• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.235-244
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• 2008

This study is to develop automatic extraction system of continuous blood pressure using ECG (Electrocardiogram) and PPG(Photoplethysmography) for u-health care technology. PTT (Pulse Transit Time) was determined from peak difference between ECG and PPG and its inverse made to get blood pressure. Since the peaks were vulnerable to be contaminated from noise and variation of amplitude, this study developed the adaptive algorithm for peak calculation in any noise condition. The developed method of the adaptive peak calculation was proven to make the standard deviations of PPT decrease to 28% and the detection of noise increase to 18%. Also, the correlation model such as blood pressure = -0.044 $\cdot$ PTT + 133.592 has successfully been determined for predicting the continuous pressure measured without using cuff but with using PPG and ECG, only.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.18 no.9
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• pp.1263-1270
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• 2008

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of exercise mode and anti-hypertensive drug responding status on the cardiovascular response and perceived exertion in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients. Seventy-five patients who participated in six-week exercise rehabilitation therapy performed a treadmill running and a cycle ergometer exercise at intensities of 60%HRR and 85%HRR respectively. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure, mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), rate pressure production (RPP), and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE) were measured. The results of cardiovascular response by the different exercise modes with moderate and intensive intensity of anti-hypertensive drug responder and nonresponder ACS patients were following: First cycle ergometer exercise induced significantly higher SBP, DBP, MAP, RPP and MAP than treadmill running exercise at the intensities of 60%HRR and 85%HRR in both anti-hypertensive responder and nonresponder ACS patients (p<0.05). Secondly anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients had significantly higher DBP and MAP that anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients at all the exercise modes (p<0.05). Finally there was no difference of RPP between anti-hypertensive responder and nomresponder ACS patients, although anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients showed higher blood pressure and RPP than anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients. In conclusion, cycle ergometer induced increased cardiovascular response at same intensities of treadmill running exercise and anti-hypertensive nonresponder ACS patients had even more increased cardiovascular response than anti-hypertensive responder ACS patients with no difference in perceived exertion during exercise. These results suggested that cycle ergometer exercise should be greatly careful with the risk of higher blood pressure, especially for those who are patients with hypertensive blood pressure.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.49 no.9
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• pp.966-971
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• 2006

Purpose : 'Programming' describes the process that stimulus at a critical period of development has lifelong effects. The fact that low birth weight links to the risk of elevated blood pressures in adult life is well known. This study aims to examine whether this link is evident in the newborn by investigating the relationship of the intrauterine growth indices and neonatal blood pressure(BP). Methods : We studied 127 neonates who were born at Ewha Womans' Hospital and their mothers enrolled our cohort study during pregnancy. Data on the mothers and details of the birth records were tracked and collected from medical charts. Neonatal BP was measured within 24 hours after birth. Results : Neonatal SBP was positively correlated to intrauterine growth indices; birth weight(BW)(r=0.4), head circumference(HC)(r=0.4), and birth height(r=0.3). However, an inverse relationship existed, between HC/BW ratio and neonatal SBP(r=-0.4). After adjusting for the baby's sex, maternal BP, and gestational age, neonatal SBP still associated with intrauterine growth indices. SBP was 7 mmHg higher in the highest BW group(${\geq}90percentiles$) compared to the lowest group(<10 percentiles). On the other hand, SBP was 17 mmHg lower in the highest HC/BW group(${\geq}90percentiles$) compared in the lowest group(<10 percentiles). Conclusion : This study could not find the evidence that intrauterine growth retardation affect on elevated neonatal BP. It suggests that the initiating events of BP programming may occur during postnatal growth period. To identify the critical starting period that intrauterine growth retardation leads to elevated BP, a study tracking BP changes from birth to childhood is required.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.666-672
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• 2016

We extracted 50 LVH patients out of 30'~80's who performing ECG and echocardiography examination. We used Devereux's theory to examinate LVH with echocardiography and used Sokolow-Lyon's theory to examinate LVH with ECG. We used regression and correlation analysis by SPSS, used ROC curve analysis to decide predominance of two ways of .Age, BMI, SBP and DBP whice are the danger factors of LVH and standard value of LVH diagnosis examination seems correlated. Out of 50 LVH patients, 50 patients were diagnosed LVH by echcardiography examination and only 21 patients were diagnosed LVH by ECG examination. Also echocardiography was AUC 99%, sensitivity 96%, singularity 95%, accuracy 95.5%. And ECG was AUC 76%, sensitivity 62%, singularity 76%, accuracy 68%.By comparing accuracy between echocardiography and ECG in diagnosing LVH, we could tell echocardiography was examination with higher accuracy. Therefore, if one was diagnosed with summit on 1st examination with ECG, considering age, body mass index, systolic blood pressure and dilator blood pressure, should offer echocardiography examination.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.187-194
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• 2018

Eritadenine (EA), derived from Lentinus edodes (LE), reduced low-density lipoprotein (LDL), triglyceride (TG), and phospholipids in bloods, and fatty acid depositions in animals and humans. Previously, we reported that EA inhibited angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) activity in vitro. Now, we report that EA reduced blood pressures in spontaneous hypertension rats (SHR). EA-containing LE mycelial culture enzyme extract (EA-LEMSCEE) was prepared from LE mycelial solid cultures and the hot-water extract of LE fruit bodies. Both EA and EA-LEMSCEE inhibited ACE activity in immortalized human umbilical endothelial cells (EA.hy926). EA-LEMSCEE treatments (7.5 mg/kg, 22.5 mg/kg) significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure in SHR. At five weeks of treatment, EA-LEMSCEE treatment significantly reduced systolic and diastolic blood pressure, similar to the positive control (captopril, CP; 4 mg/kg) treatment. In addition, the LEMSCEE without EA decreased systolic and diastolic blood pressures compared to the control, but not significant. EA-LEMSCEE decreased renin and ACE activities, and angiotensin II (Ang II) contents in SHR compared to the control. After five weeks of treatment, the effect of EA-LEMCEE was similar to that of CP. These results indicate that EA and EA-LEMSCEE reduce blood pressure by inhibiting the renin and ACE activity of SHR. Furthermore, these results imply that EA or EA-LEMSCEE could be used as an antihypertension agent in humans.

• KIISE Transactions on Computing Practices
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.192-214
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• 2015

Blood pressure may be measured using physiological signals, such as ECG, PTT, and $SpO_2$. In this study, we designed and implemented a portable real-time blood pressure measuring system, which can access the Internet simultaneously using the IPv4 / IPv6 protocol. In addition, we presented a model for the calculation of systolic and diastolic blood pressure in a real-time environment. Through clinical experiments on 28 subjects, the blood pressure measuring system was shown to satisfy the requirements of Grade B level of the BHS (British Hypertension Society) certification.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.267-273
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• 2002

Background: We performed a phase IV clinical trial to examine the usefulness of a continuous infusion of nicardipine hydrochloride to control hypertension in patients with acute aortic dissection. material and Method: Systolic/diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate were monitored before and after the intravenous administration of nicardipine in 31 patients with aortic diseases. The period of nicardipine administration in each patient was from 3 to 14 days. Efficacy was evaluated by determining the average amount of blood pressure reduction on the 3rd day of drug administration. The dosage of another antihypertensive agent was slowly tapered down, and ultimately replaced by the test drug. Result: 28 patients were diagnosed as acute aortic dissection, 2 patients as rupture of the aortic arch aneurysm, and 1 patient as traumatic aortic rupture. Mean age was 53.9 $\pm$ 14.9(29~89) years, and 21 patients(67.7%) were male. 14 patients(32.3%) had complications associated with underlying aortic disease: aortic insufficiency in 7, hemopericardium in 6, acute renal failure in 1, paraplegia in 1, lower extremity ischemia in 1, and hemothorax in 1. The time needed to reach the target blood pressure was within 15 minutes in 16, from 15 to 30 minutes in 10, from 30 to 45 minutes in 3 and from 45 to 60 minutes in 2, and their baseline average systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures(mmHg) were 147$\pm$23, 82.3$\pm$ 18.6, and 104 $\pm$ 18, respectively. Average systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressures(mmHg) on the third day of nicardipine infusion were 119$\pm$ 12, 69$\pm$9, and 86$\pm$8, and they all showed statistically significant decrease(p<0.05). The average systolic, diastolic, and mean arterial blood pressure(mmHg) after the discontinuation of the nicardipine infusion were 119 $\pm$ 15, 71 $\pm$ 14, and 86$\pm$ 13, respectively. No significant difference was observed between the average pressures measured on the third day and those measured after the discontinuation of the nicardipine infusion, and no definite side effects were observed during the study period. Conclusion: Nicardipine hydrochloride was both effective and safe at controlling blood pressure in patients with acute aortic dissection.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.37-40
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• 2002

GABA tea which was increased of GABA by anaerobic conditions in green tea leaves) was fed in the diet to spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR). The mean systolic blood pressure of SHR fed a diet containing 1.5% GABA tea after 3 weeks was not different with zero day as 177.3mmHg. However, 1.5% green tea and control after 3 weeks were more increased 4.2 percents and 10 percents than in zero day. The plasma levels of aldosterone of SHR fed a diat containing 1.5% GABA green tea after 3 weeks was more decreased 2.5 times than in water treatment.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2006.05a
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• pp.689-692
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• 2006

In this study, an implementation of a system for measuring more accurate blood pressure by non-invasive methods of oscillometric was performed to reduce errors and weaknesses of the existing invasive blood pressure measurement methods. The system is composed of pressure control, signal measurement and blood pressure signal processing units. To verify the validity of the system, tests of characteristics evaluations for pressure measurement unit, extraction of characteristic ratios for blood pressure estimation, blood pressure tracking by oscillometric method were performed. A group of five adult male was selected for the clinical test of the implemented system. The results of the oscillometric method in comparison with auscultatory method are that the maximum ratios of PAD of average, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure are 1.38%, 1.63% and 2.97% with SEP of 5.00, 3.72 and 4.34.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2007.06a
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• pp.678-681
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• 2007

In this study, an implementation of a system for measuring more accurate blood pressure by non-invasive methods of oscillometric was performed. The system were composed of pressure control, signal measurement, blood pressure signal processing units and wireless sensor network parts. For verify the validity of the system, tests of characteristics evaluations for pressure measurement unit, extraction of characteristic ratios for blood pressure estimation, blood pressure tracking by oscillometric method were performed. A group of five adult male was selected for the clinical test of the implemented system. The results of the oscillometric method in comparison with auscultatory method are that the maximum ratios of PAD of average, systolic and diastolic arterial pressure are 1.38%, 1.63% and 2.97% with SEP of 5.00, 3.72 and 4.34.