• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2013.04a
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• pp.33-34
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• 2013

최근 우리 사회는 다양한 환경변화와 산업화 및 경제발전이라는 미명하에 그간 쉽게 생각한 것들이 이제는 새로운 사회의 문제로 이슈화 되고 있다. 그중 상가 밀집지역 및 주택가 등의 화재로 인한 피해가 가중되고 있으며 이러한 화재의 초기 대응이 원활하지 못할시 피해는 가중되어 상상을 초월하며 이러한 다양한 화재 예방 및 대응을 위한 이동형 수막설비와 모바일 소방장비의 도입이 좁은 통로길 화재예방 및 피해 저감을 위한 길이라 모색되어 연구를 하고자 한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.43-53
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• 2007

In this research, in order to more concretely define the concept of the previously vaguely defined fire road, the authors propose new terminology called disaster prevention routes. These are defined as predefined access routes for the quick response to disaster areas. For this, the authors suggest selection techniques for disaster prevention routes considering characteristics of fire trucks and selected areas. The paper also includes legally-based ideas for the executive departments with exclusive responsibility for continuous management and supervision of disaster response. In addition, a case study is performed with a virtual scenario including the outbreak of fire in one borough of Seoul. This case study shows that the damage can be decreased by prompt access of fire trucks. The establishment of predefined access routes to disaster areas can help to protect citizens with more rapid response by emergency crews. Indirect benefits also include reduced congestion of roads through the prohibition of parking and stopping on the chosen roads.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.74-81
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• 2011

The numerical analyses for three different shafts in geometry of high buildings were carried out by using computational fluid dynamics model (FDS ver.5.3) for the calculation of the pressure difference and the location of the neutral plane and the visualization of stack effect. At 10 seconds of stack effect, the pressure difference of stack effect in the elevator shaft (79.3 Pa) almost corresponded to the theoretical value (78 Pa). At 300 seconds of stack effect, all the neutral planes of three cases were located about 49 m above floor, where was 5 m higher than the theoretical value. The maximum pressure difference between upper and lower position of shaft decreased with increasing of the geometrical complexity of shaft. This study showed that there was the difference of the stack effects among the geometries of shafts with the visualization of stack effect.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.303-310
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• 2010

기존 건축물은 현행 소방법 및 건축법을 소급해 적용할 수 없다는 이유로 비상용승강기와 제연설비가 설치되어 있지 않는 경우가 상당수 존재한다. 이렇듯 화재에 취약할 수밖에 없는 기존 건축물에서 화재가 발생했을 때 소방대 진입 및 구조활동이 가능한 통로를 확보하는 것이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 이러한 관점에서 기존 건축물의 화재안전성능 개선에 따른 부담을 최소화하는 방안으로 승강로 급기가압 방식을 제시한다. 먼저, 수직통로를 통한 연기 확산에 무방비 상태인 기존의 고층 건축물의 문제점 및 화재사례를 분석하고, 국내외 비상용승강기 및 제연설비 관련 법규 현황을 비교분석하였다. 그리고 NIST의 Contam을 이용한 시뮬레이션을 통하여 승강로 급기가압 전과 후의 층별 차압을 비교함으로써 승강로 가압이 연돌효과에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.143-152
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• 2009

The numerical analyses for each single simplified shaft with three type openings were carried out by using computational fluid dynamics model for the calculation of the pressure difference and the location of the neutral plane and the visualization of stack effect. As the height of shaft heighten, the pressure difference of stack effect is much deviated against the theoretical value. For the Type A models shorter than 30 m height of shaft and the Type B models longer than 30m, the simulation results for the location of the neutral plane are well agreed to the theoretical values with 5% less deviations just after the beginning of simulation (t = 10s). For the Type B models longer than 30m with multiple openings, therefore, it is possible to calculate the location of the neutral plane by using a CFD model. The phenomenon of the air flow of stack effect can be easily understood with the visualization of stack effect.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.173-177
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• 2008

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.765-778
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to prevent fire accidents in advance by deriving prior knowledge among groups about temporary fire-fighting facilities of workers at construction sites and devising appropriate improvement measures. The findings are as follows.First, in the case of fire extinguishers, statistical attention was paid to the contractor, supervisor, partner worker and fire extinguisher manager between designations. 87% of fire managers and 70% of facility supervisors said fire extinguisher management managers needed to be designated for each type of construction, which requires designation of fire extinguisher management managers, frequently checking and relocating. Second, in the case of simple fire extinguishing facilities, statistical attention was paid to the application of penalties for unauthorized use of fire extinguishing facilities with construction companies, supervisors, and business partners.Third, in the case of emergency alarm measures, statistical attention was paid to the application of emergency alarm sound to temporary broadcasting facilities with construction works, supervisors, and business partners.Fourth, in the case of induction, statistical attention was paid to the application of connection between construction works, supervisors, and partner workers, such as passage guidance, emergency lighting, etc.It was found that 65% of construction workers and 55% of electrical workers had different applications such as aisle guidance and emergency lighting for each type of business partner. In order to resolve blind spots such as evacuation zone guidance due to the structure of the building, it is necessary to easily distinguish the direction of the entrance door from a long distance by applying it in conjunction with passage guidance lights and emergency lighting.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.20 no.4 s.64
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• pp.1-12
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• 2006

In this study, CFD computer simulations by FDS are carried out in order to confirm the performance of the combined operation of both sprinkler system and smoke curtain of 0.54 m depth installed for cooling and blocking the smoke which propagates beneath the sloped ceiling of a stairway corridor of which dimensions are 17.92 m long, 4.00 m wide, and 6.12 m high. It is shown that the response time of sprinklers decreases with fire size and it increases more about 1.1 second in case without smoke curtain than in case with smoke curtain, that the time of smoke transport from the fire source to the stairway outlet decreases considerably with fire size, and that the delay effect of smoke transport is not related to the sprinkler system, whether it is operated or not. This study shows that the combined operation of both sprinkler system and smoke curtain is very effective in smoke cooling, but it is a little for effect on smoke blockage. Although the hazard of skin burn due to radiative heat flux from hot smoke layer is decreased by spray cooling effect, the hazard of smoke suffocation and the weakening of visibility is increased by smoke downdrag and the turbulence of smoke-air mixing due to water spray. These conditions may result in preventing occupants from going out of the stairway during evacuation.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

This study conducted Testing, Adjusting, and Balancing (TAB), which is a type of field performance evaluation experiment of a zone smoke-control system, at a railway underground transit passage installed with a zone smoke- control system to find problems and improvements for ensuring performance. TAB for the smoke control system was classified into several procedures, such as design data review, duct leakage test, field measurement of the airflow rate, velocity of the fan and duct, and a smoke test. Through the duct leakage test, the system leakage ratio was examined to prove the duct sealing. The iImprovement of the smoke control airflow problems due to the lack of fan static pressure loss was the secured performance. The performance of the smoke control fan was secured by improvements of the smoke control airflow rate problems caused by the loss of static pressure in the intake duct. The smoke test in the smoke control zone confirmed that the damper operating schedule subject was influenced by natural wind or train wind.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.419-425
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• 2021

This study analyzed the safety of evacuation according to the number of exits and the direction of evacuation routes with evacuation simulations of the Pathfinder in case of a fire at a highway service area. It was also analyzed of the difference in RSET by comparing the single or double types of the exit of a facility. The results were as follows. When only one direction exit was opened, all of the RSET were exceeded. When two or more different directions were opened according to the general principle of evacuation, all results met the RSET. The simulations showed that two or more different directions were more shortened in RSET than the one same direction. The result of the types of doors showed that the single type door was shortened in RSET rather than the double type doors. For the evacuation safety in a fire at the highway service areas, firstly, it is necessary to secure two or more exits in a fire at all times. Secondly, the exits should not be same directions. Finally, it is suggested that the exit should be installed with a single type of door.