• The Korean Journal of Franchise Management
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.45-69
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• 2011

A basic function of packaging is preservability, delivery, subdivision, aesthetic and serviceability on packaging. Originally, the function and necessity of packaging is on preservability, but today it is expending before. then packaging is focusing on sales promotion. Although it is hard to say production itself, it could does when it is made. also, it is important for product to be goods when packaging and its materials are identification on matching each other. The role of packaging design is a core factor that satisfy consumer a various of needs and wants. In the past, the role of food packaging design is just preservability and delivery on product. but then, nawaday it is asked a various role. Not only present products have to get inherency but also have added value. That is, advanced technologies, information, and richness from materials which are diversity for coming a extention of choice. currently, food packaging design shouldn't have stayed on just packaging which cover beautiful. Packaging design is a symbolic sign. It is importance for manager to do R&D, producing, and distribution, also for consumer who use and buy the product whether manager and consumer think package design is a main mediation. This day, food design pay attention to be asking consumer's a number of sensitivity. It is the reason that the package is importance and exist. This article is to examine preservability, delivery, subdivision, aesthetic, serviceability, and environmental orientation in order to develop and show a method and theories to find package design in food industry the reason that why sales promotion and its profit increase. Consequently, draw on the function of package design effects the benefit on product is distribution. Green Design on the food packages by combining recycled and biodegradable food packages for the development of practices and long life to the look of the food package design practices.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.226-233
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• 2023

High solar radiation in summer season causes excessive respiration of crops and reduces photosynthesis. In addition, the rainy season, which mainly occurs in summer, causes a low light condition inside the greenhouse. A low light condition can reduce crop growth and yield. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of shade and supplemental lighting on the growth and yield of cucumber during summer season. Cucumber grafted seedlings were transplanted in two plastic greenhouses on August 30, 2022. To reduce the light intensity inside the greenhouse, a 50% shading screen was installed in one greenhouse. Supplemental lighting was conducted from September 7, 2022 to October 20, 2022. HPS (high-pressure sodium lamp), W LED (white LED, red:green:blue = 5:3:2), and RB LED (combined red and blue LED, red:blue = 7:3) were used for supplemental lighting sources, and non-treated (nonsupplemental lighting) was as the control. The supplemental lighting was conducted before sunrise and after sunset for 2 hours with a photosynthetic photon flux density of 150 ± 20 µmol·m^-2·s^-1. The plant height, leaf length, leaf width, and SPAD value tended to increase in the shading group. RB LED increased stem diameter regardless of shading treatment. Fresh and dry weights of fruits were not significantly different in shading and supplemental lighting. Average fresh weight of fruits was not significantly different among supplemental lighting as the harvest date passed. In conclusion, in this study 50% shade treatment significantly improved the growth of cucumber during the summer season. In addition, the growth and fruit characteristics are better than the control without supplemental lighting. This study can be used as basic research data for applying supplemental lighting technology to cucumber cultivation.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.249-255
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• 2023

Korean melon (Cucumis melo L.) is grown mostly in Northeast Asia area, and as a fruit mainly produced in Korea, the yield per unit area continues to improve, but the cultivation method is limited to soil cultivation, so it is necessary to develop hydroponic cultivation technology for scale and labor-saving is needed. As the ratio of NO₃^- increased, the plant height, the leaf length, the leaf width, and the internode length became longer and larger. On the other hand, the SPAD value decreased. The lower the ratio of NO₃^-, the faster the female flower bloom, and there was no difference in fruit maturity between treatments. There was no difference in the shape of fruit according to the ratio of NO₃^-, and the hardness was higher as the ratio of NO₃^- was lower. The total yield from March to July was KM3 5,650 kg/10a and KM1 4,439 kg/10a, 27% higher in KM3 and, in particular, 36% higher in quantity from March to May, when Korean melon prices were high season. Therefore, it was judged that it would be appropriate to supply NO₃^- suitable for hydroponic cultivation of Korean melon, which was formalized in December and produced from spring, at the level of 6.5 to 10 me·L^-1.

• The Journal of Bigdata
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.111-129
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• 2023

With the diffusion of digital innovation, the adoption of innovative medical technologies based on artificial intelligence is increasing in the medical field. This is driving the launch and adoption of AI-based SaMD(Software as a Medical Device), but there is a lack of research on the factors that influence the adoption of SaMD by medical institutions. The purpose of this study is to identify key factors that influence medical institutions' decisions to adopt AI-based SaMDs, and to analyze the weights and priorities of these factors. For this purpose, we conducted Delphi surveys based on the results of literature studies on technology acceptance models in healthcare industry, medical AI and SaMD, and developed a research model by combining HOTE(Human, Organization, Technology and Environment) framework and HABIO(Holistic Approach {Business, Information, Organizational}) framework. Based on the research model with 5 main criteria and 22 sub-criteria, we conducted an AHP(Analytical Hierarchy Process) analysis among the experts from domestic medical institutions and SaMD providers to empirically analyze SaMD adoption factors. The results of this study showed that the priority of the main criteria for determining the adoption of AI-based SaMD was in the order of technical factors, economic factors, human factors, organizational factors, and environmental factors. The priority of sub-criteria was in the order of reliability, cost reduction, medical staff's acceptance, safety, top management's support, security, and licensing & regulatory levels. Specifically, technical factors such as reliability, safety, and security were found to be the most important factors for SaMD adoption. In addition, the comparisons and analyses of the weights and priorities of each group showed that the weights and priorities of SaMD adoption factors varied by type of institution, type of medical institution, and type of job in the medical institution.

• Journal of Dental Rehabilitation and Applied Science
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• v.38 no.4
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• pp.189-195
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• 2022

Purpose: For orthodontic bracket bonding, light curing resin cement is widely used because the process is convenient, and it can be polymerized at the desired time. This study compared the difference of bonding strength of orthodontic resin cement according to storage condition. Materials and Methods: After acid etching the bovine enamel surface with 37% phosphoric acid, 15 orthodontic brackets for mandible incisors were bonded with Ortho Connect and Orthomite LC according to following three conditions; 1) Immediate after 4℃ refrigeration for 3 months (IR), 2) One day room temperature after 4℃ refrigeration for 3 months (OR), 3) Room temperature for 3 months (RT). The shear bond strength was measured with a universal material tester and failure pattern of the specimen was observed. Two-way ANOVA and One-way ANOVA were used at the 95% significance level. Results: Ortho Connect that was applied immediately after refrigeration showed the maximum shear bond strength. Orthomite that was applied immediately after refrigeration showed the lowest shear bond strength, and the group stored at room temperature for three months showed the highest shear bond strength, and the difference between the two groups was significant. Conclusion: Ortho Connect can be used without worrying about bond strength even if it is used immediately after refrigeration, but Orthomite should be kept at room temperature sufficiently after refrigeration.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.263-271
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• 2006

The levels of total PCBs, Co-PCBs and PCDD/Fs in the transformer insulation oil samples obtained using GC/ECD and HRGC/HRMS were ranged from N.D. to 77.3 ppm, from 0.0863 to 2.49 ppm and from N.D. to 0.00241 ppm, respectively. In terms of WHO-TEQ values, Co-PCBs and PCDD/Fs were ranged from 23.3 to 600 pgTEQ/g and from N.D. to 128 pgTEQ/g, respectively (${\Sigma}Co$-PCBs+PCDD/Fs concentration was calculated 24.4~728 pgTEQ/g). Although, the contribution of PCDD/Fs was below 12% in total TEQ concentration, it is suggested contamination of PCDD/Fs in transformer insulation oils. Among 10 samples, 4 samples showed higher concentration than 2 ppm (specific waste criterion of Korea) and Aroclor 1242, 1248, 1254 and 1260 was detected in samples as a single or mixture of Aroclor. It was shown reliable relationship between concentration of Co-PCBs and those of PCDD/Fs (p<0.003), however, was not shown between production year of transformer and concentration of PCBs. The distribution pattern of Co-PCB congeners showed that the ratios of mono-ortho substituted congeners were higher than non-ortho substituted congeners. Among that, PCB-118 congener was predominant. In addition, the OCDD congener was predominated in PCDD/Fs congeners as above 53%. Moreover, the congener pattern of Co-PCBs was similar to that of Aroclor as well as ambient air, which suggested that PCBs volatilization from transformer insulation oil affected the pattern of Co-PCBs in ambient air.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.227-236
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• 2007

This study was carried out to estimate the contents of heavy metals (Hg, Pb, and Cd) in seaweeds (n=169) which are closely related to food resources. The contents of heavy metals in the laver were found as follows; Hg was highly detected in the east coastal area ($0.0509{\pm}0.0635mg/kg$), Pb in the south coastal area ($0.0509{\pm}0.0635mg/kg$), Cd in the south coastal area ($1.3785{\pm}0.7754mg/kg$). In the sea mustard, Hg was highly detected in the south coastal area ($0.0152{\pm}0.0116mg/kg$), Pb in the east coastal area ($0.1633{\pm}0.2888mg/kg$), Cd in the south coastal area ($0.7141{\pm}0.4952mg/kg$). In the sea tangle, Hg was highly detected in the south coastal area ($0.0177{\pm}0.0118mg/kg$), Pb in the east coastal area ($0.0728{\pm}0.1025mg/kg$), Cd in the south coastal area ($0.1640{\pm}0.1253mg/kg$). In the sea lettuce, Hg, Pb, and Cd were highly detected from the west coastal area. In the fusiforme, Hg and Cd were highly in the west coastal area, Pb in the south coastal area. In general brown algae showed the highest level of Hg, Pb, and green algae showed the highest level of Cd Additionally, the significant correlation was observed between Hg and Cd (r=0.513, p<0.01), between Cd and Pb (r=0.420, p<0.05). The weekly average intakes of Hg, Pb and Cd from seaweeds takes about 0.17~10.30 % of PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intakes) that FAO/WHO Joint Food Additive and Contaminants Committee has set to evaluate their safeties.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.17-24
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• 2023

A post-processing technique for the measurement signal of a solenoid-type sensor is introduced. The solenoid-type sensor nondestructively evaluates an external tendon of prestressed concrete using the total flux leakage (TFL) method. The TFL solenoid sensor consists of primary and secondary coils. AC electricity, with the shape of a sinusoidal function, is input in the primary coil. The signal proportional to the differential of the input is induced in the secondary coil. Because the amplitude of the induced signal is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the tendon, sectional loss of the tendon caused by ruptures or corrosion can be identified by the induced signal. Therefore, it is important to extract amplitude information from the measurement signal of the TFL sensor. Previously, the amplitude was extracted using local maxima, which is the simplest way to obtain amplitude information. However, because the sampling rate is dramatically decreased by amplitude extraction using the local maxima, the previous method places many restrictions on the direction of TFL sensor development, such as applying additional signal processing and/or artificial intelligence. Meanwhile, the proposed method uses amplitude demodulation to obtain the signal amplitude from the TFL sensor, and the sampling rate of the amplitude information is same to the raw TFL sensor data. The proposed method using amplitude demodulation provides ample freedom for development by eliminating restrictions on the first coil input frequency of the TFL sensor and the speed of applying the sensor to external tension. It also maintains a high measurement sampling rate, providing advantages for utilizing additional signal processing or artificial intelligence. The proposed method was validated through experiments, and the advantages were verified through comparison with the previous method. For example, in this study the amplitudes extracted by amplitude demodulation provided a sampling rate 100 times greater than those of the previous method. There may be differences depending on the given situation and specific equipment settings; however, in most cases, extracting amplitude information using amplitude demodulation yields more satisfactory results than previous methods.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.24 no.1
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• pp.77-83
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• 2009

This study was conducted to investigate the chemical composition and biological function of tea made from mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves. The antioxidant activities of tea made from mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves were determined by measuring their electron-donating ability based on their DPPH and nitrite-scavenging ability. The electron-donating abilities of tea made from mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves (500 and 1,000 ppm) as determined by DPPH assay were 45.6 and 85.1%, respectively. The nitrite scavenging ability of tea made from mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves (500 and 1,000 ppm) at pH 6.0 were 32.8 and 51.4%, respectively. Furthermore, the nitrite scavenging activity increased in a dose-dependent manner at all pH values. The effects of tea made from mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves on Male Sprague-Dawley rats were also evaluated. To accomplish this, the rats were divided into three groups (A: normal diet group, B: high fat diet group and C: high fat diet supplemented with tea made from mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves group). The anti-obesity effects of tea made from mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves were then evaluated. The serum total lipid, total cholesterol and triglyceride contents in C group were lower than those of B group; however, these differences were not statistically significant. The HDL-cholesterol content was significantly higher in the C group than in the other groups. Taken together the results of this study suggest that tea made from mountain-cultivated ginseng leaves possesses antioxidant activity and improves lipid metabolism.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.363-371
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• 2023

To construct a ship, blocks of various sizes must be moved and erected . In this process, lugs are used such that they match the block fastening method and various functions suitable for the characteristics of each shipyard facility. The sizes and shapes of the lugs vary depending on the weight and shape of the block structures. The structure is reinforced by welding the doubling pads to compensate for insufficient rigidity around the holes where the shackle is fastened. As for the method of designing lugs according to lifting loading conditions, a simple calculation based on the beam theory and structural analysis using numerical modeling are performed. In the case of the analytical method, a standardized evaluation method must be established because results may differ depending on the type of element and modeling method. The application of this ambiguous methodology may cause serious safety problems during the process of moving and turning-over blocks. In this study , the effects of various parameters are compared and analyzed through numerical structural analysis to determine the modeling conditions and evaluation method that can evaluate the actual structural response of the lug. The modeling technique that represents the plate part and weld bead around the lug hole provides the most realistic behavior results. The modeling results with the same conditions as those of the actual lug where only the weld bead is connected to the main body of the lug, showed a lower ulimated strength compared with the results obtained by applying the MPC load. The two-dimensional shell element is applied to reduce the modeling and analysis time, and a safety working load was verified to be predicted by reducing the thickness of the doubling pad by 85%. The results of the effects of various parameters reviewed in the study are expected to be used as good reference data for the lug design and safe working load prediction.