• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2001.05a
• /
• pp.359-362
• /
• 2001

Analog communication systems using AM, FM modem have been developed. Digital communication systems using digital modems, which is by expansion of digital hardware skill have been recently developed. In order to accomplish a reliable communication it is important to overcome ocean environmental channel characteristics such as transmission loss, ambient noise and multipath effect etc. Specially, the effect of multipath is the most important element that determines the performance of underwater communication system in shallow water. Multipath channel can be divided a vertical and horizontal channel. the former is defined the channel to have large path-delay times between a direct wave and reflected waves. The latter shows relatively small path-delay times between a direct and reflected waves in compared with a vertical channel. In this paper, The performance of FSK, PSK and DPSK modem with respect to the vertical and horizontal multipath communication channels it described and compared.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.33 no.10C
• /
• pp.758-763
• /
• 2008

We introduce a noise-predictive turbo equalization using noise filter in perpendicular magnetic recording(PMR) channel. The noise filter mitigates the colored noise in high-density PMR channel. In this paper, the channel detectors used are SOVA (Soft Output Viterbi Algorithm) and BCJR algorithm which proposed by Bahl et al., and the outer decoder used is LDPC (Low Density Parity Check) code that is implemented by sum-product algorithm. Two kinds of LDPC codes are experimented. One is the 0.5Kbyte (4336,4096) LDPC code with the code rate of 0.94, and the other is 1Kbyte (8432,8192) LDPC code with the code rate of 0.97.

• Proceeding of EDISON Challenge
• /
• 2017.03a
• /
• pp.398-403
• /
• 2017

본 연구에서는 gate-all-around(GAA) 수직 나노선 Field-Effect Transistor(FET)의 소스/드레인 반도체/실리사이드 접합에 존재하는 Schottky 장벽이 트랜지스터의 DC특성에 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. Non-Equilibrium Green's Function와 Poisson 방정식 기반의 시뮬레이터를 사용하여, Schottky 장벽의 위치와 높이, 그리고 채널 단면적의 크기에 따른 전류-전압 특성 곡선과 에너지 밴드 다이어그램을 통해 분석을 수행하였다. 그 결과, 드레인 단의 Schottky 장벽은 드레인 전압에 의해 장벽의 높이가 낮아져 전류에 주는 영향이 작지만, 소스 단의 Schottky 장벽은 드레인 전압과 게이트 전압으로 제어가 불가능하여 외부에서 소스 단으로 들어오는 캐리어의 이동을 방해하여 큰 DC성능 저하를 일으킨다. 채널 단면적 크기에 따른 DC특성 분석 결과로는 동작상태의 전류밀도는 채널의 폭이 5 nm 일 때까지는 유지되고, 2 nm가 되면 그 크기가 매우 작아지지만, 채널 단면적은 Schottky 장벽에 영향을 끼치지 못하였다. 본 논문의 분석 결과로 향후 7 nm technology node 에 적용될 GAA 수직 나노선 FET의 소자 구조 설계에 도움이 되고자 한다.

• Solar Energy
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.29-41
• /
• 1999

Three-dimensional natural convective heat transfer in a vertical channel with a protruding single module was investigated experimentally. The particular interest was in the removal of thermal energy from the module by convective heat transfer. Hence radiative and conductive heat losses were estimated by using thermocouples and heat flux sensor respectively. The flow fields in the channel were visualized by means of a smoke-method. Also, local temperatures were measured by thermocouples inside the channel, along the vertical wall and module surface. It is found that convective heat transfer was promoted at the lower comer of the module and was decreased at the upper comer due to a recirculation zone. A general correlation of the critical channel ratios was found as a function of Rayleigh number. For the range of $8.28{\times}10^3<Ra^*_c<3.48{\times}10^6$, a useful correlation for the mean Nusselt number was proposed as a function of modified channel Rayleigh number.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 1999.11d
• /
• pp.971-973
• /
• 1999

채널길이에 따른 n-채널과 p-채널 poly-Si TFT's를 제작하고 그 전기적 특성을 분석하였다. n-채널과 p-채널소자는 공통적으로 기생바이폴라트 랜지스터현상(parasitic bipolar transistor action)에 의한 kink 효과, 전하공유(charge sharing)에 의한 문턱전압의 감소, 소오스와 드레인 근처의 결함에 의한 RSCE(reverse short channel effect) 효과, 수직전계에 의한 이동도의 감소, 그리고 avalanche 증식에 의한 S-swing의 감소가 나타났다. n-채널은 p-채널 보다 더 큰 kink, 이동도, S-swing의 변화가 나타났으며, 높은 드레인 전압에서의 문턱전압의 이동은 avalanche 증식(multiplication)에 의한 것이 더 우세한 것으로 나타났다. 누설전류의 경우, 채널 길이가 짧아짐에 따라 n-채널은 큰 증가를 나타냈으나 p-채널의 경우는 변화가 나타나지 않았다.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
• /
• v.35 no.11
• /
• pp.1119-1126
• /
• 2011

In conventional microchannel heat exchangers, only one kind of fluid (hot or cold) flows in each plate. The channels contain different kinds of fluid depending on the vertical position, but they have the same kind of fluid at all horizontal positions. Therefore, there is a slower heat transfer rate in the horizontal direction than in the vertical direction. We propose a microchannel heat exchanger in which hot and cold fluid flows alternately in each plate to improve the thermal performance. This novel channel array requires a special design for the inlet and outlet. The proposed channel array has a faster heat transfer rate than a conventional channel array. The thermal performance of the novel channel array increases with increasing Reynolds number and Prandtl number, but it decreases as the ratio of solid to fluid thermal conductivity increases.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
• /
• v.36 no.8B
• /
• pp.1021-1027
• /
• 2011

VHF is generally used for data or voice communications between ships and land stations. Although there exist many analytical and empirical channel models for radio waves on land, over-the-sea models are very limited to basic description. In this paper, a VHF channel is measured using vertical and/or horizontal whip antennas on shore and a moving ship for various ranges. The results show that the Doppler shift and changes in power for various ranges are observed. We can also find that the statistical analysis results in that the statistical parameters are rapidly changes, especially for V/H and H/V channels.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
• /
• 2001.07c
• /
• pp.1424-1426
• /
• 2001

본 논문에서는 채널과 드리프트 영역을 트랜치 안쪽에 형성하여 소자 크기를 줄임으로서 항복전압을 감소시키지 않고 낮은 온 저항을 얻을 수 있는 새로운 수직방향 채널 LDMOS(Lateral Double Diffused MOSFET)를 제안한다. 기존의 LDMOS 구조와 비교 할 때 동일한 60V의 항복 전압에서 소자 크기가 4${\mu}m$로 줄어들었고 이에 따라 온 저항은 절반의 수준으로 (0.45 m${\Omega}cm^2$) 감소하였다. 또한 소자 크기의 감소로 인해 전력용 집적회로를 구성할 때 집적도가 두 배 가량 증가하게 된다.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
• /
• v.7 no.1
• /
• pp.63-72
• /
• 1995

Convective heat transfer in a two-dimensional horizontal and vertical channel with isothermal rectangular beams attached to one adiabatic wall is investigated from the numerical solution of Navier-Stokes and energy equations. The solutions have been obtained for dimensionless beam spacings, S/L=1~4, aspect ratios of beam, H/B=0.25~4, Reynolds numbers, Re=50~1000 and Grashof numbers, $Gr=0{\sim}5{\times}10^4$. The total mean Nusselt number, Nu_T for horizontal and vertical channels shows same value at Gr=0. As Gr increases, Nu_T for horizontal channel increases, but Nu_T for vertical channel shows similar value at S/L=2, H/B=0.25, Re=100. The total mean Nusselt number for horizontal channel is higher than that for vertical channel. As H/B increases, $Nu_T$ for both channel decrease at $Gr=10^4$, Re=100.

• Tunnel and Underground Space
• /
• v.32 no.6
• /
• pp.451-463
• /
• 2022

Whenever a mineshaft accidentally collapses, speedy risk assessment is both required and crucial. But onsite safety diagnosis by humans is reportedly difficult considering the additional risk of collapse of the unstable mineshaft. Generally, drones equipped with high-speed lidar sensors can be used for such inspection. However, the drone technology is restrictively applicable at very shallow depth, failing in mineshafts with depths of hundreds of meters because of the limit of wireless communication and turbulence inside the mineshaft. In previous study, a three-dimensional (3D) scanning system with a single channel lidar was fabricated and operated using towed cable in a mineshaft to a depth of 200 m. The rotation and pendulum movement errors of the measuring unit were compensated for by applying the data of inertial measuring unit and comparing the similarity between the scan data of the adjacent depths (Kim et al., 2020). However, the errors grew with scan depth. In this paper, a multi-channel lidar sensor to obtain a continuous cross-sectional image of the mineshaft from a winch system pulled from bottom upward. In this new approach, within overlapped region viewed by the multi-channel lidar, rotation error was compensated for by comparing the similarity between the scan data at the same depth. The fabricated system was applied to scan 0-165 m depth of the mineshaft with 180 m depth. The reconstructed image was depicted in a 3D graph for interpretation.