• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.496-500
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• 2009

소하천은 하천 네트워크의 최상류에 넓게 소재하는 하천이다. 본 연구의 목적은 올바른 소하천 수생태계 관리방안을 도출하기 위하여 소하천의 건강성을 분석하고 현행 소하천 관리제도의 개선점을 모색하는 것이었다. 본 연구에서는 다음과 같은 분석방법을 이용하였다. 첫째, 2007년 한강수계 소하천 28개 지점에서의 부착조류($DAI_{PO}$, TDI), 저서성 대형무척추동물(KSI), 어류(IBI), 서식환경, 수변환경 등 6개 항목에 대한 수생태 건강성 조사결과를 토대로 공간적 분포와 수질현황을 조사하여 소하천에 대한 종합적인 건강성 평가를 실시하였다. 둘째, 분석대상지역을 각각 소하천 구간스케일(28개 지점)과 유역스케일(팔당호, 안성천 유역)로 선정, 하천차수도(1:25,000)를 활용하여 해당 구간과 유역의 소하천도를 작성하였다. 셋째, 작성된 소하천도 는ArcGIS(ver. 9.3)에서 30, 60, 90, 120, 150-m Buffering을 하였다. 다음으로 소하천 구간은 중분류(23개 항목, $2000{\sim}2006$ 또는 2007년) 토지피복도를, 팔당호 및 안성천 유역의 소하천은 대분류(8개 항목, $1975{\sim}2000$년) 토지피복도를 적용하여 분류항목별 면적변화비율을 산정하였다. 끝으로 소하천 정비에 대한 제도적 문제점을 분석하여 소하천 관리의 개선점을 연구하였다. 그 연구 결과, 첫째 연구대상 소하천(28개)의 건강성은 도심 소하천에서 가장 낮게 조사되었고, 일부 소하천은 비록 상류에 위치함에도 불구하고 부착조류의 유기물, 영양염류 평가가 낮게 평가되었다. 둘째, 소하천 구간 스케일의 수변토지피복변화 분석결과 소하천 수생태 건강성은 거시적으로 산림, 도시화, 밭 등의 피복변화에 민감한 것으로 나타났으며 도시화 피복변화의 영향은 수변 30m에서 60m보다 3배 정도 큰 것으로 나타났다. 유역 스케일 분석에서는 상대적으로 도시화가 많이 진행된 안성천 유역의 소하천이 팔당호 유역보다 낮은 건강성일 것으로 예측되었다. 결론적으로 적절한 소하천 수변관리는 지역 하천의 건강성을 온전히 회복시키고 개선 유지하기 위한 중요한 수단들 중에 하나이며 수변토지피복의 변화율은 (소)하천 건강성 또는 유역관리의 지표로 활용될 수가 있는 것으로 조사되었다. 이와 더불어 본 연구를 통해 소하천 복원 및 관리는 소하천 특성을 고려한 장기적인 계획과 관리대상의 우선순위를 바탕으로 점진적인 대안마련이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.669-678
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• 2021

This study surveyed three land cover types in Chungju City in Chungcheongbuk Province to check the distribution of cultured bacteria in bio-aerosols according to land cover type. It was possible to compare and analyze the distribution of bacteria according to microclimatic changes at each measurement point by examining meteorological factors and bio-aerosols according to land cover. The microclimate temperature in each measurement point was 8.7℃ for the urban forest, 10.8℃ for the waterside green area, and 10.2℃ for the urban area, indicating the urban forest had the lowest temperature among the measurement points. The relative humanity was 61.8% fin the urban forest, 59.3% in the waterside green area, and 55.7% in the urban area, indicating that the urban forest was the most humid among the measurement points. The identified bacteria were found to be 43 genera and 99 species. In terms of species diversity of cultured bacteria, 22 genera were found in the waterside green area, 21 genera in the urban forest, and 17 genera in the urban area, 37 species were found in the waterside green area, 31 species in the urban area, and 31 species in the urban forest. Bacillus toyonensis and Pseudarthrobacter oxydan were the species present in all three types of measurement sites, and Herbiconiux flava was confirmed to inhabit green areas such as urban forests and waterside green areas. The analysis result of the bacterial concentration according to the microclimatic environment in each measurement point was 333 CFU/m³ in the urban forest, 287 CFU/m³, in the waterside green area, and 173 CFU/m³ in the downtown area. The relative humidity and wind speed were analyzed to show a similar trend as the concentration. This study is expected to provide basic data for healthy urban management and green area creation by identifying the distribution of cultured bacteria in bio-aerosols according to land cover type and comparing and analyzing the traits of bio-aerosol in each measurement point.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.1819-1823
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• 2007

유역에서 상류 유역 또는 수변을 따라 자연 자원을 이용하여 조성되어야 할 완충지대는 비점오염의 영향을 줄이기 위한 중요한 최적 관리공법이다. 교란된 토지 피복과 수변 완충지대를 관리 및 복원할 때 같은 지형조건이라도 식생 종류, 발달정도, 토양조건에 따라 오염물 제거효과가 다를 수 있으며, 최소 완충지대 길이도 제거 오염물질 대상별로 적합하게 설계되고 해석되어야 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 용담댐 유역에서 SWAT 모델을 이용하여 식생 완충지대의 비점오염원 저감 모의 재현성을 평가하는 것이였다. 소유역의 관측값과 모델 예측값에 대한 모델의 검 보정이 선행되었으며 그 중에서 가장 높은 모델 효율을 가지는 소유역에서 three zone concept의 90m 수변완충지대를 지방하천을 경계로 하여 토지 피복도를 변화시켜 SWAT 모델에 적용하였다. 이 때 교목으로는 포플러 (Populus, 30m)을 적용하였고, 포플러의 높이 및 Leaf area index를 조정하여 관목 지대(30m)에 입력하였다. 잔디 지대(30m)는 자연초지를 선택하였다. 또한 지형변수(average slope)와 Manning's coefficient을 수변완충지대의 조건에 고려하여 변화를 주었고 이에 따른 유출량 및 유사량, T-N, T-P의 변화율을 조사하였다. 또한 5, 10, 30m의 식생 여과대를 밭 지역에만 적용하여 오염물의 저감 효율을 평가하였다. SWAT 모델은 각 소유역에서 발생된 전반적인 유출량과 수질변수의 추세를 잘 예측하였으며 정자천 소유역이 선택되었다. 모의된 완충지대에서는 연평균 940 m3/ha의 유출량이 감소되는 것으로 유사농도는 28.7 %의 저감효과를 보였다. 그러나 T-N, T-P의 농도는 오히려 증가되었는데 본 연구에서 고려된 보다 수변완충지대를 조성할 때 지하수 수위, 식생 성장변화 등과 같은 보다 정확한 설계 인자 산출 및 모델 DB 개발이 유역모델에 포함되어야 할 것으로 판단되었다.한 해결책을 얻어내는 상호보완적인 결과를 추구한다. 그가 디자인하는 작품은 전형적인 이미지를 내포하지 않는다. 즉 그의 작품은 기존의 가치와 이념적인 것은 배제하고, 창의적인 개념을 도출하였다.형모서리는 건물 특화 성격이 강하므로 불가피할 경우 소형 액센트 광고 위치를 미리 벽면으로 할애하는 것이 경관 및 입면계획에 유리한 것으로 분석되었다. 불확실도 해석모형 등의 새로운 기능을 추가하여 제시하였다. 모든 입출력자료는 프로젝트 단위별로 운영되어 data의 관리가 손쉽도록 하였으며 결과를 DB에 저장하여 다른 모형에서도 적용할 수 있도록 하였다. 그리고 HyGIS-HMS 및 HyGIS-RAS 모형에서 강우-유출-하도 수리해석-범람해석 등이 일괄되게 하나의 시스템 내에서 구현될 수 있도록 하였다. 따라서 HyGIS와 통합된 수리, 수문모형은 국내 하천 및 유역에 적합한 시스템으로서 향후 HydroInformatics 구현을 염두에 둔 특화된 국내 수자원 분야 소프트웨어의 개발에 기본 토대를 제공할 것으로 판단된다.았다. 또한 저자들의 임상병리학적 연구결과가 다른 문헌에서 보고된 소아 신증후군의 연구결과와 큰 차이를 보이지 않음을 알 수 있었다. 자극에 차이가 있지 않나 추측되며 이에 관한 추후 연구가 요망된다. 총대장통과시간의 단축은 결장 분절 모두에서 줄어들어 나타났으나 좌측결장 통과시간의 감소 및 이로 인한 이 부위의 통과시간 비율의 저하가 가장 주요하였다. 이러한 결과는 차가운 생수 섭취가 주로 결장 근위부를 자극하는 효과를 발휘하는 것이 아닌가 해석된다. 이와 같은 연구결과를 통해 생다시마를 주원료로 개발된 생다시마차와 생다시마 음료가 만성 기능성 변비 증세를 개선하는 효능이 잠재적으로 있음을 확인하였다. 그러나 생약제재의 변비약 수준으로 변비 개선 효능을 증대하기 위해서는 재료 배합비의 개선이나 대장 운동기능을 향상시키는 유효성분의 보강 등이 필요하다는 점도 알 수 있었다.더불어 산화물질 해독에 관

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.74-83
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• 2005

The Riparian Buffer Zone has many potential values including the preservation of water quality as well as being ecologically friendly. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the landscape structure index of the Riparian Buffer Zone in the Kyoung-an stream and to produce base information necessary for proper management. The study used aerial images that were applied to geometric corrections for a time series from 1966 to 2000 for land data and also used FRAGSTATS, which is a type of ARCVIEW extension module, as an analysis tool. An analysis of land use change and the Landscape Index revealed that the area of farm land has decreased and that the area of residential property has increased. In addition, there was a slight change for land used for purposes other than farming or for residence. The results of analyzing the Landscape Structure Index, revealed that the NP has increased from 437 in 1966 to 695 in 2000. This data reveals that the change of land use is influenced by various artificial factors. The NPS, which represents the declining degree of patch, decreased from 9.441 to 5.934, revealing that the change of land use has been progressing considerably. In regard to forest areas, land use reduced somewhat but did not indicate a significant change. Therefore, an analysis of the total index reveals that the edge of patch has become more complicated and that the variation index of patch has increased significantly. However, this study reveals that barriers to block pollution have weakened as a result and that there is a need to concentrate on the implementation and the management of the Riparian Buffer Zone. Consequently, this study reveals that substantial research is necessary in order to carry out the proper management of the Riparian Buffer Zone, especially in light of the distribution type of each patch and the change in conditions regarding them.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.65-77
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• 2012

This study examined changes in land cover for the past 25 years in Busan and subsequently evaluated heat island potential by using land surface temperature and observation temperature data. The results were as below. The urban area of Busan increased by more than 2.5 times for the past 25 years from 1975 to 2000. It was believed that an increase in the pavement area of city within such a short period of time was an unprecedented phenomenon unique to our country. It could be assumed that urban heat island would be worsened through this process. After analyzing the land temperature according to the land cover, it was shown that there were noticeable changes in the temperature of urban & built-up and mountain & forest areas. In particular, the temperature rose to $36{\sim}39^{\circ}C$ in industrial areas during the summer, whereas it went down to $22{\sim}24^{\circ}C$ in the urban areas at whose center there were mountains. It was found that heat island potential according to the level of land cover had various values depending on the conditions of land cover. Among the areas of urbanization, the industrial area's heat island potential is 6 to $8^{\circ}C$, and the residential and commercial area's is $0{\sim}5^{\circ}C$, so it has been found that there is high possibility to induce urban heat islands. Meanwhile, in the forest or agricultural area or the waterside, the heat island potential is $-6{\sim}-3^{\circ}C$. With this study result, it is possible to evaluate the effects of temperature increase according to the urban land use, and it can be used as foundational data to improve urban thermal environment and plan eco-friendly urban development.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.35 no.6_4
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• pp.1351-1361
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• 2019

In this study, the annual surface soil erosion amount of before (2007 year) and after (2015 year) the river improvement projects were calculated using RUSLE (Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation) in the Geumgang basin (Daecheong-Dam to Geumgang Estuary-Bank). After the results were classified into five classes, the results were compared and analyzed with the results of the change in the land cover. In order to generate each factor of RUSLE, various spatial information data, such as land cover maps for 2007 and 2015 years, national basic spatial information, soil map, and average annual precipitation data were utilized. The results of the analysis are as follows: 1) annual surface soil erosion in the study area increased the area of class 1 in 2015 years compared to 2007, 2) the area of class 2, 3 and 5 decreased, 3) the area of class 4 increased. It is believed that the average annual amount of surface soil erosion decreased in most areas due to the reduction of annual average precipitation, the formation of ecological parks, the expansion of artificial facilities, and the reduction of illegal farmland.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.72-87
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• 2022

For the sustainable development and conservation of the national land, planned development and efficient environmental conservation must be accompanied. To this end, it is possible to induce development and conservation to harmonize by deriving factors affecting development through analysis of previously developed areas and applying appropriate management measures to areas with high development pressure. In this study, the relationship between the area where the land cover changed from forest to urbanization and various social, geographical, and restrictive factors was implemented in a regression formula through logistic regression analysis, and potential development sites were analyzed for Yongin City. The factor that has the greatest impact on the analysis of potential development area is the restrict factors such as Green Belt and protected areas, and the factor with the least impact is the population density. About 148km²(52%) of Yongin-si's forests were analyzed as potential development area. Among the potential development sites, the area with excellent environmental value as a protected area and 1st grade on the Environment Conservation Value Assessment Map was derived as about 13km². Protected areas with high development potential were riparian buffer zone and special measurement area, and areas with excellent natural scenery and river were preferred as development areas. Protected areas allow certain actions to protect individual property rights. However, there is no clear permit criteria, and the environmental impact of permits is not understood. This is identified as a factor that prevents protected areas from functioning properly. Therefore, it needs to be managed through clear exception permit criteria and environmental impact monitoring.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.296-304
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• 2011

This study was carried out to investigate the relation between water quality and structure of the aquatic ecosystem in the Lake Gachang from February to December in 2010. The annual mean COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) in Lake Gachang was 3.5 mg $L^{-1}$, indicating, level II of environmental standards and the trophic state was mesotrophic. The seasonal succession of phytoplankton showed that Bacillariophyceae was mostly dominant species throughout the year except August. In case of zooplankton, rotifers dominate in the most seasons, but copepod (Nauplii) in August. The macrophyte plants showed diverse species composition consisted of 9 varieties, 77 species, 64 genera, 34 families and 24 orders. Surveyed species of macroinvertebrates were classified into 1 phyla, 2 classes, 4 orders, 7 families, 9 species. The macroinvertebrates showed FFG (Functional Feeding Groups) such as GC (Gathering-Collector) and SH (Shedder). A total of 42 species of fish was collected including $Zacco$ $koreanus$ and $Coreoperca$ $herzi$. In this study, we investigated environmental factors including pollutant source, load, water quality and distribution characteristics of biota such as phytoplankton, zooplankton, macrophyte plants, macroinvertebrates, fish.