a high correlation. Thus epicardial adipose tissue thickness variation is believed can be used as a predictor to evaluate the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

• Journal of IKEEE
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.681-686
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• 2019

This paper proposes a CMOS temperature sensor using inverter delay chains of the same size based on the pulse shrinking method. A temperature-pulse converter (TPC) uses two different temperature delay lines with inverter chains to generate a pulse in proportion to temperature, and a time-digital converter (TDC) shrinks the pulse using inverter chains of the same size to convert pulse width into a digital value to be insensitive to process changes. The chip was implemented with a $0.49{\mu}m{\times}0.23{\mu}m$ area using a $0.35{\mu}m$ CMOS process with a supply voltage of 3.3V. The measurement results show a resolution of $0.24^{\circ}C/bit$ for 9-bit data for a temperature sensor range of $0^{\circ}C$ to $100^{\circ}C$.

• The Korean Journal of Rheology
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.60-65
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• 1997

PFP성형기술은 사출성형시 수지를 금형내에 환전히 채운후 저압의 공기를 이용하여 기포를 발생시켜 수지의 체적수축분을 기포의 성장에 의해 보상해주는 기술이다. 이방법은 일반 사출성형에서 많이 발생하는 싱크마크나 휨과 같은 변형문제를 해결하여 줄수 있으며 높은 압력을 필요로하지 않는다는 잇점을 가지고 있으나 이러한 최신공정에 대한 체계적인 연구는 미흡한 실정이다. 최근에 제시된 PFP성형공정의 모델링은 기포의 성장이 수지의 체 적수축에 의한 것이라는 가정을 근거로 기포핵이 생성된 이후의 기포성장을 모사하였으며 모델링에 해석결과는 몇가지 가정에도 불구하고 실험결과를 잘 설명하였다. 본 연구에서는 모델링이 가지는 문제점을 분석하고 기포성장의 메카니즘을 보다 체계적으로 이해하기 위하 여 실험적인 방법을 적용하였다. 많은 인자들을 효과적으로 고려하기 위하여 실험계획법을 적용하였으며 이를통하여 기포핵의 생성과 기포의 성장에 공기압 등이 매우 중요한 역할을 한다는 사실을 확인하였다. 이러한 결과는 모델링과 함께 PFP공정에 대한 체계적인 이해 뿐만 아니라 금형설계 및 성형조건의 설정등의 실제적인 문제해결에도 도움이 될것으로 기 대된다.

• Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-10
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• 2020

In this paper, we propose an algorithm for estimating blood pressure using ECG (Electrocardiogram) and PPG (Photoplethysmography) signals. To estimate the BP (Blood pressure), we generate a periodic input signal, remove the noise according to the differential and threshold methods, and then estimate the systolic and diastolic blood pressures based on the convolutional neural network. We used 49 patient data of 3.1GB in the MIMIC database. As a result, it was found that the prediction error (RMSE) of systolic BP was 5.80mmHg, and the prediction error of diastolic BP was 2.78mmHg. This result confirms that the performance of class A is satisfied with the existing BP monitor evaluation method proposed by the British High Blood Pressure Association.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
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• 2001.10d
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• pp.209-212
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• 2001

본 논문에서는 text-to-speech 시스템에서 사용할 억양 모델을 위해 벡터 양자화(vector quantization) 방식을 이용한다. 어절 경계강도(break index)는 세단계로 분류하였고, CART(Classification And Regression Tree)를 사용하여 어절 경계강도의 예측 규칙을 생성하였다. 예측된 어절 경계강도를 바탕으로 운율구를 예측하였으며 운율구는 다섯 개의 억양 패턴으로 분류하였다. 하나의 운율구는 정점(peak)의 시간축, 주파수축 값과 이를 기준으로 한 앞, 뒤 기울기를 추출하여 네 개의 파라미터로 단순화하였다. 운율구에 대해서 먼저 운율구가 문장의 끝일 경우와 아닐 경우로 분류하고, 억양 패턴 다섯 개로 분류하여. 모두 10개의 운율구 set으로 나누었다. 그리고 네 개의 파라미터를 가지고 있는 운율구의 억양 패턴을 벡터 양자화 방식을 이용하여 분류(clusteing)하였다 운율의 변화가 두드러지는 조사와 어미는 12 point의 기본주파수 값을 추출하고 벡터 양자화하였다. 운율구와 조사 어미의 codebook index는 문장에 대한 특징 변수 값을 추출하고 CART를 사용하여 예측하였다. 합성할 때에는 입력 tort에 대해서 운율구의 억양 파라미터를 추정한 다음, 조사와 어미의 12 point 기본주파수 값을 추정하여 전체 억양 곡선을 생성하였고 본 연구실에서 제작한 음성합성기를 통해 합성하였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.5-12
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• 1995

In this paper, acoustic analysis of thermoacoustic refrigerating system was given and the design procedure meeting the specifications was presented. The thermoacoustic refrigerator transforms the sound wave energy into the thermal energy via adiabatic process of inert gas. The system is composed of mainly three parts ; the acoustic motor utilizing loudspeaker the stack of plate for thermal transport and the resonator to form the standing wave. Based upon the acoustic analysis, resonator dimension and stack position and size were decided, and the entire refrigerating system was designed to the given specification. Also the mechanical Impedance of the designed resonator was obtained by simulation.