• Current Industrial and Technological Trends in Aerospace
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.75-92
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• 2007

2002년 프론티어사업의 일환으로서, 10년간 1200억의 예산으로 미래형 신개념비행체 기술개발사업을 시작한 스마트무인기사업은, $2002{\sim}2003$년 수행한 개념연구를 통해 미래형 신개념 고속 수직이착륙 항공기 개념으로서 틸트로터 개념을 선정하고 이의 개발에 매진하고 있다. 사업단에서는 우선, 항공 선진국에서 지난 반세기 동안 시행한 다양한 비행체 개념연구결과에 대해 자체적인 비교 분석 및 국제공동 연구를 근간으로하여, 당시 틸트로터에 필적하는 가능성을 보였던 스탑트로터(보잉사), 복합자이로콥터(카터콥터사) 개념이 아닌, 틸트로터 비행체의 기술개발을 결정하게 되었다. 각각의 비행체 개념이 갖는 위험성과 도전성, 그리고 소요기술, 설계특성, 개발 위험도 등에 대한 면밀한 분석을 기초로 한 사업단의 체계적 의사결정은 주효했다. 스탑트로터개념은 비행시험의 잇단 실패와 지연/잠정 중단사태가 이어졌고, 복합자이로콥터 또한 잇단 비행사고로 2002년 기록한 148kts를 능가하는 고속성능 시현에 지금까지 실패함으로써, 실용화 가능한 고속수직이착륙기로서의 검증을 위해서는 해결해야할 기술적 과제가 많이 남아있음을 보여주고 있다. 반면, 틸트로터 개념의 경우 V-22의 설계 수정형에 대한 성공적인 비행시험완료 및 인증획득으로 전면양산승인이 2005년 결정되어 458대가 (미해병대(360), 해군(48), 공군(50)) 납품될 예정이고, 2010년 인증획득을 목표로 민수용으로 개발중인 BA609의 순조로운 비행시험진행, 무인기로 개발된 Eagle Eye 기술시현기의 비행 시험성공과 2003년 미 해양경찰청으로부터 Deep Water 프로그램의 장거리 순찰임무 주력기종 선정과 같이 군용, 상용, 무인용 고속 수직이착륙 시장의 전 방위적 진입이 현실화되고 있다. 이에 따라 항공업계의 반응은 2가지 방향으로 나뉘고 있다. 하나는 유럽의 ERICA 프로그램과 같이 틸트로터 기술 개발을 서두르자고 주장하는 방향이고, 다른 하나는 시콜스키의 X2 프로그램과 같이 틸트로터와는 차별화된 독자적인 고속 수 직이착륙 비행체 개념 개발을 시도하는 것이다. 이러한 배경으로 국내 독자적인 기술력으로 지난해까지 일구어낸 성공적인 스마트무인기 상세설계 종료 및 축소형 비행체 전환비행성공은 그 의의가 매우 크다고 할 수 있다. 본 논문은 틸트로터 개발사를 통해, 신개념 비행체 개발의 어려움과 교훈을 알아보고, 세계에서 2번째로 틸트로터 기술을 개발하고 있는 스마트무인기 사업의 현황과 기술적 특징 및 의의의 정리, 그리고 틸트로터의 대안으로 진행중인 새로운 고속 VTOL 비행체 연구현황에 대한 소개 와 간단한 기술적 평가를 포함시켰다.

• Archives of design research
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.25-36
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• 2004

The purpose of this study is to analyse and interpret the way of differentiated expression and changing creative trend following 5-day workweek which has been recently adopted. For this aim 11 pieces of distinctive advertising text were analysed. The criteria for selection of analysing text were relativeness with 5-day workweek and cognitive inconsistency. These texts were negative phrases, exaggerated expression, and excessively humorous appeals. The study revealed the followings: First, 5-day workweek concerned advertising texts were considered as high attention getting and successful in stimulating advertising audiences' curiosity by using the elements opposing the value and belief system formed in the existing audience. Second, consumption-driving lifestyle was found in most expressions for credit cards advertising. Third, hedonic need-oriented lifestyle was typical in young consumer products category. Fourth, family centered lifestyle emphasized meaning of rest and solidarity of family.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.406-420
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• 2009

European economic integration and geographical enlargement brought change in the intra-european trade flow and a trade structure. The first, an european enlargement contributes to the increase in intra-european trade, but its effect relatively becomes smaller successive enlargement. The second, the intra-industry trade increases in the intra-european trade according as an european economic integration and enlargement make possible the economy of scale. In the intra-industry trade, the horizontal intra-industry trade decreases and the vertical intra-industry trade increases. The third, the Western Europe's trade is generally an intra-industry trade, the trade of Southern Europe, Central and Eastern Europe is an inter-industry trade. But the South Europe's trade and Central and Eastern Europe's trade change from the inter-industry trade to the intra-industry trade.

• Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.119-131
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• 2004

A green market refers to a market that consists of environmentally aware consumers. A few researches have been carried out on the effects of environmental policy measures in a green market. These existing researches were based on a vertical differentiation model with firms' price-setting behavior, and derived that unit emission standard and environmental product taxes could not reduce the amount of pollution emission. This note considers a vertical differentiation model with firms' quantity-setting behavior, and shows that, contrary to the previous result, the amount of pollution emission is reduced by the introduction of unit emission standard. This implies the importance of the nature of firms' interaction in figuring out the pollution abatement effect of environmental policy measures in a green market.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.271-279
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• 2011

This study aims at searching the global strategy which can raise the competitive power of IEC(International Express Companies) in Korea analyzing and coping with the international express companies and global factor of promotion. The global strategy varialbe for IEC- invigorating in korea is composed with nine variables which is M&A strategy, Intergrated logistics enterprise strategy, Globalized alliance strategy, SCM stratege, the third party operating strategy, Total logistic operating system strategy, Differentiated service providing strategy, Phased market entry strategy, Core capability strengthen strategy. According to the result of study, the global strategy influence for the nature of international express company's and increasing competitiveness is depend on specialization strategy and using scale of economy for globalization strategy.

• Korea Trade Review
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.107-130
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• 2023

This study examines the economic effects of a developed country's minimum quality standards (MQS) and mutual recognition agreements (MRAs) between countries. Based on the results of such analysis, it also considers the optimal MRA strategy for South Korea. For this purpose, the paper constructs a simple three-country model in which the representative firms in each country supply differentiated goods to the developed country market. The analysis results are as follows: First, the rise in the MQS of a developed country intensifies the competition level, reduces the profits of all firms, and raises the developed country's consumer surplus. In addition, if one of the firms exits the market due to the MQS, competition is relaxed, and the profits of the remaining firms increase. Second, countries subject to MQS can improve their social welfare through the MRAs; thus, it is essential to utilize them strategically. In the case of South Korea, the optimal situation is to have an MRA with the developed country or for all three countries not to have any MRA.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Design Studies Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.66-67
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• 2005

기존의 데스크톱 컴퓨터가 고정된 공간에서만 사용되는데 반해 개인용 정보단말기(PDA)는 이동하면서 사용이 가능하다는 특징 때문에 소형화면과 작은 부피, 가벼운 용량의 특징을 지닌다. 그러나 이러한 제한된 화면에서는 한 번에 볼 수 있는 정보량이 적어 사용자 중심의 PDA용 GUI 아이콘 설계를 위해서는 우선 PC와 PDA간의 호환을 자유롭게 하는 인터페이스 디자인이 선행되어야 한다. 기존 소형화면에서는 한 번에 볼 수 있는 정보량이 적기 때문에 전체에 대한 개관이 불가능했고, 많은 정보를 담으면, 내용이해가 어려웠는데, 본 논문에서는 효율적인 GUI 아이콘 설계를 통해 정보의 ‘집중’과 ‘선택’ 이 가능한 PDA의 인터페이스 디자인을 알아보고자 한다. 대량 정보를 작은 화면에 종합적으로 담아내어 개관을 가능하게 하고, 정보의 내용과 가치를 아이콘의 크기와 색, 수직 혹은 수평적인 움직임 등의 시각화를 통해 차별화시킴으로써 개별 정보내용의 이해를 가능하게 한다. 앞으로 PDA와 PC의 표준화된 호환 가능한 브라우저가 모든 PDA에 기본 인터페이스로 장착된다면, 다른 매체들 간의 데이터 전송 시스템의 호환을 순조롭게 하여 경제적인 파급 효과 뿐만 아니라 차세대 이동통신의 영역까지 확장하여 산업적인 파급효과도 클 것으로 예상된다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.43 no.1
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• pp.7-15
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• 2020

It is a general phenomenon for manufacturers to provide vertically differentiated product line for more profit through improved market coverage. For such manufacturers, the compatibility between vertically differentiated products is an important decision issue. Some manufacturers provide full compatibility between high and low version products, whereas some provide only downward compatibility for the purpose of recommending high version product. In this study, the two representative compatibility strategies, full or downward, between vertically differentiated products produced by a single manufacturer are analyzed, especially under network externality and in the viewpoint of profit maximization. To do this we used a market model which captures the basic essence of vertical differentiation and network externality. Based on the proposed market model, the profit maximizing solutions are derived and numerically analyzed. The results can be summarized as follows : (1) Regardless of compatibility strategy, under network externality, vertical differentiation is always advantageous in terms of profit. (2) The full compatibility strategy is shown to be the most advantageous in terms of profit. In addition, it is necessary to make quality difference between differentiated products as wide as possible to maximize profit. (3) To gradually drive low version product out of the market and shift the weight pendulum of market to high version product, it is shown that the downward compatibility strategy is essential. Unlike intuition, however, it is also shown that in order to drive low version product out of market, it is necessary to raise the quality of the low version product rather than to lower it.

• Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.107-120
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• 2011

The increased availability of store brand suppliers now provides retailers with opportunities to create their own lines of vertically differentiated multiple store brands within a product category. As the number of store brands increase, the retailer's shelf space becomes more crowded, which may force the retailer to consider dropping some national brands from its assortment. Despite these trends, the problem of product line design in a vertically differentiated product category has been analyzed mainly from a manufacturer's perspective in the marketing literature and it is not known to what extent the findings of the existing product line design literature provide applicable strategic guidelines for the new problem faced by retailers. In this study, we address this deficiency in the literature and conduct an in-depth study of the retailer's strategic design of a line of store brands and its assortment decision within the context of retail category management. We analyze the retailer's decision about not only how to design a line of store brands but also which national brand to drop from its assortment. The results of our analysis are as follows. First, if the retailer has to drop one of national brands from its assortment, it is the best for the retailer to drop the low-quality national brand rather than the high-quality national brand. Second, the retailer has to position the high-quality store brand relatively close to the high-quality national brand, remained on its shelf, in terms of quality so as to maximize the size of retail margin from the national brand. On the other hand, the retailer should set the quality of the low-quality store brand at a lower level than that of the low-quality national brand to increase the total category demand by attracting more price sensitive consumers. By doing so, the retailer can also minimize cannibalization between two store brands. Lastly, our analysis shows that the introduction of a line of store brands improves consumer welfare by increasing real values of all products on the shelf.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.1-8
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• 2019

Network externalities are essentially dynamic in that the value consumers feel about a product is affected by the size of the existing customer base that uses that product. However, existing studies on network externalities analyzed the effects of network externalities in a static way, not dynamic. In this study, unlike previous studies, the impact of network externalities on price competition in a vertically differentiated market is dynamically analyzed. To this end, a two-period duopoly game model was used to reflect the dynamic aspects of network externalities. Based on the game model, the Nash equilibria for price, sales volume, and revenue were derived and numerically analyzed. The results can be summarized as follows. First, if high-end product has strong market power, the high-end product vendor takes almost all benefits of the network externality. Second, when high-end product has strong market power, the low-end product will take over most of the initial sales volume increase. Third, when market power of high-end product is not strong, it can be seen that the effects of network externalities on the high and low-end products are generally proportional to the difference in quality. Lastly, if there exists a strong network externality, it is shown that the presence of low-end product can be more profitable for high-end product vendor. In other words, high-end product vendor has incentive to disclose some technologies for the market entrance of low-end product, even if it has exclusive rights to the technologies. In that case, however, it is shown that the difference in quality should be maintained significantly.