• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.237-240
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• 2005

Nowadays living space has been small-sized due to a rise in the standard of living, change of recognition on the increase of housing for the singles, and frequent movements of duty place, etc. and the furnitures naturally evolved assembly and multi-functionality. However, it retuned with an economic charge in the consumers and lost the uniformity in a small-sized living space as well since the furniture depended on the each miscellaneous household goods or products and came to be used. Hereupon it was demanded the system where the various furnitures are to fit to here. This study aimed at this point firstly examined a new environment change which it follows till a small living space is demanded through lots of literature, after understanding the concept of the system furniture, I classified expressive types of system furniture in modern environment and analyzed the design quality and characteristics in it by selecting well-known furniture magazines inside and outside of the country and extracting and analyzing system furniture images which are recorded in advertisements or articles. The objective of this study is to present MMC(Multi Modular Coordination, a system furniture design based on this analysis that inquiring the problems with function, structure, assembly which other existing system furnitures are facing enabled to apply a basic data in unit-module planning and by sampling embodiment modeling by uses.

• Resources Recycling
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.56-62
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• 2000

This study was introduced an amalgamated septic tank system using mineral sintered body was made from non-metallic minerals with a ability being attached or accelerating a vitality of soil microorganism for the effective wastewater treatment. Experimentally, we made an amalgamated septic tank appling anaerobic-aerobic process experimental facilities to two personal houses for handling a residental sewage directly on a small scale from the place of origin. The results are shown as follows; The COD\ulcorner and BOD of effluent were about 10 mg/l after the treatments and T-N removal efficiency was 60-70%. Moreover these results suggested the possibility of denitrification without adding organics and more than 80% of T-P removal also showed the possibility of wastewater treatment biologically.

• Journal of the HCI Society of Korea
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.33-38
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• 2008

The major users of children's library are children and housewives. Recent increasing frequency of their visit to the library expands the function of it from the place where they borrow and read books further to the cultural space where each family unit can enjoy leisure activities. Though the children's library basically is a quiet place for reading books, peers' establishing friendship and emotional bond with the parents, and such plays as small scale muscular movements take place in addition to reading activities because the major users are infants under six or children in the lower grades in elementary school. Thus, in order to study the features and requirements that are inherent in the various behaviors of the children who use furniture, understanding of the particular factors in the physical environment of the children's library and the user context must precede. In reality, though the fixed form of the desks and chairs in the library was made by a small number of designers, a large number of children are using them in tremendously various ways beyond the ways that the designers had intended, adapting themselves to the environmental context. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to find out the children's using way of seats when they do reading and playing activities based on the way of interaction between children and parents, and, after modeling of the children's behavior data, to understand the demands inherent inside the various behaviors of children who use furniture.

• Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.249-259
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• 2013

잠비아의 농업지원프로그램에서 여성농가의 경우 남성농가에 비해 각종 혜택에서 소외받고 있다는 지적이 많다. 본 연구는 소규모 여성농업인이 옥수수 씨앗이나 비료 등의 농업투입요소에 대한 보조금의 혜택에서 어느 정도 차별을 받고 있는 지를 잠비아의 농업투입지원프로그램을 사례로 검증하고자 한다. 즉 농업투입요소 보조금에 대한 성차별의 영향을 주는 요인을 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구 목적을 달성하기 위하여 관련 문헌조사가 선행되었고, 잠비아 마자부카지역의 소농가 100가구를 대상으로 설문조사를 실시하였으며 빈도분석, T-test 및 분산분석 등을 실시하였다. 그 결과 농경지의 소유 유무나 규모가 중요한 요인 중의 하나로 나타났다. 남성농가의 경우 여성농가에 비하여 자가농이 많았으며 농지 소유 규모 또한 큰 것으로 나타났다(남성농가: 평균 2.03ha, 생산량 4.43Mt, 여성농가: 평균 1.63ha, 생산량 3.15Mt). 기아의 경험 정도는 여성농가에 비해 비교적 남성농가가 높게 나타났으며, 옥수수 생산에 있어 같은 양의 투입요소라고 하더라도 여성농가가 남성농가에 비해 식량 안보력이 높은 것을 의미한다. 그러나 남성농가에 비해 여성농가의 낮은 수입이 결국 농업투입요소의 접근에 장애가 되는 중요한 요인이라 할 수 있다. 이와 같은 남성농가와 여성농가의 농업투입지원프로그램에 대한 불공평성의 문제를 해결하기 위해서는 정부 정책가들의 인식의 변화가 무엇보다도 중요하고, 여성농가를 위한 농업정보나 농작물 재배지식 등의 전달 및 훈련 등에 대하여 보다 적극적이고 체계적이며 계획적인 접근 노력이 필요할 것으로 사료된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.6-6
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• 2017

본 연구의 목적은 독립적으로 수행되어진 하천 복원 가치추정 선행연구들을 대상으로 메타회귀분석을 활용한 편익이전을 제시함으로써, 편익이전의 타당성 및 적용 가능성을 검토하는 데 있다. 문헌검색을 통해 '하천 가치평가', '하천 가치', '물 환경 가치추정', '하천 편익' 등에 관한 자료를 수집하였으며, 총 60편의 연구를 수집했다. 그 중 중복된 연구를 제외하고 가치추정 단위를 '원/년/가구'로 통일함으로써 51편의 연구를 분석에 사용했으며, 90개의 가치 추정치가 실증분석에 사용되었다. 본 연구는 국내에서 수행된 하천 복원 가치 추정연구를 집대성하여 DB를 구축하고 요약통계량을 중심으로 선행연구 결과를 기술하였으며, 메타회귀분석을 실시한 후, policy site의 특성과 조건에 맞게 함수를 조정하고, 조정된 함수를 사용하여 policy site의 가치를 예측하였다. 종속변수로는 총 가치(원/년/가구, 2015년 불변가격)가, 독립변수로는 하천유형, 위치, 규모, 환경 서비스특성, 그리고 방법론 특성, 지불형태, 대상지 사회경제적 특성 변수들이 포함되었다. 모형의 추정결과 조정된 값은.420으로써 종속변수 총변이의 42.0%를 모형이 설명하는 것으로 나타났다. 메타회귀분석을 통해 본류에서 멀어지는 소규모하천일수록 하천의 경제적 가치를 더 크게 느끼는 것으로 나타났으며, 전체적인 영향력 크기를 고려해 본다면 하천을 복원할 때 수질정화기능, 서식지기능, 이수기능, 치수기능, 여가 및 수변공간으로의 기능 순으로 고려하는 것이 하천의 가치를 보다 높일 수 있을 것으로 보였다. 또한 지불방법은 매월, 인당 지불하는 것으로 제시할 때 경제적 가치 추정치를 높일 수 있는 것으로 해석되었다. 모델추정 결과를 활용한 함수이전에서는 만경강의 특성을 반영하고 조정함으로써 만경강의 가치를 추정하였으며, 모형으로부터 얻은 만경강 가치 예측치는 가구당 매년 41,214원으로 추정되었다. 본 연구의 메타회귀분석은 선행연구를 객관적으로 종합할 수 있는 분석의 틀로서 충분한 활용 타당성이 인정되는 것으로 보이며, 편익이전 시에 policy site의 자원특성과 조건에 맞춰 함수를 조정하여 예측치를 제시함으로써 메타회귀분석 함수이전의 융통성을 보여주었다. 이에 메타회귀분석을 통한 편익이전은 타당성 및 적용 가능성 측면에서 긍정적으로 판단된다.

• Korea journal of population studies
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.139-173
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• 1996

This study is an attempt to identify factors affecting korean immigrants concentration in small business enterprises in the middleman minority sector including the priphery and core sectors, with the private wage and self-employed worker examined in each sector, employing the 5 percent public use sample from the 1980 United States census. One out of five koreans aged 25∼64 years is engaged in self-employed small businesses, while the majority of koreans (4 out of 5) are in the private wage sector. In contrast to expectations, English language difficulties and inferior education are not the prime factors affecting self-employment small businesses. The korean self-employed small business owners both in the periphery sector and in the core sector showed the 'middle' strata of their position in the social structure in terms of their industry, occupation, earnings, etc.

• Land and Housing Review
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.247-257
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• 2014

This study proposes a new housing need and demand assessment model centering on small-scale housing development projects and happy house development projects that reflected the recent changes in rental and small sized apartment centered public housing policies and development paradigms. The housing need and demand assessment model of public housing development projects consists of quantitative evaluation factors such as potential need indicator and demand pressure indicator and qualitative evaluation factors such as local condition indicator. The potential need indicators of small sized housing development projects are calculated by subtracting the stock of already-supplied constructed rental and purchased rental housings from the potential quantity of need drawn from the small regions such as -eup, -myeon, and -dong. In the potential need indicators of happy house development projects, the potential need is calculated from those who are expected to receive a happy house in the unit of -si, -gun, and -gu. In small-sized housing development projects, demand pressure indictors are the number and the proportion of those who opened a subscription deposit, the number of those who received basic livelihood security and the number of those who were patriots and veterans. The demand pressure indicators of the happy house development projects are stock ratio of small-sized houses, rate of rise in housing rent price, level of housing rent price, and rate of monthly rent house.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Computer Information Conference
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• 2009.01a
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• pp.231-236
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• 2009

본 연구에서는 집이나 사무실과 같은 일상 공간에서 발생할 수 있는 연간의 일상생활행위 (ADL: Activities of Daily Living) 들을 인지하는 분산 모델을 제시한다. 사용자의 환경 정보, 위치 정보 및 행위 정보를 간단한 센서들이 부착된 가정용 기기들과 가구, 식기들을 통해 무선 센서 네트워크를 통해 수집하며 분석한다. 하지만 이와 같은 다양한 기기의 활용과 충분히 분석되어지지 않은 데이터들은 본 논문에서 제시하는 일상 환경에서 고차원의 ADL 모델을 구축하기 어렵게 한다. 그러나 ADL들이 생성하는 센서 데이터들과 센서 데이터들의 순서들은 어떤 행위가, 이루어지고 있는지 인지할 수 있도록 도와준다. 따라서 이 센서 데이터들의 순서를 특정 행위 패턴을 분석하는 데 활용하고, 이를 통해 분산 선형 시간 추론 알고리즘을 제안한다. 이 알고리즘은 센서 네트워크와 같은 소규모 시스템에서 행위를 인지하는 데 적절하다.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.551-573
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• 2015

The rise of single living has been one of the most important demographic shifts of recent decades. The solo household is a little less than 40% in Europe areas and that of Tokyo is over 45%. Being impacted this figure, the formation of single economy is the key word in World Economic Forum(WEF) 2008. Seoul' single household is increasing rapidly. Between 2000 and 2005, the growth of single person is around 34%, the population of single person reached 700,000 people. Now 20% of total household in Seoul is Single household. Living alone or solo living is not exceptional or special in Seoul Metropolitan City. The rise in single living will create pressures towards poverty and inequality and so on. Seoul should develop and prepare the urban policy for single household. We figured out the four key trends which composed of single household in Seoul. Four types of single person are like below : Gold Mr and Miss, Reserved labor forces, depressed single and silver generation. Gold group is amonst people aged 30 and 40 who is working in the area of white collar and professional. They are usually elective single person household who have chosen solo living. Reserved labor forces group is usually among 20s people who have not get the regular hob. For this group, job acquiring is the most important issue. Depressed single person household group is among people aged late 30s and 40s. Its group is the result from the broken family. The silver group is among aged over 65 that is the main issue of the aged society. In this research, we stressed that people living alone can be split into two types - elective single person households who have chosen single living, and forced single person household who have been constrained to this lifestyle by circumstances. Except gold group, the rest of the group is the forced single household who are faced to poverty. The monthly income of single person household is almost under 2 million won. Single person household is usually working in the blue collar job and service area. So, except gold group that is the smallest part of single person household, almost single person is not the target of private market, but the object of public policy.

• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.245-263
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• 1997

Housing market is segmented through 1) housing supply classified by housing characteristics and 2) housing demand classified by different housing opportunity of household. Moreover, neighborhood plays a role in intensifying housing market segmentation as a factor affecting on decision making relevant to housing supply and demand. while segmented housing markets have different mechanism, existing studies on residential differentiation and housing market have overlooked the characteristic differences among housing submarkets as the studies presume metropolitan housing market to be a single housing market. while the concept of 'residential differentiation' pays much attention on spatial pattern after the ecological approach appeared, the concept of ‘housing submarkets' is explanatory of the process of urban space structure formation. Analysis on housing submarkets makes up for the weak points of the behavioral approach inquiring into socio-economic constraint and different housing opportunity of household.