• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.02a
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• pp.124-129
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• 2006

음악은 소리를 즐긴다는 뜻을 담고 있다. 감상자에게 단순한 청각적 자극을 넘어 즐거움을 주기 위해선 음악적인 경험이 뒷받침되어야 한다. 가상 현실을 이용한 사용자와 시스템 간의 상호작용을 음악 경험 제공에 접목하려는 시도는, 새로운 경험을 통해 일반인들이 보다 쉽게 음악을 접하고 체험함으로써 음악을 통해 즐거움을 얻을 수 있도록 도움을 주는 데에 그 목적이 있다. 가상 오케스트라를 구현하고 지휘 동작을 재현하는 것은 이러한 가능성을 극대화하는 연구이다. 본 논문에서는 가상 오케스트라를 구현하기 위해 필수적인 중간 단계로, 사용자의 지휘 동작을 감지하여 연주의 박자(속도)를 제어하는 지휘 시뮬레이션 시스템을 제시한다. 실제의 지휘 동작을 분석하고, 동작의 변화를 인식하기 위하여 가속도 센서를 이용, 공간상에서 지휘봉의 움직임을 가속도 정보로 수집하여 이에 상응하는 박자의 제어를 구현한다. 사용자의 박자 명시에 따라 변화하는 상하 방향의 가속도를 센서를 통해 전압 신호로 입력 받고, DSP 의 A/D conversion 모듈에서 디지털 신호로 변환, 일정 수준 이상의 신호를 박자 정보로 직렬통신을 통해 컴퓨터에 전달한다. 컴퓨터에서는 Max/MSP를 이용하여 각 박자 사이의 시간 간격을 측정하고 상응하는 MIDI 음악을 재생하는 방식으로 시스템이 구현된다. 기존 연구에서 사용된 CCD 카메라에 의한 Motion Tracking 을 보완하여 동작의 크기에 따라 음량을 조절한다. 본 논문에서 제시되는 시스템은 지휘 동작에서 가장 특징적으로 나타나는 상하 방향의 급격한 가속도 변화를 직접 입력 받기 때문에 기존 시스템에 비해 지휘 동작의 인식 성공률을 높일 수 있으며, 화상 처리 및 계산에 의한 지연을 최소화할 수 있다. 또한, 장치의 규모를 소형화하여 보다 지휘봉의 형태에 가까운 인터페이스를 제공하며, 적합한 응용 콘텐츠를 접목할 경우 게임 컨트롤러로의 발전 가능성이 있다.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.213-221
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• 2010

Recently, as the scale of the cultural content business market is being growed, it required that we should introduce the Korean music culture which is unique and competitive cultural contents to the worldwide. This paper proposes a Samulnori Ensemble System (SES), using a touch interface which plays the Korean traditional musical instruments. A SES consists of the Control Device which supports touch functions, the Performance Manager that detects signals from the Control Device and plays a melody, and the Communication Manager making a ensemble among the possible devices. Also, using the Network Time Protocol which is part of Synchronization Manager can be paly different speed communication environments. We utilized multi-touch functions to operate the system. We also implemented multi-touch interface and multi-play with other player for fun and interesting who are not interested Samulnori.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 2016

The purpose of this study intend to develop the automatic voice system for language communicating over foreign patients in testing of magnetic resonance imaging. Used sentences for the automatic voice system was selected with twelve sentences and five foreign languages in hospital in use. These translated texts were provided free of charge from Oddcast's website, which is recorded each language-specific voice as Wav files, The recorded audio file were produced by the two types of a power-point show of MS-office 2013(extension; ppsx) form and Web-enabled system using the PHP program to be applied in the mobile phone environment. It is considered to relieve the stress about an language barrier to medical technician and the voice system designed with the variable language will be enhanced the diagnostic information on foreign patients. Because automatic voice system designed for this study can enhance the understanding of test in between korean medical technician and foreign patients, It will be expected to utilize more usefully in clinical practice.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.1293-1300
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• 2018

The $360^{\circ}$ video has a lot of image information and usefulness; however, the position of the audio source judged by hearing is different from the position on the screen. Therefore, human feels tired, the immersion decrease and user cant watch the video for Moreer time. In this paper, the concordance rate of the video and the audio localization is defined. The rate is expressed in a percentage. It means how much the system makes the sound localization real according to the position of the source on the screen. With this rate, the audio localization performance of immersive audio producing and playing system can be evaluated. It will be helpful for developers to make the higher performance system and expected to contribute to make makinguality system with reality.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.23 no.8
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• pp.889-895
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• 2019

It is not easy to keep time promises in the complex daily lives. Especially, the increase in the number of vehicles causes traffic congestion in commuting time, which results in the delayed arrival and varies greatly depending on the weather conditions. In this paper, proposed is a smart alarm clock that automatically adjusts the alarm time according to weather conditions and suggests ways to deal with traffic congestion. The proposed smart alarm clock is designed to operate the functions of a normal alarm clock using touch functionality. In addition, it is designed to find weather information using open API and to automatically change alarm time to prepare for expected time delay. The proposed design was implemented based on Arduino Mega2560 and a touch TFT-LCD. WiFi module for internet connection, RTC module for clock function and MP3 player module for alarm sound playback were used together. The proposed design has been filed as a patent and is currently under review.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.854-860
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• 2020

Deep neural networks have shown remarkable performance in various areas, including image classification and speech recognition. The variety of data generated by augmentation plays an important role in improving the performance of the neural network. The transformation of data in the augmentation process makes it possible for neural networks to be learned more generally through more diverse forms. In the traditional field of image process, not only new augmentation methods have been proposed for improving the performance, but also exploring methods for an optimal augmentation policy that can be changed according to the dataset and structure of networks. Inspired by the prior work, this paper aims to explore to search for an optimal augmentation policy in the field of sound data. We carried out many experiments randomly combining various augmentation methods such as adding noise, pitch shift, or time stretch to empirically search which combination is most effective. As a result, by applying the optimal data augmentation policy we achieve the improved classification accuracy on the environmental sound classification dataset (ESC-50).

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
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• v.28 no.7
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• pp.610-617
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• 2009

An overview of various modes and tools of MPEG Surround is provided Because the binaural mode of MPEG Surround supports the virtual 5.1-channel playback based on HRTFs, it can be played via headphones and earphones for portable audio devices. MPEG Surround also supports the enhanced matrix mode which converts stereo signals to 5.1-channel signals without side information, the 3D stereo mode which deals with 3D-coded signals, the low power version which greatly reduces the computational load in the decoding process. Besides, MPEG Surround provides the arbitrary downmix gains (ADGs) tool which is applied to artistic downmix signals, the matrix compatibility tool which is applied to downmix signals by conventional matrix-based methods, the residual coding tool -which can be used at high bit rates, and the GES tool which is applied to specific sound such as applause. The listening test results by various companies and organizations are also presented for important modes and tools.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.64-75
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to illuminate the meaning of the soundscapes of two bells, Daeheung-dong Cathedral and Sungsimdang in Eunghang-dong, which are landmarks and attractions in the historic downtown of Daejeon. The study was conducted through field research and recordings, as well as literature studies of related documents and soundscape theory. Daejeon city was developed along with Daejeon Railway Station during the Japanese colonial period in the early 20th century. As the Chungnam Provincial Office moved to Daejeon, Daeheung-dong and Eunhang-dong in Jung-gu, located near Daejeon Station, developed significantly and formed the city centre. As major administrative agencies moved to Seo-gu in the 1990s, the downtown area of Daejeon was on a path of decline, and the decline accelerated with the development of Sejong city. Meanwhile, Daeheung-dong Cathedral and Sungsimdang, founded by refugees during the Korean War, firmly protected the historic downtown area of Daejeon, where the natives left. Daeheung-dong Cathedral, established during the Japanese colonial period, is a local landmark with a history of 100 years in 2019. Sungsimdang, which was created with the backdrop of the Korean War, is also a historical and cultural asset with a history of 60 years and a local landmark selected as the No. 1 tourist attraction in Daejeon. This research, which started from the sound of the bells of Daeheung-dong Cathedral, heard even in the neighboring residential areas, led to the discovery of the bells of Sungsimdang in Eunhang-dong, located across the street. In this paper, the bells of Daeheung-dong Cathedral and Eunhang-dong Sungsimdang have characteristics of soundmarks according to R. Murray Schafer's soundscape sound category. Furthermore, this paper attempted to analyze the meaning of the two bells according to the relatively recent EU soundscape definition. These two bells are signal sounds at the surface level, but are the sound marks of the historic downtown area of Daejeon at the deep level. Although there are outward differences in size, scale, frequency, and famousness, these two bells share a meaning in terms of locality and good influence with the historicity and spatiality of a special relationship. The implication of this study is that the two places should be preserved as local historical and cultural assets not only as visual landmarks but also as sound marks in the urban regeneration or urban development of Jung-gu, Daejeon.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.22-32
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• 1985

Optimum pasture management during the summer season is an important factor to maintain good regrowth and persistence of pasture in Korea. This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of the cutting management on the dead plant, weed appearance, regrowth and carbohydrate reserves in stubble, and dry matter yield of tall fescue dominated pasture during the mid summer season. For the test, a split plot design with 4 replications was treated with 2 different the third cutting times (July 12 and Aug. 4) as the mainplots, and 3 different cutting heights (3, 6 and 9 cm) at the third cut as the subplots, and the experiment was done at the experimental field of the Livestock Experiment Station, in Suweon, 1984. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Considering the meteorological conditions during the experimental period, the temperature was a little higher by $2^{\circ}C$ than that of average year, especially the first and second decade of August were high. And the precipitation of 1984 tended to be low when compared with the average year. 2. Temperature of soil surface and underground tended to increase by $1-3^{\circ}C$ as the stubble height was low during the summer season. 3. Regrowth leaf length and leaf area after the third cut increased significantly with the high cutting height at the third cut. 4. A significant higher total nonstructural carbohydrate (TNC) content in stubble after the third cut was observed in the high stubble cut on July 12. The results indicate that the high stubble height reserves more carbohydrates for early regrowth stage after the third cut when compared with the low stubble. On Aug. 4, however, the recovery of TNC contents after the third cut was not effective due to high temperature and rainfall. 5. The percentage of dead plant after the third cut was found to be high with the low cutting height during the mid summer season (p<0.05). 6. With the low stubble height on July 12 cut, it was appeared that the percentage of weed was significantly increased (p<0.05), and main weeds appeared after the third cut were Echinochloa crusgalli>Digitaria sanguinalis>Cyperus iria>Rumex crispus, and so on. In case of cut on Aug. 4, weed appearance was no difference at three cutting heights. 7. Dry matter yield at the third cut was increased in the plot of cutting on Aug. 4 and stubble height (p<0.05). However, yields at the fourth and fifth cut were increased with high stubble height (p<0.05), regardless of harvest time. 8. In total dry matter yield after the third cut, there was no significant difference between the cutting time and forage yield. However, total yield on July 12 was increased with the high stubble height (p<0.05). 9. From the above results, it is suggested that the 9 cm cutting height during the mid summer season is the most effective for good regrowth, weed control and forage yield of tall fescue dominated pasture.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.427-447
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• 2011

In global, there is an active movement to reduce the green house gas. Allowance and carbon tax are the one of effective alternatives to mitigate green gas effect. In addition, the clean development machinism(CDM) can be applied between the ANNEX 1 and developing countries. It could be an one good solution to reduce the GHG. In the Northern Asia, the CDM can be the one of the possible solution to reduce the GHG because the Japan has a responsibility to reduce GHG and the China and Korea have a room to supply CDM credit. It is suffice to say that if these three countries decide to collaborate, the new international carbon market can be established that can be the similar form of EU-ETS. It is clear that few barriers must be removed to launched such new form of carbon market. Protection of domestic technology, excessive financial request of business opportunities by CDM, and irrational needs of carbon credit that created by CDM, listed constraints define as an one single word, the national selfishness. Once it is cleared, there is high possibility that the Northern Asia CDM trading system can be launched.