• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.237-244
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• 1997

A 14-year old boy was admitted with stuporous mentality. CT scan, MRI and cerebral angiogram revealed SAH and a giant aneurysm of right middle cerebral artery($4{\times}5{\times}5.3cm$). To minimize surgical risk, endovascular treatment was done with MDS(mechanical detachable system)-spiral coil. Follow up MRI showed intraluminal thrombus formation of the aneurysm.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.204-208
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• 1995

Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage is frequently associated with birth trauma or perinatal hypoxia. Hemorrhagic necrosis of the adrenal glands is often found at autopsy and many small lesions are usually asymptomatic. A palpable abdominal mass and jaundice are the usual presenting signs. Ultrasound is very useful in the diagnosis of this lesion; however, if the mass has mixed echoic pattern, magnetic resonance imaging (MRl) is helpful for the differential diagnosis from neuroblastoma. We present the case of a female newborn who was found to have a abdominal mass on physical examination. The patient showed anemia and hyperbilirubinemia. An ultrasonogram disclosed a $3.8{\times}3.0$ cm suprarenal mass with mixed echoic pattern. The mass was initially suspected to be neuroblastoma. An abdominal computed tomogram was not able to differentiate the mass. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed markedly increased signal intensity on T1 and T2-weighted sequences. This finding was consistent with adrenal hemorrhage. Serial sonogram demonstrated the mass that resolved completely by 12 weeks of age.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.200-203
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• 1995

Splenic tuberculosis is an uncommonly considered diagnosis in clinical practice. This is a case report of splenic tuberculosis in a 13-year-old boy who was seronegative to HIV. He was just well until 7 days prior to this admission when he started to feel epigastric and left subchondral pain. Chest X-ray was not pathological. Abdominal ultrasonography showed slight splenomegaly with multiple hypoechoic nodules and abdominal CT disclosed multiple irregular hypodense lesions in the spleen. Radiological interpretation suggested the possibility of lymphoma or metastatic malignancy. Splenectomy was done and the histopathological findings showed extensive chronic granulomatous inflammation compatible with tuberculosis. Splenic tuberculosis must be included in the differential diagnosis of hypoechoic and hypodense lesions by means of sonography and computed tomography, respectively.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.28-31
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• 2012

Pencils are common instruments for children to use and play with. This report describes an unusual penetrating orbitocranial injury in a 5-year-old girl who was struck in her facewith a pencil. She was holding it at a desk, and her friend pushed her back. The pencil penetrated the left lower eyelid and went deep into the right frontal lobe through the base of the skull. It was removed at the emergency room, after which brain CT was performed to detect the development of an intracranial hematoma. No complications occurred after conservative management with antibiotics and an antiepileptic drug. Pencils can be hazardous to children, and a penetrating head injury with a pencil may be managed without cranial surgery.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 2004

Visceral lipoma originating from the mesentery is very rare in childhood. A 29-month-old male presented with painless abdominal distension. Abdominal ultrasonography and CT revealed a huge multilobulated hypodense mass in the peritoneal cavity. Exploratory laparotomy showed a $26{\times}25{\times}5cm$ sized encapsulated, lobulated, homogenous mass, which originated from the transverse mesocolon. Histologic examination revealed a lipoma. The postoperative course was uneventful.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.53 no.5
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• pp.666-668
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• 2010

Pyogenic liver abscesses are rare in children. In pediatric patients, altered host defences seem to play an important role. However, pyogenic liver abscess also occurs in healthy children. We experienced a case of pyogenic liver abscess in a healthy immunocompetent 10-year-old-girl. The patient presented two distinct abscesses: one subphrenic and the other intrahepatic. The intrahepatic abscess resolved with percutaneous drainage and 3 weeks of parenteral antibiotic therapy but the subphrenic abscess which could not be drained needed prolonged parenteral antibiotic therapy in addition to oral antibiotic therapy. We performed follow-up serial CT scan of the abscess cavity to decide on the duration of antibiotic therapy. Here we present this case with a brief review of the literature.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.79-84
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• 1995

Two cases with papillary cystic neoplasm of the pancreas are reviewed and discussed. Up to recently, the tumors have been misclassified as nonfunctioning islet cell tumor or carcinoma, acinar cell carcinoma, papillary cystadenocarcinoma, or pancreatoblastoma. It frequently has been managed with aggressive surgery such as pancreatoduodenectomy. The tumors are well encapsulated and the cut surfaces are characteristically solid and hemorrhagic. Ultrasonography and CT scan are the most useful tools for the diagnosis. The neoplasms usually behave like a very low grade malignancy, so complete removal is the treatment of choice for the tumor arising anywhere in the pancreas. We have a boy and a girl who have papillary cystic neoplasm. The boy was 12 years old and the girl was 14 years old. Both underwent distal pancreatectomy and the progress were uneventful. We have a boy and a girl who have papillary cystic neoplasm. The boy was 12 years old and the girl was 14 years old. Both underwent distal pancreatectomy and the progress were uneventful.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.30-36
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• 2007

Intestinal malrotation is usually asymptomatic and most often is found during abdominal exploration for other surgical diseases. However, a serious complication of intestinal malrotation, midgut volvulus is a true surgical emergency of childhood. The clinical findings, diagnostic procedures, treatment, and prognosis of midgut volvulus were reviewed by a retrospective study. Between 1980 and 2005, 29 patients with midgut volvulus ranging in age from 1 day and 15 years were treated at HanYang University Hospital. Seventy-nine percent of the patients presented before 1 month of age. Midgut volvulus occurred 2 times more frequently in male. The clinical findings were bilious vomiting (96.6 %), irritability (34.5 %), abdominal distention (13.8 %), abdominal pain (10.3 %), and palpable abdominal mass (6.9 %). The diagnosis was made by abdominal simple x-ray (17.2 %), upper gastro-intestinal contrast study (37.9 %), abdominal sonogram (20.7 %), abdominal CT (3.4 %), and abdominal exploration (20.7 %). Among the 29 patients, 5 patients developed gangrene of small intestine due to strangulation and underwent resection of bowel. Two patients died due to sepsis.

• Advances in pediatric surgery
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.73-79
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• 2009

Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor is a rare sex-cord stromal tumor of the ovary. They make up less than 0.5 % of all ovarian tumors. We experienced a case of an ovarian Sertoli-Leydig cell tumor in a 4 year-old girl who presented with nausea, vomiting, and lower abdominal pain of 2 days' duration. On physical examination, there was mild tenderness in the right lower quadrant of the abdomen. Abdominal ultrasonography and computed tomography (CT) scan revealed a pelvic mass measuring $5{\times}3cm$ that appeared to arise from the right ovary. At exploratory laparotomy, a $6{\times}5{\times}3cm$ solid right ovarian mass without torsion was found. A right salpingo-oophorectomy was performed. The postoperative course was uneventful. The child was discharged 5 days after surgery.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.45 no.8
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• pp.1043-1047
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• 2002

Phlebectasia is an abnormal dilatation of an isolated vein and a rare venous anomaly and is usually asymptomatic. Clinically internal jugular phlebectasia is a self limited benign condition and usually no treatment is required after initial diagnosis. So suspection of this disease and appropriate diagnostic approaches are essential to avoid unnecessary surgical intervention. We present three cases of internal jugular phlebectasia of which diagnosis was made by neck sonography and CT.