• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.3
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• pp.5-29
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• 2010

This study examines the welfare dynamics in Korea under the scheme of National Basic Livelihood Protection Program(NBLP). Data are drawn from Korean Welfare Panel study 2005~2007. Main findings are summarized as follows. First, the exit probabilities show a declining tendency with time on welfare increases. If the exit probabilities indeed decline over time, the earlier years on welfare deserve more interest in the policy perspective. Moreover, the vast majority of recipients are long-termers. Further efforts are needed to increase self-sufficiency through providing genuine opportunity and necessary support for recipients. Second, out-of-poverty exit and out-of-system exit are quite different in their properties. The results from the multivariate analysis confirm that the dropouts through out-of-system exit are virtually the same with those who remain on welfare. These results imply that the government should not resort to the negative policy proposals such as time limit and strengthening sanctions. Third, several explanatory variables have anticipated effect on welfare exit probabilities. Age, education, health, marital status, the presence of children, employment status have a certain level of impact on exit, with the only exception of gender. Since the identification of the determinants can facilitate sensible targeting on the potential leavers, these results have some implications on policy proposals.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.62 no.4
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• pp.249-274
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• 2010

This study examines a casaul relationship between depression and welfare transitions of the National Basic Likelihood Protection Program. From a social selection perspective, prior high levels of depression are likely to select people into welfare or serve as a barrier to leaving welfare. From a social causation perspective, entering or exiting welfare can change the levels of depression. These hypotheses were tested using KOWEPS(Korean Welfare Panel study) 2005~2007. The results are as follows. First, entering welfare clearly increases the levels of depression. The increased economic stress resulting from falling into poverty seems to play a major role in the negative effect of welfare entry. Second, exiting welfare does not decrease the levels of depression. However, when welfare exits are classified into distinctive categories, welfare exit combined with concurrent poverty exit is likely to decrease the levels of depression. Third, high levels of depression clearly increase the probability of entering welfare regardless of the prior poverty status. Fourth, high levels of depression do not decrease the probability of exiting welfare, but rather increase the probability of an administrative disentitlement which leads to even worse economic conditions after exiting welfare. One implication of these findings is that negative policies such as time limit and strengthening sanctions can increase the number of welfare cyclers who are able-bodied but mentally weak.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.83-107
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• 2011

This study examines the duration dependence in the exit rate from National Basic Livelihood Protection Program(NBLP). If the length of time on welfare is negatively correlated with the exit rate after controlling for 'unobserved heterogeneity', the observed declining exit rates would provide evidence of true duration dependence. Data are drawn from Korean Welfare Panel study 2005~2008. A variety of discrete-time hazard models are estimated, including parametric/nonparametric hazard model, gamma frailty hazard model/mass point technique model. It is found that welfare dynamics in Korea does not show strong evidence of duration dependence after controlling for unobserved heterogeneity. All the models estimated show that this finding is quite robust. The observed declining exit rate is largely due to differences in the unobservable characteristics of recipients. Thus, the detrimental effect of the welfare on the preference and attitude among recipients is not likely to be strengthened as time on welfare increases.

• Korean Journal of Social Welfare
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• v.66 no.3
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• pp.185-208
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• 2014

This study is to identify the factors deterring or precipitating the exit from welfare recipiency to labor market in the Korean social assistance program. The results from the empirical analyses of the Korea Welfare Panel Study(KOWEPS) show that the duration dependency is not due to increasing welfare dependency with duration, but to the fact that longer stayers have many vulnerable conditions to escape from poverty. Particularly, the main factors determining the transition from recipiency to labor market are not individual or household characteristics such as human or social capital. Those having adolescents of secondary education in their households or participating in some effective labor market program such as job placement service tend to have significant effects on the exit rates from recipiency. That means that the institution-related factors such as the education and health supports combined with benefits and the effective labor market programs are important in the translation from recipiency to labor market of working-age recipients in the Korean social assistance scheme.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.91-134
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• 2010

This study examines job transition process and its lahor market performance by reasons of job separation, using the Employment Insurance DB(2000~07). The findings show that involuntary job changers lend to suffer greater loss in job spell and real wage than voluntary job changers, which seems to reflect their characteristics such as lower quality of job matching due to unsystematic job search, negative signaling effect in the labor market and decreasing availability of human capital in previous job. In addition, unemployment benefit eligible for involuntary job changers tends to prolong the period of unemployment, while increasing job spell in the following employment.

• 재활복지
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.127-149
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• 2013

This study analyzed the hazard of unemployment and the influencing factors on the rate. Data came from the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled(PSED), 2010-2012, which is a longitudinal survey for 5,092 disabled people in Korea. For the main purpose of this study, the life-table method was used for describing the patterns of unemployment duration by disabled, and the cox proportional hazard model was used to identify significant factors on the unemployment duration. The results were as follows. First, according to the life table analysis, the unemployment rate to remain until the longest period of unemployment(25month) is 90.5%, and the rate of entry into the labor market was only 9.5%. Overall, the unemployment maintenance rate was high, the unemployment escape rate decreased after 12month. Second, looking at the results from the cox proportional hazards model, the unemployment escape possibility were increased for those who are male, are non-public benefit recipient with disability, have mild disability, and have less discrimination experiences. With these results, disability discrimination act which can reduce the disability discrimination in employment site should be strengthened. Also, the scheme of Nation Basic Protection Program should be modified to attract the employment of recipients with disability. Finally, policy targets having employment escape difficulty, such as women with disability, people with severe disabilities should be departmentalized. And employment service is provided in accord with the individual needs and characteristics.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 1999

한국은 지난 1960년대 이후 실업률이 추세적으로 하락하여왔기 때문에 실업구조, 직업탐색에 대한 관심이 비교적 적었으나 최근의 고 실업률은 이에 대한 연구의 필요성을 제고시키고 있다. 기존의 연구들은 저 실업률 시기의 자료를 사용한 것이므로 1998년의 고 실업률 자료를 활용한 연구는 다른 연구결과를 가져올 것이다. 이 글은 고 실업률 시기로 진입한 지 1년이 되는 98년 11월말 광주광역시에서 실시된 상시고 실직자에 대한 설문조사자료를 이용하여 고 실업률 시기의 실직자의 직업탐색과 실업기간을 분석하였다. 본 연구결과는 기존의 연구결과와 많은 부분에서 일치하지만 한국에서 대량실업은 처음 겪는 상황이므로 이전의 연구결과와 다르거나 새로 확인된 사실들도 몇 가지 있다. 연구결과를 요약 정리하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 비자발적 이유에 의한 실직자가 약 70%를 차지하고 구인배율이 아주 낮아 최근의 실업은 수요부족에서 발생한 것이라고 할 수 있다. 따라서 임금을 낮추고 희망하지 않는 직종 산업 종사상 지위로 하향 구직을 하고 있었다. 둘째, 고실업률이 장기화되면서 나타난 현상으로는 구직경로가 다양해졌고, 유보 임금 및 수락임금이 전직임금보다 약 20% 하락함으로써 임금이 신축적임을 보여 주었다. 그러나 고실업 사태를 급작스럽게 맞이하면서 이전임금에 대한 집착이 강하여 하락폭은 충분히 신축적이었다고 보기는 어렵다. 셋째, 실업보험수급자는 유보임금 하락률이 높았고 실업 탈출률도 높았다. 이것은 직업탐색이론과 상반된 결과로 노동수요부족사태를 처음 겪으면서 노동시장에 대한 정보가 모든 실업자에게 동일하지 않고, 실업보험수급자가 보다 완전한 정보를 가지고 있으며, 실업보험지급에 따른 구직독려 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 넷째, 기존 연구들과 마찬가지로 유보임금은 전직 임금에 크게 의존하였으며 실업기간에 대한 해자드 분석에 의하면 유보임금의 대리변수인 전직임금이 낮을수록, 구직을 적극적으로 할수록 탈출률일 높았다. 인적속성으로는 인적자본축적이 많고 다양한 취업정보를 접할 수 있는 고학력자의 탈출률이 높았다. 다른 나라에 대한 기존 연구의 근속기간이 긴 남성 실업자는 실업기간이 길었지만 여기서는 반대의 결과가 나왔다. 그것은 기업의 도산 등에 따른 실직자의 경우 유용한 인적자본 보유자가 많고 축적된 자산으로 자영업으로 탈출할 확률이 높기 때문인 것으로 해석된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2012.05a
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• pp.91-92
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• 2012

본 연구는 기초생활수급자 외에 복지 사각지대에 있는 차상위 계층 대상의 경제와 교육생활실태 그리고 복지욕구를 파악하여 사회복지전달체계의 복지안전망을 구축함으로써 기초생활수급자로 전락되지 않도록 하기 위한 연구이다. 이를 위해 경기도 고양시 거주민 중 차상위 계층 주민 408명을 대상으로 조사한 결과, 경제부문 중 전세금과 생활비 지출 부담으로 경제적 지원, 교육부문 중 양육비와 교육비 지원, 복지욕구 부문 중 방과후 교실과 무료 및 치과진료, 명절지원, 취업연계 및 교육서비스, 후원금 지원 등에 대한 욕구가 높았다. 따라서 차상위 계층에 대한 지역사회보호체계 확충과 서비스 대상자의 역량강화 모색, 가족구성별 맞춤형 프로그램 개발 및 운영 확대, 빈곤탈출을 위한 지원서비스 확대가 이루어질 수 있도록 사회변화에 맞는 사회복지정책 방향이 모색되어야 할 것이다.

• 월간낙농육우
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.101-104
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• 2016

국내 우유소비 둔화와 수입 유제품 급증으로 우유수급 문제가 좀처럼 개선될 기미가 보이지 않아, 낙농가들의 어려움이 지속되고 있다. 이에 대한 대책마련을 위해 정부, 학계, 생산자단체 모두가 나서서 고민하고 있지만 아직 뾰족한 수를 찾지 못하고 있는 상황에서, 한국낙농육우협회는 최근 '국내산 자연치즈 활성화 방안'이란 연구 과제를 통해 국내 원유 소비 확대방안을 모색했다. 이번 연구 과제를 수행한 퓨처앤테크놀로지 권영웅 대표를 만나 '자연치즈 활성화'를 통한 국내 낙농산업의 위기 탈출 해법을 대해 들어봤다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.222-235
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• 2020

This study examines the poverty progress and its factors which drove the lives of the middle-aged men in Chokbang area. The observed examples are the retired government officials and the self-employed who have been classified as the ones in the economically-middle class but currently as the welfare recipients. According to the results of in-depth interview and observation, the poverty of the observed has undergone the progress of trigger, worsening, breakup, desperation and stabilizing stages. The poverty factors found in this study could be categorized into two factors; circumstantial factors(bankruptcy after IMF, debt guarantee for relatives) and inner factors(the participants' behavior and characteristics). The circumstantial factors worked mainly in the trigger stage and the inner factors contributed to worsening economic crisis and facilitating the progress. According to the result, this study suggests not only individual-scale measures such as encouragement of familial bond or medical treatment of the alcoholism but also social measures including proper regulation of shark loan and opportunity supply to exit from poverty.